1、翻译三级笔译实务-经济发展(Economy)及答案解析(总分：140.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.I wanted to be a man, and a man I am.（分数：2.00）_2.Keeping the intricacies and complexities out of the picture, let us take the binary opposites of the rich and the poor in the global system.（分数：2.00）_3.Their host carved, poured,
2、 served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.（分数：2.00）_4.In line with the latest trends in fashion, a few dress designers have been sacrificing elegance to audacity.（分数：2.00）_5.There had been too much publicity about their relationship.（分数：2.00）_6.She was more royal than the royals.（分数：2.00）
3、_7.Ive known several people who have overcome nail-biting simply by buying 50 nail files and distributing them everywhere: in their pockets, desks and bedrooms.（分数：2.00）_8.After the light was turned off, the rat had to wait a short time before it was released from its cage,（分数：2.00）_9.Amy settles in
4、to her seat, takes out her computer and reads over the agenda for the meeting to which shes traveling.（分数：2.00）_10.Some people accuse me of being rude because I always introduce myself to other people I meet on trains; but l answer by telling them that the reason for my action is not curiosity but f
5、riendliness.（分数：2.00）_二、B/B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.时间一分钟一分钟过去，前面那团红雾更红更亮了。（分数：2.00）_12.听到这个消息，他一肚皮的酒几乎全化成了醋酸。（分数：2.00）_13.但是，我却看到了一次最雄伟、最瑰丽的日出景象。（分数：2.00）_14.姑娘有点不好意思了，脸上泛着红潮。（分数：2.00）_15.匪军所至，杀戮人民，奸淫妇女，毁灭村庄，掠夺财物，无所不用其极。（分数：2.00）_16.教师给孩子们上的课，节奏要快，内容要有趣，因为这些孩子们是在看电视和玩电脑游戏的环境中长大的。（分数：2.00）_17.我们一定要逐步解决沿海
6、同内地贫富差距问题。（分数：2.00）_18.但是在表面平静的生活下面一直有一种不满和不安的情绪。（分数：2.00）_19.没有人可以否认，几百万的私人小企业大大地推动了国家的经济。（分数：2.00）_20.汉字在历史上有过不可磨灭的功绩。（分数：2.00）_三、B/B(总题数：1，分数：60.00)21.BTourism, Globalization and Sustainable Development/B Tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of the global economy and developing countries
7、 are attempting to cash in on this expanding industry in an attempt to boost foreign investment and financial reserves. While conceding that the uncontrolled growth of this industry can result in serious environmental and social problems, the United Nations contends that such negative effects can be
8、 controlled and reduced. Before getting into the cold facts of global economics, let me begin with another story to warm up. I was perplexed when I recently read in the newspaper that Thailands forestry chief had said: “Humans cant live in the forest because human beings arent animals. Unlike us, an
9、imals can. adapt themselves to the wild or any environment naturally.“ This was to legitimatize the governments plan to remove hundreds of thousands of rural and hill tribe people from protected areas. This man, who is in charge of conserving the forests, is at the same time very strongly pushing to
10、 open up the countrys 81 national parks to outside investors and visitors in the name of “eco-tourism“. Can we conclude, then, that the forestry chief considers developers and tourists as animals that know how to adapt to the forest and behave in the wild naturally? While authorities want to stop th
11、e access to forest lands and natural resources of village people, another group of people - namely tourism developers and tourists with lots of money to spend - are set to gain access to the area. While authorities believe that local people, who have often lived in the area for generations, are not
12、capable of managing and conserving their land and natural resources - under a community forestry scheme for example - they believe they themselves in cooperation with the tourist industry can properly manage and conserve “nature“ under a national eco-tourism plan. Taking the above quote seriously, c
13、ynics may be tempted to say there is obviously a gap between “human rights“ and “animal fights“. How is this story linked to globalization? First of all, that humans cannot live in the forest is - of course - not a Thai concept. It is a notion of Western conservation ideology - an outcome of the glo
14、balization of ideas and perceptions. Likewise, that eco-tourism under a “good management“ system is beneficial to local people and nature is also a Western concept that is being globalized. In fact, Thailands forestry chief thinks globally and acts locally. A lesson that can be learned from this is
