1、翻译三级笔译实务分类真题 4及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section English Ch(总题数：2，分数：60.00)1.Last Friday an advisory panel to the European Environment Agency issued an extraordinary scientific opinion: The European Union should suspend its goal of having 10 percent of transportation fuel made from biofuel by 2020
2、. The European Union“s biofuel targets were increased and extended from 5.75 percent by 2010 to 10 percent by 2020 just last year. Still, Europe“s well-meaning rush to biofuels, the scientists concluded, had produced a slew of harmful ripple effectsfrom deforestation in Southeast Asia to higher pric
3、es for grains. In a recommendation released last weekend, the 20-member panel, made up of some of Europe“s most distinguished climate scientists, called the 10 percent target “overambitious“ and an “experiment“ whose “unintended effects are difficult to predict and difficult to control.“ “The idea w
4、as that we felt we needed to slow down, to analyze the issue carefully and then come back at the problem,“ Laszlo Somlyody, the panel“s chairman and a professor at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, said in a telephone interview. He said that part of the problem was that when it se
5、t the targets, the European Union was trying desperately to solve the problem of rising transportation emissions “in isolation,“ without adequately studying the effects of other sectors like land use and food supply. “The starting point was correct: I“m happy that the European Union took the lead in
6、 cutting greenhouse gasses and we need to control traffic emissions,“ Somlyody said. “But the basic problem is it thought of transport alone, without considering all these other effects. And we don“t understand those very well yet.“ The panel“s advice is not binding and it is not clear whether the E
7、uropean Commission will follow the recommendation. It has become increasingly clear that the global pursuit of biofuelsencouraged by a rash of targets and subsides in both Europe and the United Stateshas not produced the desired effect. Investigations have shown, for example, rain forests and peat s
8、wamp are being cleared to make way for biofuel plantations, a process that produces more emissions than the biofuels can save. Equally concerning, land needed to produce food for people to eat is planted with more profitable biofuel crops, and water is diverted from the drinking supply. In Europe an
9、d the United States, food prices for items like pizza and bread have increased significantly as grain stores shrink and wheat prices rise. The prices of wheat and rice are double those of a year ago, and corn is a third higher, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization said this week. “Food price inf
10、lation hits the poor hardest, as the share of food in their total expenditures is much higher than that of wealthier populations,“ said Henri Josserand of the Food and Agriculture Organization. For example, the European Environment Agency advisory panel suggests that the best use of plant biomass is
11、 not for transport fuel but to heat homes and generate electricity. To be useful for vehicles, plant matter must be distilled to a fuel and often transported long distances. To heat a home, it can often be used raw or with minimal processing, and moved just a short distance away. （分数：30.00）_2.Plans
12、are well under way for a year of celebrations to mark the upcoming bicentennial of one of Poland“s favorite native sons-Frdric, Chopin. The prestigious International Chopin Competition for pianists will mark its 16th edition in October 2010. Held every five years, the competition draws scores of you
