1、翻译三级笔译实务-历史文化(History)及答案解析(总分：140.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The manager sat in his office amid his morning mail.（分数：2.00）_2.He is a man above vulgar interests.（分数：2.00）_3.The ancient compass is of high sensibility.（分数：2.00）_4.It looks as if we are in for a storm.（分数：2.00）_5.He was betwe
2、en sheets by eleven.（分数：2.00）_6.On a third voyage in 1498 Columbus found Trinidad and explored the northern coast of South America.（分数：2.00）_7.Fresh from his role in Titanic, he has a double starring role in The Man in the Iron Mask.(铁面人)（分数：2.00）_8.Later when the children came home for the week of
3、Christmas, the house was bright with Christmas colours.（分数：2.00）_9.He continued to search through the Bahamian Cays down to Cuba, a place name which suggested Cipangu (Japan), and then eastward to the island he named Espanola.（分数：2.00）_10.Out of all the glorious tales written about the U. S. revolut
4、ion for independence from Britain, the fact is hardly known that a black man was the first to die for American independence.（分数：2.00）_二、B/B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.中国经历了一系列艰苦的变革和试验。（分数：2.00）_12.我再向外看时，他已抱了朱红的橘子往回走。（分数：2.00）_13.1292年，马可波罗携弟弟和儿子，随十四条大船组成的船队和六百名船员从中国南方一个港口出发，离开中国，前往威尼斯。（分数：2.00）_14.爹上班去了，妹不
5、在家，妈刚找到工作，还得过一小时才下班。（分数：2.00）_15.经过仔细研究，他们发现这个设计落后了。（分数：2.00）_16.“来啦!”她转身蹦着跳着跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过阳台，进了门廊。（分数：2.00）_17.他们一不会做工，二不会种地，三不全打仗。（分数：2.00）_18.他们派了一个杀手去追杀他。（分数：2.00）_19.他们立刻出动去追击敌人。（分数：2.00）_20.我进屋时，他在读书。（分数：2.00）_三、B/B(总题数：1，分数：60.00)21.Born in 1451, the son of an Italian weaver, Christophe
6、r Columbus took to the sea at an early age, making up for his lack of formal education by teaching himself geography, navigation, and Latin. By the 1480s Columbus - a tall, red-haired, long-faced man with a ruddy complexion, oval eyes, and a prominent nose - was an experienced seaman. Dazzled by the
7、 prospect of Asian riches, he hatched a scheme to reach the Indies (India, China, the East Indies, or Japan) by sailing west. After the courts of Portugal, England, and France showed little interest in his plan, Columbus turned to Spain for backing. He won the support of Ferdinand and Isabella, the
8、Spanish monarchs, and himself raised much of the money needed to finance the voyage. The legend that the queen had to hock the crown jewels is as spurious as the fable that Columbus set out to prove the earth was round. Columbus chartered one seventy-five-foot ship, the Santa Maria, and the Spanish
9、city of Palos supplied two smaller caravels, the Pinta and Nina. From Palos this little squadron, with eighty-seven officers and men, set sail westward for what Columbus thought was Asia. The first leg of the journey went well, thanks to a strong trade wind. But then the breeze lagged, the days pass
10、ed, and the crew began to grumble about their captains farfetched plan. To rally flagging morale, he reminded the crew of the dazzling riches awaiting them. Yet skepticism remained rife, and he finally promised that the expedition would mm back if land were not sighted in three days. Early on Octobe