15、that the slogan “Think Globally, Act Locally“ that the environmental movements have promoted all the years, has not necessarily served to preserve the environment and safeguard local communities rights, but has been co-opted and distorted by official agencies and private industries for profit-making
16、 purposes. The tourism industry is demonstrating this all too well Many developing countries, facing debt burdens and worsening trade terms, have turned to tourism promotion in the hope that it brings foreign exchange and investment. Simultaneously, leading international agencies such as the World B
17、ank, United Nations agencies and business organizations like the World Travel but l answer by telling them that the reason for my action is not curiosity but friendliness.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：有人指责我粗鲁，因为我总是喜欢把自己介绍给在火车上遇到的那些人；但是我对他们说，我之所以这样做不是出于好奇，而是想向他们表示友好。二、B/B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.时间一分钟一分钟过去，前面那团红雾更红
18、更亮了。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：As time goes by minute by minute, the rosy halos ahead grow redder and brighter.12.听到这个消息，他一肚皮的酒几乎全化成了醋酸。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：At this news the wine in his stomach turned to sour vinegar in his jealousy.13.但是，我却看到了一次最雄伟、最瑰丽的日出景象。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：I have, however, seen a super
19、bly majestic and beautiful sunrise.14.姑娘有点不好意思了，脸上泛着红潮。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：The girly blushed shyly.15.匪军所至，杀戮人民，奸淫妇女，毁灭村庄，掠夺财物，无所不用其极。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：Wherever the bandit troops went, they massacred and raped, burned and looted, and stopped at nothing.16.教师给孩子们上的课，节奏要快，内容要有趣，因为这些孩子们是在看电视和玩电脑游戏的环境
20、中长大的。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：Teachers have to make lessons fast-moving and entertaining, for children are raised on television and computer games.17.我们一定要逐步解决沿海同内地贫富差距问题。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：We can gradually bridge the gap between coastal and inland areas.18.但是在表面平静的生活下面一直有一种不满和不安的情绪。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：
21、But there always was dissatisfied restlessness under the placid surface to life.19.没有人可以否认，几百万的私人小企业大大地推动了国家的经济。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：No one can deny that millions of small private enterprises have fuelled the nations economy.20.汉字在历史上有过不可磨灭的功绩。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：The system of Chinese characters has
22、played an invaluable role in our history.三、B/B(总题数：1，分数：60.00)21.BTourism, Globalization and Sustainable Development/B Tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of the global economy and developing countries are attempting to cash in on this expanding industry in an attempt to boost foreign inve
23、stment and financial reserves. While conceding that the uncontrolled growth of this industry can result in serious environmental and social problems, the United Nations contends that such negative effects can be controlled and reduced. Before getting into the cold facts of global economics, let me b
24、egin with another story to warm up. I was perplexed when I recently read in the newspaper that Thailands forestry chief had said: “Humans cant live in the forest because human beings arent animals. Unlike us, animals can. adapt themselves to the wild or any environment naturally.“ This was to legiti
25、matize the governments plan to remove hundreds of thousands of rural and hill tribe people from protected areas. This man, who is in charge of conserving the forests, is at the same time very strongly pushing to open up the countrys 81 national parks to outside investors and visitors in the name of
26、“eco-tourism“. Can we conclude, then, that the forestry chief considers developers and tourists as animals that know how to adapt to the forest and behave in the wild naturally? While authorities want to stop the access to forest lands and natural resources of village people, another group of people
