1、翻译三级笔译实务-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section 1: English-C(总题数：1，分数：60.00)1.The government has finally grown sick of claims that GCSEs and A-levels are being dumbed down, it seems. In his speech to the Labour Party conference on September 26th, Ed Balls, the schools secretary, said he would creat
2、e a new watchdog to oversee exams. The current regulator is to be broken in two, with one bit continuing to develop new syllabuses and qualifications and reporting to ministers. The other bit, independent of government and reporting directly to Parliament, is to guard against grade inflation.Mr. Bai
3、ls draws parallels with Gordon Browns first big step when he became chancellor in 1997. Relinquishing the Treasurys power to set interest rates to an independent body is still, ten years later, regarded as his finest hour. Mr. Balls, as his chief economic adviser at the time, was one of the architec
4、ts of that decision. Both men hope that the new exams watchdog will lead to similar plaudits.Britains secondary-school exam results have every reason to be upwardly mobile. The government wants voters to believe their children are getting a good education, so it is keen on high grades. Schools respo
5、nd by shopping around among exam boards for the easiest syllabuses and tests, and directing pupils towards the softest subjects. Exam boards navigate between losing the trust of universities and losing the patronage of schools. And the individuals setting and marking exams know that harshness may me
6、an fewer candidates in future.The new arrangements may ensure that, in schools at least, bad exams do not drive out good. But they will have no effect on universities, where grade inflation is also rife. Three-fifths of all students now get at least an upper second, and between 2002 and 2006 the pro
7、portion of first-class honours degrees crept up from 9.7% to 11%.There are also signs that the value of English degrees is being eroded on the international market. On September 25th the Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI), a think-tank, published the results of a survey of 15,000 English under
8、graduates. It turns out that they spend much less time studying than those elsewhere in Europe. The average English student puts in 26 hours a week: 14 taught hours and the rest on independent study, compared with 29 hours in Spain and 41 in Portugal. Nor is it that English students are skimping on
9、their studies to run to paid jobs ; students in other countries work harder outside university, too.HEPIs director, Bahrain Bekhradnia, cautions against a simplistic interpretation. Hours taught do not equal hours spent learning, he says, pointing out that tailored tutorials for small groups are lik
10、ely to transmit more knowledge than the lectures in enormous amphitheatres that are routine at some continental universities.But neither can the results be brushed away, he says. Foreign students may go elsewhere if they think an English undergraduate degree is content-light and poor value for money
11、. This would spell financial disaster for many cash-strapped English universities. In 2004-05, the last year for which figures are available, they received? 1.7 billion in foreign students fees.At first sight the results of the third National Student Survey, published on September 12th, make more ch
12、eerful reading. That found that four-fifths of all English students considered their university experience satisfactory. But Graham Gibbs of Oxford University puts a gloomy spin on even this. What these students may be satisfied with, he says, “is an education that makes comparatively low demands on
13、 them“. That is perhaps understandable: most undergraduates are not known for their work ethic. But it is short-sighted, both for them and their universities. After all, a currency can only trade for so long on its reputation.（分数：60.00）_二、Section 2 : Chinese-(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.人口普查官员说，并不是所有这些迁移都是为了离开