11、r 12, 1492, after thirty-three days at sea, a lookout on the Santa Maria yelled “Tierra ! Tierra ! Land ! Land ! “ It was an island in the Bahamas that Columbus named San Salvador (Blessed Savior). According to Columbuss own reckoning he was near the Indies, so he called the island people los Indios
12、. He described the Indians as naked people, “very well made, of very handsome bodies and very good faces.“ The Arawak Indians paddled out in dugout logs, which they called canoes, and offered gifts to the strangers. Their warm generosity and docile temperament led Columbus to write in his journal th
13、at “they invite you to share anything that they possess, and show as much love as if their hearts went with it.“ Yet he added that “with fifty men they could all be subjugated and compelled to do anything one wishes.“（分数：60.00）_四、B/B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)22.1895年，中国在中日甲午战争中战败，陷入了深刻的国家危机，世界列强威胁要瓜分中国。那些忧患国家
14、命运的知识分子要求改革，不仅工业和军事方面要改，政治体制也得改。康有为、梁启超和谭嗣同便是维新派的代表人物。 康有为会同一千三百多名举人联名上书光绪皇帝，要求维新变法。康有为主张以君主立宪制代替封建专制。康有为的学生梁启超协助撰写文章，宣传变法思想。相比之下，谭嗣同更为激进，撰写了仁学一书批驳传统思想。 维新派不断发表演说，出版论著，在报上撰文，阐明变法的必要性。中国的危急形势在一定程度上帮助了他们，当时的形势表明中国除了变法之外别无出路。但是，顽固派，在国内，尤其是在统治阶级中的势力仍然十分强大。他们极力反对变法，认为要变的是人，不是法，因为所有的错误都来自于人们的错误想法。 1898 年，
15、康有为再次上书光绪皇帝。他谏言只有维新变法才能救国，不变法国家就要灭亡。这一次，光绪皇帝被说动了，赞同了康有为的观点和建议。1898 年 6月，他让康有为和其他一些变法派在政府中担任要职，并授权他们进行改革。 他们采取的主要是一些经济和教育改良措施，诸如鼓励工商业，设立学校，改革科举制度，裁撤一些不必要的政府机构。但是真正执掌大权的是以慈禧太后为首的顽固派，他们非常憎恨这些举措，强烈反对。在军队的协助下，慈禧于 9月发动政变。将光绪皇帝软禁，并且杀害了谭嗣同等六位维新志士。康有为和梁启超侥幸逃脱。百日维新就这样宣告结束。 变法的失败给进步人士这样一个教训：要在清廷的统治下改革政治体制是不可能的
16、。不久以后，以孙中山为首的具有更为激进思想的人们开始策划武装起义推翻清王朝。历经失败之后，终于在1911年取得了胜利。（分数：40.00）_翻译三级笔译实务-历史文化(History)答案解析(总分：140.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The manager sat in his office amid his morning mail.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：经理坐在办公室里处理早上到的邮件。2.He is a man above vulgar interests.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：他是一个脱离了低级趣味的
17、人。3.The ancient compass is of high sensibility.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：古代的指南针具有很高的灵敏度。4.It looks as if we are in for a storm.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：看来我们免不了要碰上一场暴风雨了。5.He was between sheets by eleven.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：十一点时，他已钻进被窝了。6.On a third voyage in 1498 Columbus found Trinidad and explored the northe
18、rn coast of South America.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：1498 年哥伦布第三次出航，哥伦布发现了特立尼达，探访了南美的北部海岸。7.Fresh from his role in Titanic, he has a double starring role in The Man in the Iron Mask.(铁面人)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：刚刚完成泰坦尼克号中的角色，他又一人饰演两个角色，主演电影铁面人。8.Later when the children came home for the week of Christmas, the