27、 - namely tourism developers and tourists with lots of money to spend - are set to gain access to the area. While authorities believe that local people, who have often lived in the area for generations, are not capable of managing and conserving their land and natural resources - under a community f
28、orestry scheme for example - they believe they themselves in cooperation with the tourist industry can properly manage and conserve “nature“ under a national eco-tourism plan. Taking the above quote seriously, cynics may be tempted to say there is obviously a gap between “human rights“ and “animal f
29、ights“. How is this story linked to globalization? First of all, that humans cannot live in the forest is - of course - not a Thai concept. It is a notion of Western conservation ideology - an outcome of the globalization of ideas and perceptions. Likewise, that eco-tourism under a “good management“
30、 system is beneficial to local people and nature is also a Western concept that is being globalized. In fact, Thailands forestry chief thinks globally and acts locally. A lesson that can be learned from this is that the slogan “Think Globally, Act Locally“ that the environmental movements have promo
31、ted all the years, has not necessarily served to preserve the environment and safeguard local communities rights, but has been co-opted and distorted by official agencies and private industries for profit-making purposes. The tourism industry is demonstrating this all too well Many developing countr
32、ies, facing debt burdens and worsening trade terms, have turned to tourism promotion in the hope that it brings foreign exchange and investment. Simultaneously, leading international agencies such as the World Bank, United Nations agencies and business organizations like the World Travel & Tourism C
33、ouncil (WTTC) have been substantially involved to make tourism a truly global industry. However, tourism in developing countries is often viewed by critics as an extension of former colonial conditions because from the very beginning, it has benefited from international economic relationships that s
34、tructurally favor the advanced capitalist countries in the North. Unequal trading relationships, dependence on foreign interests, and the division of labor have relegated poor countries in the South to becoming tourism recipients and affluent countries in the North to the position of tourism generat
35、ors, with the latter enjoying the freedom from having to pay the price for the meanwhile well-known negative impacts in destinations.（分数：60.00）_正确答案：()解析：B旅游、全球化与可持续发展/B 旅游是全球经济中一个快速增长的领域，因而发展中国家正努力从这一快速增长的产业中获利，以促进海外投资、增加金融储备。联合国一方面承认，该产业的无序发展会造成严重的环境和社会问题，另一方面却坚持认为这些负面影响可以得到控制和减小。 在了解全球经济的严酷现实之前，让
36、我先讲个故事为大家热热身。最近我在报纸上看到泰国林业部高官称：“人类无法生活在森林里，因为人类不是动物；动物与人类不同，能够自然地适应荒野和其它环境。”他的话令我非常困惑。这种说法将使政府将数以万计的边远和山区部落人民逐出保护地的计划合法化。这位负责森林保护的官员正在以“生态旅游”为名义积极推动向海外投资商和游客开放该国的 81家森林公园。我们由此是否可以断定，这位林业高官把开发商和游客看作了动物，他们知道如何适应在森林中的环境、在荒野里自然地生存的动物? 尽管当局要禁止村民接近林地和自然资源，而另一群人，那些旅游开发商和出手阔绰的游客，却能获准进入这一地区。当局认为世世代代生活在这里的当地居
37、民没有能力通过诸如社区森林保护规划之类的方法管理其土地和自然资源，唯当局自身却坚信他们可以在全国生态旅游规划之下，与旅游部门合作，妥善地管理并保护“自然”。倘若上述说法当真，那些愤世嫉俗的人也许不禁要说，看来“人权”与“动物权”之间鸿沟确实不小。 这怎么会与全球化联系在一起呢?首先，人类不能生活在森林里，这本来并不是泰国人的观念，而是西方环保意识的影响也即观念全球化的一个结果。同样，建立在“良好的管理”体制下的生态旅游有益于当地人民和自然的观念也是一个正在全球化的西方观念。事实上，泰国林业高官表面上着眼的是全球，实际上着力的却是本部门的利益。在这一点上有个教训：多年来环保运动提倡的“着眼全球，
38、着力本地”的口号，并没有被用来保护环境、捍卫当地社区的权利，而是被官方机构和私人企业共同曲解谋利了。旅游业在这一点上的表现可以说是淋漓尽致了。 许多发展中国家面临着沉重的债务负担和日益刻薄的贸易条款，转而提升旅游业，以期得到外汇、吸引投资。与此同时，世界银行、联合国各部门等主要国际机构和世界旅行及旅游业理事会之类的商业组织已经从实质上已参与进来，使旅游业事实上成为一个全球产业。 然而，在批评家看来，发展中国家的旅游业往往是先前殖民统治的延续，因为从一开始，它就从国际经济关系上获益，而这种关系从结构上讲有利于北半球发达资本主义国家。不平等的贸易关系、对海外利益的依赖和劳动的分工，使南半球的穷国沦
39、为旅游的接受者，而北半球的富国则处于旅游生产者的地位，他们不必为众所周知的对旅游目的地造成的负面影响买单。四、B/B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)22.B贸易保护主义考验全球经济/B 2000 年全球共有反倾销案 251起，略高于 20世纪 90年代年均 232起的数字。但是，2001 年，反倾销案件猛增到创记录的 348起。这个的统计数字表明贸易保护主义正在迅速蔓延，并日益成为国际贸易中一个严重的问题。 事实表明，一旦经济陷入衰退，贸易保护主义就会抬头。2002 年 3月 20日，美国正式启动 201条款，对进口钢材加征 30%的进口关税，这就是贸易保护主义的最好例证。 美国钢铁业由于自身
40、的结构问题，再加上本国经济萧条的打击，许多钢铁公司纷纷倒闭。出于政治上的原因，布什政府挥起了“钢铁大棒”，保护本国的钢铁业，引发了钢材出口国的强烈不满。 美国是发起对外反倾销案最多的国家，其次是加拿大、印度和欧盟。而中国则是反倾销案最主要的打击目标之一。 反倾销调查最终经常会导致加征进口税，目的在于增加出口商的销售成本，保护本国产品的竞争力。虽然很多实施反倾销行动的国家宣称他们的行为是合法的，但是无可否认，反倾销的根本目的是保护本国竞争力低下的生产者。 美国的 201条款还不同于普通的反倾销、反补贴措施，它不要求调查出口国是否进行了不公平的贸易活动，只要求对国内相关行业是否因进口增加而受损进行调查即可。这种紧急保护措施较普通的反倾销更随意，也更为严厉。 结果
