1、翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题 10及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Cloze Test(总题数：5，分数：100.00)Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We d
2、o not know 1 first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year; 2 we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think 3 them, so much so that on all the highest columns in the great cities of the world you will find the 4 of a conqueror or a general or
3、 a soldier. And I think most people 5 that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of 6 countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just 7 they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals 8 ; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting 9 be
4、good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good; but it is not to be 10 . Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most 11 this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have doneis not being civilized. People fight to 12 quarrels. Fighting mean
5、s killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to 12 some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can 14 the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed 15 has won. And not only has won, but, because it has won, has been 16 . For that i
6、s what going to war means; it means 17 that might is right. That is what the story of mankind has 18 been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, 19 millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the
7、streets 20 , that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily lifenations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.（分数：20.00）A.whereB.whoC.whatD.whyA.thoughB.stillC.butD.althoughA.a great deal ofB.many ofC.a
8、 number ofD.lots ofA.pictureB.oil-paintingC.stoneD.figureA.believeB.expectC.meanD.likeA.someB.manyC.otherD.anyA.suitableB.possibleC.questionableD.acceptableA.beatB.combatC.struggleD.fightA.is toB.has toC.shouldD.had betterA.learnedB.gotC.civilizedD.praisedA.sufficientlyB.efficientlyC.mechanicallyD.p
9、ossiblyA.solveB.settleC.setD.stopA.getB.takeC.makeD.findA.kill awayB.kill atC.kill offD.kill fromA.enoughB.manyC.someD.most.A.in the rightB.all rightC.on the rightD.put rightA.tellingB.speakingC.talkingD.sayingA.whollyB.on the wholeC.exactlyD.in the generalA.whichB.in whichC.in thatD.whereA.howeverB
10、.butC.whileD.thoughStandard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language. It is also the variety which is normally 21 by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other 22 situations. T
11、he difference between standard and non-standard, it should be noted, has 23 in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial 24 ; standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants. 25 , the standard variety of English is based on the London 26 of English that developed afte
12、r the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one 27 by the educated, and it was developed and promoted 28 a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the 29 that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected b
13、y such export. Today, 30 English is arranged to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are 31 the same everywhere in the world where English is used; 32 among local standards is really quite minor, 33 the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very 34 different from o
14、ne another so far as grammar and vocabulary are 35 . Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous 36 on all local varieties, to the extent that many of long-established dialects of England have 37 much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be 38 . This l
15、atter situation is not unique 39 English: it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are 40 . But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational (跨国的) ones.（分数：20.00）A.saidB.toldC.ta
16、lkedD.spokenA.sameB.similarC.equalD.identicalA.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everythingA.languageB.vocabularyC.idiomsD.wordsA.SurprisinglyB.HistoricallyC.InterestinglyD.GenerallyA.accentB.pronunciationC.spellingD.dialectA.preferredB.learnedC.praisedD.createdA.toB.inC.asD.forA.basisB.normC.ruleD.vari
17、etyA.FormalB.ColloquialC.Non-standardD.StandardA.notB.veryC.muchD.hardlyA.variationB.standardizationC.unificationD.transformationA.thereforeB.butC.so thatD.neverthelessA.greatB.muchC.noD.littleA.talkedB.concernedC.mentionedD.involvedA.pressB.pressureC.powerD.forceA.lostB.gainedC.missedD.gotA.abandon