19、house was bright with Christmas colours.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：后来，孩子们回到家过圣诞周，家里灯火辉煌，充满着圣诞隋调。9.He continued to search through the Bahamian Cays down to Cuba, a place name which suggested Cipangu (Japan), and then eastward to the island he named Espanola.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：他继续行航行，穿过巴哈马群岛，直下古巴这个名字暗指“西潘戈(
20、日本)”然后东行至他命名为伊斯帕尼奥拉岛的地方。10.Out of all the glorious tales written about the U. S. revolution for independence from Britain, the fact is hardly known that a black man was the first to die for American independence.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：读遍了关于美国为摆脱英国统治争取独立而进行革命的堂皇纪事，很少有人知道第一个为美国独立而牺牲的原来是个黑人。二、B/B(总题数：10，分
21、数：20.00)11.中国经历了一系列艰苦的变革和试验。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：China has been through a wrenching series of changes and experiments.12.我再向外看时，他已抱了朱红的橘子往回走。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：When next I looked out he was on his way back with some ruddy tangerines.13.1292年，马可波罗携弟弟和儿子，随十四条大船组成的船队和六百名船员从中国南方一个港口出发，离开中国，前往威尼斯。（分数：2.0
22、0）_正确答案：()解析：Marco Polo, together with his son and brother, left China for Venice in 1292 with a fleet of fourteen large boats and 600 other passengers from a port in southern China.14.爹上班去了，妹不在家，妈刚找到工作，还得过一小时才下班。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：Dad was at work, my younger sister was away, and Mother wouldnt be
23、home from her new job for an hour.15.经过仔细研究，他们发现这个设计落后了。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：After careful investigation they found the design behind.16.“来啦!”她转身蹦着跳着跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过阳台，进了门廊。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：“Coming!“ Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the po
24、rch.17.他们一不会做工，二不会种地，三不全打仗。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：They do not know a thing about factory work, nor about farm work, nor about military affairs.18.他们派了一个杀手去追杀他。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：They sent a killer after him.19.他们立刻出动去追击敌人。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：They immediately set out in pursuit of the enemy.20.我进屋时，他在读
25、书。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：When I entered the room, he was at his books.三、B/B(总题数：1，分数：60.00)21.Born in 1451, the son of an Italian weaver, Christopher Columbus took to the sea at an early age, making up for his lack of formal education by teaching himself geography, navigation, and Latin. By the 1480s C
26、olumbus - a tall, red-haired, long-faced man with a ruddy complexion, oval eyes, and a prominent nose - was an experienced seaman. Dazzled by the prospect of Asian riches, he hatched a scheme to reach the Indies (India, China, the East Indies, or Japan) by sailing west. After the courts of Portugal,
27、 England, and France showed little interest in his plan, Columbus turned to Spain for backing. He won the support of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Spanish monarchs, and himself raised much of the money needed to finance the voyage. The legend that the queen had to hock the crown jewels is as spurious