14、寒带，绵延不断的移民潮还有当年“生育高峰”时期出生的孩子已经到了生育年龄，这些因素都在起着作用。此外，人口统计学家发现，向南部和西部的不断迁移还伴随着一种与此相关却又与以往不同的现象：越来越多的美国人显然不再只是寻找有更多就业机会的地方，他们还在寻找人口稀少的地方。请看下面的例证：从区域上看，落基山脉附近各州的人口增长率最高有报告说，居住在这片广袤地带的人口仅占美国总人口的 5%，但自 1970 年开始，其增长率却上升到 37.1%。从各州情况看，内华达州和阿利桑那州是增长率最高的两个州，分别为 63.5%和 53.1%。除了佛罗里达州和德克萨斯州外，处于增长率前十位的是西部各州，共有 750
15、 万人口每平方英里大约 9 个人。逃离人口稠密地区的做法改变了过去一味要离开寒带地区到气候暖和地方去的趋势。1980 年人口普查的统计数字最充分地描绘出美国人迁往最西部是为了找到更广阔的生存空间。这样一来，70 年代加利福尼亚州人口增长最快，增加了 370 万。（分数：40.00）_翻译三级笔译实务-16 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section 1: English-C(总题数：1，分数：60.00)1.The government has finally grown sick of claims that GCSEs and A-levels are bein
16、g dumbed down, it seems. In his speech to the Labour Party conference on September 26th, Ed Balls, the schools secretary, said he would create a new watchdog to oversee exams. The current regulator is to be broken in two, with one bit continuing to develop new syllabuses and qualifications and repor
17、ting to ministers. The other bit, independent of government and reporting directly to Parliament, is to guard against grade inflation.Mr. Bails draws parallels with Gordon Browns first big step when he became chancellor in 1997. Relinquishing the Treasurys power to set interest rates to an independe
18、nt body is still, ten years later, regarded as his finest hour. Mr. Balls, as his chief economic adviser at the time, was one of the architects of that decision. Both men hope that the new exams watchdog will lead to similar plaudits.Britains secondary-school exam results have every reason to be upw
19、ardly mobile. The government wants voters to believe their children are getting a good education, so it is keen on high grades. Schools respond by shopping around among exam boards for the easiest syllabuses and tests, and directing pupils towards the softest subjects. Exam boards navigate between l
20、osing the trust of universities and losing the patronage of schools. And the individuals setting and marking exams know that harshness may mean fewer candidates in future.The new arrangements may ensure that, in schools at least, bad exams do not drive out good. But they will have no effect on unive
21、rsities, where grade inflation is also rife. Three-fifths of all students now get at least an upper second, and between 2002 and 2006 the proportion of first-class honours degrees crept up from 9.7% to 11%.There are also signs that the value of English degrees is being eroded on the international ma
22、rket. On September 25th the Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI), a think-tank, published the results of a survey of 15,000 English undergraduates. It turns out that they spend much less time studying than those elsewhere in Europe. The average English student puts in 26 hours a week: 14 taught
23、hours and the rest on independent study, compared with 29 hours in Spain and 41 in Portugal. Nor is it that English students are skimping on their studies to run to paid jobs ; students in other countries work harder outside university, too.HEPIs director, Bahrain Bekhradnia, cautions against a simp
24、listic interpretation. Hours taught do not equal hours spent learning, he says, pointing out that tailored tutorials for small groups are likely to transmit more knowledge than the lectures in enormous amphitheatres that are routine at some continental universities.But neither can the results be bru
25、shed away, he says. Foreign students may go elsewhere if they think an English undergraduate degree is content-light and poor value for money. This would spell financial disaster for many cash-strapped English universities. In 2004-05, the last year for which figures are available, they received? 1.
26、7 billion in foreign students fees.At first sight the results of the third National Student Survey, published on September 12th, make more cheerful reading. That found that four-fifths of all English students considered their university experience satisfactory. But Graham Gibbs of Oxford University
27、puts a gloomy spin on even this. What these students may be satisfied with, he says, “is an education that makes comparatively low demands on them“. That is perhaps understandable: most undergraduates are not known for their work ethic. But it is short-sighted, both for them and their universities.