18、edB.changedC.standardizedD.reformedA.inB.ofC.forD.toA.in the wayB.under wayC.out of the wayD.all the wayWholesale prices in July rose more sharply than expected and at a faster rate than consumer prices, 41 that businesses were still protecting consumers 42 the full brunt (冲击) of higher energy costs
19、. The Producer Price Index, 43 measures what producers receive for goods and services, 44 1 percent in July, the Labor Department reported yesterday, double 45 economists had been expecting and a sharp turn around from flat prices in June. Excluding 46 and energy, the core index of producer prices r
20、ose0.4 percent, 47 than the0.1 percent that economists had 48 . Much of that increase was result of an 49 increase in car and truck prices. On Tuesday, the Labor Department said the 50 that consumers paid for goods and services in July were 51 0.5 percent over all, and up0.1 percent, excluding food
21、and energy. 52 the overall rise in both consumer and producer prices 53 caused by energy costs, which increased 4.4 percent in the month. (Wholesale food prices 54 0.3 percent in July.) 55 July 2004, wholesale prices were up 4.6 percent; the core rate 56 2.8 percent, its fastest pace since 1995. Typ
22、ically, increases in the Producer Price Index indicate similar changes in the consumer index 57 businesses recoup (补偿) higher costs from customers. 58 for much of this expansion, which started 59 the end of 2001, that has not been the 60 . In fact, many businesses like automakers have been aggressiv
23、ely discounting their products.（分数：20.00）A.indicateB.to indicateC.indicatingD.indicatedA.ofB.toC.byD.fromA.thatB.whichC.itD.thisA.riseB.risesC.roseD.raisedA.thatB.whatC.whichD.thisA.foodB.grainC.cropD.dietA.lessB.lowerC.higherD.moreA.saidB.reportedC.calculatedD.forecastA.expectableB.unexpectedC.expe
24、ctationD.expectingA.pricesB.costsC.chargesD.valuesA.downB.fromC.toD.upA.MuchB.MostC.Most ofD.Much ofA.wasB.wereC.isD.areA.fallB.fellC.fallsD.has fallenA.comparing withB.In comparisonC.Compared withD.Compare toA.droppedB.declinedC.liftedD.climbedA.asB.soC.whileD.whenA.AndB.ButC.YetD.StillA.atB.byC.in
25、D.toA.conditionB.situationC.matterD.caseHere is some advice on food shopping. The 61 family spends about one-sixth of its income 62 food. Because food is expensive, it is important to spend the money wisely when you shop. A careful shopper can prepare nourishing and delicious meals 63 . Here are som
26、e 64 to help you shop better. Buy only the food you need. There are several ways to 65 buying extra food. First, make a shopping list before you go to the store. Then, when you are at the store, 66 your list carefully. 67 , do not go shopping if you are hungry. When you are hungry, foods look very d
27、elicious and you want to buy more than you need. 68 , to shopping 69 if you can. If you shop with young children, they often ask you to buy them unnecessary food like candy. When you have a 70 , choose the 71 expensive brand of a product. There are three points to remember when you buy a can of toma
28、toes, for example. First, look at the advertisements in the newspaper to see if your supermarket is 72 a “special“ on canned tomatoes. In 73 , when you are in the store, you should check the price 74 pound of tomatoes. Sometimes you save money if you buy the larger size can; sometimes, 75 , you do n
29、ot. Third, remember that a grade A product or a more expensive product is not necessarily 76 healthful than a grade B or less expensive product. Grade A tomatoes may look better, but all canned tomatoes have the same nutrients. Shoppers seem to have special difficulties when they buy fresh fruits an
30、d vegetables. There are several things to consider when buying fresh foods. Because fresh foods 77 if they are not used, you have to buy the correct amount 78 the number of people you are serving. In addition, plan to use fresh foods that are in season because fresh foods are generally less expensiv
31、e then. Lastly, choose fruits and vegetables that 79 a bright, fresh color. A good color is often a 80 that the food has a lot of vitamins.（分数：20.00）A.averageB.singleC.plainD.usualA.inB.onC.atD.overA.low-pricedB.inexpensivelyC.costlyD.cheaplyA.hintsB.signsC.signalsD.marksA.preventB.avertC.bypassD.av
32、oidA.followB.observeC.mindD.noticeA.StillB.And yetC.FurthermoreD.HoweverA.At lastB.In the endC.EventuallyD.FinallyA.lonelyB.aloneC.onlyD.singleA.collectionB.selectionC.pileD.heapA.mostB.lessC.leastD.fewA.makingB.offeringC.carryingD.supplyingA.additionB.conclusionC.sumD.briefA.perB.eachC.oneD.everyA.