28、as the fable that Columbus set out to prove the earth was round. Columbus chartered one seventy-five-foot ship, the Santa Maria, and the Spanish city of Palos supplied two smaller caravels, the Pinta and Nina. From Palos this little squadron, with eighty-seven officers and men, set sail westward for
29、 what Columbus thought was Asia. The first leg of the journey went well, thanks to a strong trade wind. But then the breeze lagged, the days passed, and the crew began to grumble about their captains farfetched plan. To rally flagging morale, he reminded the crew of the dazzling riches awaiting them
30、. Yet skepticism remained rife, and he finally promised that the expedition would mm back if land were not sighted in three days. Early on October 12, 1492, after thirty-three days at sea, a lookout on the Santa Maria yelled “Tierra ! Tierra ! Land ! Land ! “ It was an island in the Bahamas that Col
31、umbus named San Salvador (Blessed Savior). According to Columbuss own reckoning he was near the Indies, so he called the island people los Indios. He described the Indians as naked people, “very well made, of very handsome bodies and very good faces.“ The Arawak Indians paddled out in dugout logs, w
32、hich they called canoes, and offered gifts to the strangers. Their warm generosity and docile temperament led Columbus to write in his journal that “they invite you to share anything that they possess, and show as much love as if their hearts went with it.“ Yet he added that “with fifty men they cou
33、ld all be subjugated and compelled to do anything one wishes.“（分数：60.00）_正确答案：()解析：1451 年，克里斯托夫哥伦布出生在一个意大利织工家庭。他从小就对航海着迷，自学了地理学、航海术和拉丁语，以此弥补没受过正规教育的缺憾。到了 15世纪 80年代，哥伦布已经是一位经验丰富的水手了，他身材高大，红头发，瘦长脸，面色红润，圆眼睛，高鼻梁。图片上美轮美奂的亚洲风光让哥伦布为之神往，于是他策划向西航行到印度群岛 (包括印度、中国、东印度群岛或日本)。葡萄牙、英格兰和法国朝廷对此没有兴趣，于是哥伦布便转向西班牙求助，得到了国
34、王斐迪南德和王后伊莎贝拉的支持。他自己还筹措了这次航海的很大一部分资金。传说王后抵押了自己王冠上的珠宝来资助他，纯属无稽之谈，这就和说哥伦布航海是为了证明地球是圆的一样荒谬。 哥伦布自己租了一条 75英尺长的船，船名叫“圣玛利亚”号，西班牙城市帕洛斯出了两条稍小的三桅帆船“平塔”号和“尼娜”号。这支 75人的队伍就从帕洛斯起航了，朝着哥伦布心目中的亚洲向西进发。起初贸易风强劲，船队顺风顺水，十分顺利。但接着风就不那么帮忙了，日子一天天过去，水手们开始抱怨船长的计划异想天开。为了鼓舞士气，哥伦布向大家描绘了一番金银财宝任取任拿的灿烂前景。尽管如此，大家仍心存疑虑。最后，他承诺，如果三天后还见不到
35、陆地，就打道回府。 1492 年 10月 12日一大早，在海上整整航行了 33天之后，“圣玛利亚”号上的嘹望员突然放声大喊：“啊!陆地!”那是巴哈马群岛的一座岛屿，哥伦布把它命名为圣萨尔瓦多 (意为“神圣的救世主”)。哥伦布自己估算，他差不多到了东印度群岛，所以管那儿的人叫印第安人。在他的描述中，印第安人浑身赤裸，“身体壮实，身材健美，长相标致”。阿拉瓦克印第安人划着挖空树干做成的独木舟，出来迎接，给这群陌生人献礼。他们慷慨热情，性情温顺，哥伦布在航海日记中写道，“他们倾其所有，邀君共享，一腔热忱，绝无保留。”他还写道，“只需 50人便足以降伏他们，任我差遣。”四、B/B(总题数：1，分数：4
36、0.00)22.1895年，中国在中日甲午战争中战败，陷入了深刻的国家危机，世界列强威胁要瓜分中国。那些忧患国家命运的知识分子要求改革，不仅工业和军事方面要改，政治体制也得改。康有为、梁启超和谭嗣同便是维新派的代表人物。 康有为会同一千三百多名举人联名上书光绪皇帝，要求维新变法。康有为主张以君主立宪制代替封建专制。康有为的学生梁启超协助撰写文章，宣传变法思想。相比之下，谭嗣同更为激进，撰写了仁学一书批驳传统思想。 维新派不断发表演说，出版论著，在报上撰文，阐明变法的必要性。中国的危急形势在一定程度上帮助了他们，当时的形势表明中国除了变法之外别无出路。但是，顽固派，在国内，尤其是在统治阶级中的势力仍然十分强大。他们极力反对变法，认为要变的是人，不是法，因为所有的错误都来自于人们的错误想法。 1898 年，康有为再次上书光绪皇帝。他谏言只有维新变法才能救国，不变法国家就要灭亡。这一次，光绪皇帝被说动了，赞同了康有为的观点和建议。1898 年 6月，他让康有为和其他一些变法派在政府中担任要职，并授权他们进行改革。 他们采取的主要是一些经济和教育改良措施，诸如鼓励工商业，设立学校，改革科举制度，裁撤一些不必要的政府机构。但是真正执掌大权的是以慈禧太后为首的顽固派，他们非常憎恨这些举措，强烈反对。在军队的协助下，慈禧于 9月发