28、After all, a currency can only trade for so long on its reputation.（分数：60.00）_正确答案：(泡沫破裂政府似乎最终厌倦了对中等教育证书考试和 A 级考试正在沉沦的报道。9 月 26 日，英国教育部长爱德鲍尔斯在工党会议的发言中说到：他将组建一个新的监管机构以监管考试体制。现有的监管委员会分成了两组。其中一组继续开发新的教学大纲和标准并向部长汇报；另一组则不受政府管辖，直接对议会进行报告，该小组主要责任在于防范考试分数的“通货膨胀”。1997 年，在戈登布朗担任财政部长时，鲍尔斯先生助其一臂之力，迈出重要一步。10 年后，
29、他放弃了财政大权，转而对建立独立机构表现出极大兴趣。那被认为是他最美好的时光。那时身兼戈登布朗的首席经济顾问的鲍尔斯先生正是促使他做出该决策的设计者之一。两人都希望新考试监管机构也能受到他人的赞扬。人们有充分理由相信英国中学的考试成绩大幅上升。政府希望选民相信他们的孩子接受的是良好教育，因此，分数自然也就很高。学校对此也做出相关反应，他们根据考试委员会颁布的大纲标准，到处选购最容易的教纲和试卷，并对学生的薄弱学科加以辅导。同时失去了大学信任和中学资助的考试委员会苟延残喘。试题命题人也知道试题过于粗制滥造可能会导致很多学校在将来的考核中纷纷下马。新的调整可能会保证，至少在学校里，差的考试机制不会
30、将好的学生淘汰出局。但新的调整对大学并没有任何影响，因为大学里分数的“通货膨胀”仍然横行。现在 3/5 的学生可以得到二等分数。2002 年到2006 年间，获得第一等荣誉学位的比例则由 9.7%上升到了 11%。同样也有迹象表明，英国学位在国际市场上也遭受贬值。9 月 25 日，智囊团高等教育政策研究院发布了有关 15,000 名英国大学生的研究结果。该结果显示：英国学生学习的时间远远少于欧洲任何国家的学生在学习方面所花的时间。每个英国学生平均每周花在学习上的时间只有 26 个小时，其中 14 个小时为上课时间，12 个小时为自习时间。而相比之下，欧洲大学生平均每周有 29 小时学习时间，葡
31、萄牙大学生是 41小时。是不是英国学生将本该学习的时间都花在了寻找兼职工作上面呢?其实并非如此，其他国家的学生也在校外努力干起兼职工作。高等教育政策研究院院长巴赫拉姆贝赫拉德尼警告说，对这个问题的解释并没有那么简单。他指出所有的上课时间并不代表学生学习时间。他指出：与一些欧洲大陆国家惯常的露天广场下的讲座相比，对小组学生量身定制的个别指导似乎能给学生传授更多的知识。他还表示研究的结果也不能不做考虑。外国学生如果认为英国大学学位的满意度低且所创造的价值偏低，那么他们就会选择去其他地方留学。而这对于那些资金匮乏的英国大学而言又是一场金融危机。在 2004至 2005 年间，去年的数据仍适用，他们从
32、留学生学费中获得 17 亿英镑的收入。乍看一眼 9 月 12 日发表的第三次全国学生调查研究便令人感到愉快。该研究发现 4/5 的英国学生对英国大学表示满意。但是，牛津大学的格雷厄姆吉布却对此表示担忧。他说道：学生们可能感到满意的“是一种对他们要求更低的教育”。这可能容易理解：大部分大学生们的职业操守不再为人所知。但这种做法无论是对他们自己还是对学校来说都是目光短浅的。毕竟，学校的兴盛只有凭借其名誉才可以实现。)解析：长难句分析1. Relinquishing the Treasurys power to set interest rates to an independent body is
33、 still, ten years later, regarded as his finest hour.译句 10 年后，他放弃了财政大权，转而对建立独立机构表现出极大兴趣。那被认为是他最美好的时光。句子结构分析 该句主干为“Relinquishing the Treasurys power to set interest rates to an independent body is still regarded as his finest hour”；ten years later 为插入语，在句中作时间状语。2. Hours taught do not equal hours spen
34、t learning, he says, pointing out that tailored tutorials for small groups are likely to transmit more knowledge than the lectures in enormous amphitheatres that are routine at some continental universities. 译句 他指出：与一些欧洲大陆国家惯常的露天广场下的讲座相比，对小组学生量身定制的个别指导似乎能给学生传授更多的知识。句子结构分析 该句主干为“Hours taught do not e
35、qual hours spent learning.”he says 为插入语；pointing out that.为伴随状语，that 引导宾语从句，作 pointing out 的宾语；more.than.为比较级结构；that 引导定语从句，修饰 amphitheatres。3. Foreign students may go elsewhere if they think an English undergraduate degree is content-light and poor value for money.译句 外国学生如果认为英国大学学位的满意度低且所创造的价值偏低，那么
36、他们就会选择去其他地方留学。句子结构分析 该句主干为“Foreign students may go elsewhere”；if 引导条件状语从句；an English undergraduate degree is content-light and poor value for money 为省略引导词 that 的宾语从句。二、Section 2 : Chinese-(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.人口普查官员说，并不是所有这些迁移都是为了离开寒带，绵延不断的移民潮还有当年“生育高峰”时期出生的孩子已经到了生育年龄，这些因素都在起着作用。此外，人口统计学家发现，向南部和西部的不断迁移
37、还伴随着一种与此相关却又与以往不同的现象：越来越多的美国人显然不再只是寻找有更多就业机会的地方，他们还在寻找人口稀少的地方。请看下面的例证：从区域上看，落基山脉附近各州的人口增长率最高有报告说，居住在这片广袤地带的人口仅占美国总人口的 5%，但自 1970 年开始，其增长率却上升到 37.1%。从各州情况看，内华达州和阿利桑那州是增长率最高的两个州，分别为 63.5%和 53.1%。除了佛罗里达州和德克萨斯州外，处于增长率前十位的是西部各州，共有 750 万人口每平方英里大约 9 个人。逃离人口稠密地区的做法改变了过去一味要离开寒带地区到气候暖和地方去的趋势。1980 年人口普查的统计数字最充
38、分地描绘出美国人迁往最西部是为了找到更广阔的生存空间。这样一来，70 年代加利福尼亚州人口增长最快，增加了 370 万。（分数：40.00）_正确答案：(Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say, nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too, and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterdays “baby boom“ generation reached
39、 its child bearing years.Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer phenomenon: more and more Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances Regionally, the Rocky Mountain states repo
40、rted the most rapid growth rate, 37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population. Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except for Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of western states with 7.
41、5 million peopleabout 9 per square mile.The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state.)解析：