13、ng musicians from all over the world. In addition, Warsaw“s Chopin Museum, with the world“s largest collection of Chopin documents and other artifacts, will undergo a total redesign, modernization and expansion. A lavishly illustrated new guidebook called “Chopin“s Poland“ was already published this
14、 year. It leads visitors to dozens of sites in Warsaw and elsewhere around the country where the composer lived, ate, studied, performed, visited or even partied. “Actually, Chopin doesn“t need to be promoted, but we hope that Poland and Polish culture can be promoted through Chopin,“ said Monika St
15、rugala, who is coordinating the Chopin 2010 program under the aegis of the Fryderyk Chopin Institute, a body set up by the Sejm in 2001 to promote and protect Chopin“s work and image. “We want to confirm to all that he is a very, very important Polish symbol,“ she said. Indeed, it“s not much of an e
16、xaggeration to say that Chopin“s music flows through the Polish national consciousness like some sort of cultural lifeblood. The son of a Polish mother and a French migr father, Chopin was born in a manor house at Zelazowa Wola, about 50 kilometers, or 30 miles, west of Warsaw, and moved to Warsaw a
17、s an infant. The manor is something of a Chopin shrinesince the 1930s it has been a museum and center for concerts. Like the Chopin Museum in Warsaw, it, too, is undergoing extensive renovation as part of bicentennial preparations. Chopin spent his first 20 years in and around Warsaw. He was already
18、 a noted pianist as a boy and composed concertos and other important works as a teenager. He carried Polish soil with him when he left Warsaw on a concert tour in 1830, just a few weeks before the outbreak of the November Uprising, an abortive Polish revolt against Czarist Russia, which then ruled W
19、arsaw and a broad swath of Polish territory. Chopin remained in exile in France after the uprising was crushed. But so attached was he to his native land that after his death in Paris in 1849 his hearton his own instructions was brought back to Warsaw for interment. The rest of his body is buried in
20、 the Pre Lachaise cemetery in Paris. “For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also,“ reads the Biblical inscription on a plaque where his heart is kept today, preserved in an urn and concealed in a pillar of the Holy Cross Church in central Warsaw. Mozart“s “Requiem“ will be performed h
21、ere as part of Bicentennial events. Exile and patriotism, as well as extraordinary genius, have long made Chopin“s appeal transcend all manner of social and political divides. Polish folk motifs thread through some of his finest pieces, and patriotic fervor, as well as homesick longing, infuse some
22、of his best-known works. （分数：30.00）_二、Section Chinese-En(总题数：2，分数：40.00)3.作为一个国际商业中心，上海拥有繁忙的港口，亚洲最重要的证券交易所之一以及世界 600强都不能忽视的巨大市场。 上海己建成全国顶级的博物馆和歌剧院，还将举办 2010年世界博览会，向人们展示其商业和文化中心的地位。在世博会 153年的历史中，拥有 1700万人口的上海将成为发展中国家的首个东道主。 预计在 2010年 5月至 10月的世博会期间，参观人数将达到创纪录的 7000万人次。世博会的主题为：城市，让生活更美好。上海希望通过举办世博会盈利的同
23、时，能吸引资金流向其服务业。从长远看，世博会将有利于城市改造并全面提升上海的国际形象。 上海计划为世博会投资 30亿美元。为确保世博会举办期间交通顺畅，还将投入更多资金用于改造道路和地铁。 根据世博会规划，所有会展建筑将建在黄浦江两岸，包括众多高科技展厅和一个会议中心。上海市政府决心通过举办世博会，不断改善城市生活。世博会结束后，大部分场地将被改造成生活、办公和休闲设施。 （分数：20.00）_4.国际金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。主要表现在：经济下行压力明显加大，进出口继续下滑，工业生产明显放缓，部分企业生产经营困难，就业难度加大。这场国际金融危机与中国发展方式转变、经济结构调整
24、的关键时期不期而遇，新的挑战与既有矛盾相互交织，加大了我们解决问题的难度。 为应对国际金融危机冲击、保持经济平稳较快发展，中国及时调整宏观经济政策，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，形成了进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的一揽子计划。我们大规模增加政府支出，实施总额 4万亿元人民币的两年投资计划，实行结构性减税政策，多次降息和增加银行体系流动性，大范围实施产业调整振兴规划，大力推进科技创新和技术改造，大力加强节能减排和生态环境保护，继续调整国民收入分配格局，大力拓展国内市场特别是农村市场，大幅度提高社会保障水平。 现在，这些措施已取得初步成效、呈现出积极迹象，国内消费需求比较旺盛，投资需