33、moreoverB.furthermoreC.howeverD.alsoA.wellB.ratherC.goodD.moreA.ruinB.spoilC.destroyD.corruptA.ofB.byC.withD.forA.withB.haveC.havingD.hasA.signB.markC.symbolD.featureWork is a very important part of life in the United States. When the early Protestant 81 came to this country, they brought the 82 tha
34、t work was the way to God and heaven. This attitude, the Protestant work 83 , still 84 America today. Work is not only important for 85 benefits, the salary, but also for social and 86 needs, the 87 of doing something for the good of the society. Americans spend most of their lives working, 88 produ
35、ctive. For most Americans, their work 89 them: They are what they do. What happens, 90 , when a person can no longer work? Most Americans stop working at age sixty-five or seventy and retire. 91 work is such an important part of life in this culture, retirement can be very difficult. Retirees often
36、feel that they are useless and 92 . Of course, some people are happy to retire; but leaving one“s job, 93 it is, is a difficult change, 94 for those who look forward to retiring. Many retirees do not know 95 to use their time or they feel lost without their jobs. Retirement can also bring 96 problem
37、s. Many people depend on Social Security checks every month. 97 their working years, employees 98 a certain percentage of their salaries to the government. Each employer 99 gives a certain percentage to the government. When people retire, they receive this money as 100 .（分数：20.00）A.peopleB.immigrant
38、sC.believersD.followersA.mindB.ideaC.opinionD.pointA.roleB.habitC.ethicD.theoryA.affectsB.affluenceC.influencesD.effectsA.culturalB.tradeC.commercialD.economicA.psychologicalB.physicalC.materialD.physiologicalA.feelingB.senseC.conditionD.libidoA.beB./C.areD.beingA.determinesB.controlsC.refinesD.defi
39、nesA.neverthelessB.yetC.thenD.howeverA.IfB.BecauseC.Even ifD.LikeA.unproducingB.unproductiveC.improducingD.unprodurableA.howeverB.whatC.whateverD.howA.yetB.anyhowC.no matterD.evenA.whenB.whereC.howD.whatA.psychologicalB.economicC.socialD.financialA.DuringB.InC.AfterD.BeforeA.sendB.contributeC.dedica
40、teD.attributeA.stillB.alsoC.alwaysD.seldomA.rewardB.paymentC.interestD.income翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题 10答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Cloze Test(总题数：5，分数：100.00)Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people w
41、ho really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know 1 first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year; 2 we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think 3 them, so much so that on all the highest columns in the
42、great cities of the world you will find the 4 of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people 5 that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of 6 countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just 7 they are, but they are not the most ci
43、vilized. Animals 8 ; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting 9 be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good; but it is not to be 10 . Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most 11 this, after all, is what conquerors and generals
44、 have doneis not being civilized. People fight to 12 quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to 12 some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can 14 the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed 15 has
45、won. And not only has won, but, because it has won, has been 16 . For that is what going to war means; it means 17 that might is right. That is what the story of mankind has 18 been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, 19 millions of people were killed or disabled. And
46、 while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets 20 , that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily lifenations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.（分数：20.00）A.wher
47、eB.who C.whatD.why解析：解析 测试要点：关系代词 who的用法。句中动词 know后面要求接一宾语从句，因而选项中必须填入一个既能引导宾语从句又能作为宾语从句主语的关系代词。选项中 where和 why均为疑问副词，不能作主语。what 为疑问代词，但不指人。只有关系代词 who既能作主语引导宾语从句又能代表人，故应为答案。A.thoughB.stillC.but D.although解析：解析 测试要点：逻辑关系判断。though“虽然，尽管”；although“虽然，尽管”；but“但是”；still“仍然，还”。从上下文来看，全句的逻辑关系应为转折关系，指“我们不知道；
48、但我们知道”。而 though, although均表示让步关系，still 表示“仍然”，只有 but表示转折，符合题意。A.a great deal of B.many ofC.a number ofD.lots of解析：解析 测试要点：短语意义选择。a great deal of“大量；强调；重要”；many of“许多”；a number of“许多，若干”；lots of“大量的，很多的”。在表示数量时，四个短语都表示“许多、大量”的意思，但 a great deal of可以用作状语，表示强调，如：There was a great deal of excitement just
49、 before the game began. 比赛开始前，人们非常激动。It means a great deal to her. 这对她意义重大。文中句意为“人们非常敬仰他们，”，为强调，故答案应为 A。A.pictureB.oil-paintingC.stoneD.figure 解析：解析 测试要点：名词词义选择。picture“照片”；oil-paining“油画”；stone“碑石”；figure“塑像，雕像”。根据常识，在西方最大城市的最高建筑物上找到的应是征服者、将军或士兵的雕像，而不会是照片、油画、碑石之类，故 D项 figure应为正确选择。A.believe B.expectC.meanD.like解析：解析 测试要点：动词词义选择。believe“相信”；expect“期望，期待”；mean“意为”；like“喜欢，愿意”。题句意为“而我认为大多数人们相信最伟大的国家是那些在战斗中打败其他大多数国家并统治他们的征服者。”根据题意，答案应为 A。A.someB.manyC.other D.any解析：解析 测试要点：上下文逻辑关系。some“一些，几个”；many“许多”；other“其他的，其余的，另外的”；any“任何的，所有的”。题句指“在战斗中打败其他大多数国家的征服者”，从逻辑上说，只