25、求稳步提高，社会大局保持稳定。这表明中国的应对思路是符合实际的，政策是积极有效的。中国为应对国际金融危机冲击采取的一系列举措不仅对本国经济、而且对区域经济乃至世界经济都将产生积极影响。 （分数：20.00）_翻译三级笔译实务分类真题 4答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section English Ch(总题数：2，分数：60.00)1.Last Friday an advisory panel to the European Environment Agency issued an extraordinary scientific opinion: The Europ
26、ean Union should suspend its goal of having 10 percent of transportation fuel made from biofuel by 2020. The European Union“s biofuel targets were increased and extended from 5.75 percent by 2010 to 10 percent by 2020 just last year. Still, Europe“s well-meaning rush to biofuels, the scientists conc
27、luded, had produced a slew of harmful ripple effectsfrom deforestation in Southeast Asia to higher prices for grains. In a recommendation released last weekend, the 20-member panel, made up of some of Europe“s most distinguished climate scientists, called the 10 percent target “overambitious“ and an
28、 “experiment“ whose “unintended effects are difficult to predict and difficult to control.“ “The idea was that we felt we needed to slow down, to analyze the issue carefully and then come back at the problem,“ Laszlo Somlyody, the panel“s chairman and a professor at the Budapest University of Techno
29、logy and Economics, said in a telephone interview. He said that part of the problem was that when it set the targets, the European Union was trying desperately to solve the problem of rising transportation emissions “in isolation,“ without adequately studying the effects of other sectors like land u
30、se and food supply. “The starting point was correct: I“m happy that the European Union took the lead in cutting greenhouse gasses and we need to control traffic emissions,“ Somlyody said. “But the basic problem is it thought of transport alone, without considering all these other effects. And we don
31、“t understand those very well yet.“ The panel“s advice is not binding and it is not clear whether the European Commission will follow the recommendation. It has become increasingly clear that the global pursuit of biofuelsencouraged by a rash of targets and subsides in both Europe and the United Sta
32、teshas not produced the desired effect. Investigations have shown, for example, rain forests and peat swamp are being cleared to make way for biofuel plantations, a process that produces more emissions than the biofuels can save. Equally concerning, land needed to produce food for people to eat is p
33、lanted with more profitable biofuel crops, and water is diverted from the drinking supply. In Europe and the United States, food prices for items like pizza and bread have increased significantly as grain stores shrink and wheat prices rise. The prices of wheat and rice are double those of a year ag
34、o, and corn is a third higher, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization said this week. “Food price inflation hits the poor hardest, as the share of food in their total expenditures is much higher than that of wealthier populations,“ said Henri Josserand of the Food and Agriculture Organization. For
35、 example, the European Environment Agency advisory panel suggests that the best use of plant biomass is not for transport fuel but to heat homes and generate electricity. To be useful for vehicles, plant matter must be distilled to a fuel and often transported long distances. To heat a home, it can
36、often be used raw or with minimal processing, and moved just a short distance away. （分数：30.00）_正确答案：()解析：欧盟此前制定了一个有关生物燃料发展的目标，到 2020年生物燃料在交通运输燃料供应中所占比例必须达到 10%，但上周五欧洲环境署顾问小组做出了一个重大科学决定，呼吁欧盟暂停执行该政策。 欧盟在去年才刚制定该目标，要求将生物燃料占比从 2010年的 5.75%提高至 2020年的 10%。不过，顾问小组的科学家们得出的结论是：欧洲倡导大力发展生物燃料初衷是好的，但是现已造成了东南亚森林砍伐
37、、粮食价格攀升等各种负面连锁反应。 该顾问小组由包括欧洲顶尖气候学家在内的 20名成员组成。上周末该顾问小组发布了一项建议，称 10%的占比目标“过高”，这种“实验”产生的其他影响难以预测和控制。 在接受电话采访时，布达佩斯技术与经济大学教授、该顾问小组组长拉兹洛索姆里奥迪(Laszlo Somlyody)说：“我们认为必须放缓生态燃料发展步伐，认真分析后再重新确定目标。” 他说，当欧盟制定相关目标时，没有就发展生态燃料对土地利用和粮食供应等其他相关领域造成的影响进行充分调研，片面、孤立地制定了交通运输领域的减排政策和目标。 “出发点是对的：欧盟带头减排令人欣慰，我们也确实需要控制交通运输领域
38、的排放，”索姆里奥迪说，“但是问题在于，欧盟只想到了交通运输领域，没有考虑到其他领域因此受到的影响，而且目前我们对这些影响也并十分了解。” 该顾问小组提出的上述建议并不具约束力，目前也尚不清楚欧洲委员会是否会赞同该建议。 此前，欧洲和美国都纷纷设立生物燃料发展目标并给予大力补贴，由此在全球掀起了生物燃料热，但是，现在有越来越多的证据表明，这股浪潮并没有产生预期效果。 比如，多项调查表明，现在人们为了种植生物燃料作物，不惜砍伐森林，占用泥潭沼泽，由此产生的温室气体排放量甚至超过了使用生物燃料所减少的排放量，得不偿失。同样引人担忧的是，为了种植更为有利可图的生物燃料作物，基本粮田和饮用水均遭占用。
39、 在欧洲和美国，粮食储备不断减少、小麦价格逐渐攀升，比萨饼和面包等食品的价格都出现了较大涨幅。 本周，联合国粮衣组织称，小麦和大米的价格均同比翻番，玉米价格也出现了三分之一的涨幅。 粮农组织的亨利约瑟兰德说：“穷人的食品支出在总支出中的占比远高于富人，所以粮食价格上涨对他们的影响最大。” 欧洲环境署顾问小组建议，对植物生物量的最佳利用不是生产燃料，而是用于家庭取暖和发电。 要生产车用生物燃料，植物生物量必须经过蒸馏，且制成燃料后还需要长途运输送达目的地。而如果换做家用的话，植物生物量往往可以直接利用或者经过简单加工即可利用，而且仅需短途运输。2.Plans are well under way
40、 for a year of celebrations to mark the upcoming bicentennial of one of Poland“s favorite native sons-Frdric, Chopin. The prestigious International Chopin Competition for pianists will mark its 16th edition in October 2010. Held every five years, the competition draws scores of young musicians from
41、all over the world. In addition, Warsaw“s Chopin Museum, with the world“s largest collection of Chopin documents and other artifacts, will undergo a total redesign, modernization and expansion. A lavishly illustrated new guidebook called “Chopin“s Poland“ was already published this year. It leads vi
42、sitors to dozens of sites in Warsaw and elsewhere around the country where the composer lived, ate, studied, performed, visited or even partied. “Actually, Chopin doesn“t need to be promoted, but we hope that Poland and Polish culture can be promoted through Chopin,“ said Monika Strugala, who is coo
43、rdinating the Chopin 2010 program under the aegis of the Fryderyk Chopin Institute, a body set up by the Sejm in 2001 to promote and protect Chopin“s work and image. “We want to confirm to all that he is a very, very important Polish symbol,“ she said. Indeed, it“s not much of an exaggeration to say
44、 that Chopin“s music flows through the Polish national consciousness like some sort of cultural lifeblood. The son of a Polish mother and a French migr father, Chopin was born in a manor house at Zelazowa Wola, about 50 kilometers, or 30 miles, west of Warsaw, and moved to Warsaw as an infant. The m
45、anor is something of a Chopin shrinesince the 1930s it has been a museum and center for concerts. Like the Chopin Museum in Warsaw, it, too, is undergoing extensive renovation as part of bicentennial preparations. Chopin spent his first 20 years in and around Warsaw. He was already a noted pianist a
46、s a boy and composed concertos and other important works as a teenager. He carried Polish soil with him when he left Warsaw on a concert tour in 1830, just a few weeks before the outbreak of the November Uprising, an abortive Polish revolt against Czarist Russia, which then ruled Warsaw and a broad
47、swath of Polish territory. Chopin remained in exile in France after the uprising was crushed. But so attached was he to his native land that after his death in Paris in 1849 his hearton his own instructions was brought back to Warsaw for interment. The rest of his body is buried in the Pre Lachaise
48、cemetery in Paris. “For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also,“ reads the Biblical inscription on a plaque where his heart is kept today, preserved in an urn and concealed in a pillar of the Holy Cross Church in central Warsaw. Mozart“s “Requiem“ will be performed here as part of Bicentennial events. Exile and patriotism, as well as extraordinary genius, have long made Chopin“s appeal transcend all manner
