1、翻译三级口译实务模拟 13 及答案解析(总分:59.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Part (总题数:1,分数:20.00)1.A:今天,我们非常高兴地欢迎“神舟六号”载人航天代表团以及各位航天科学家来与我们见面。 B:Well,the two Chinese astronauts have toured space on board Shenzhou-6 and conducted experiments during their flightPeople have been following the mission with great interestToday,I am very
2、excited to meet the two astronauts face to face A:确实,中国从 1992 年启动载人航天工程以来,在航天技术上取得了突破性的进展,在短短 13 年里,一跃成为能够掌握载人航天技术的少数几个国家之一。这些成果令整个中华民族引以为傲。 B:I listened to the speech by Colonel Yang Liwei,the first Chinese astronaut,in 2003,and I feel privileged to have this one more opportunity to pay respects to
3、 your space heroes and share the joys of their Success A:今天,“神舟六号”载人航天代表团还给我们带来了两套内容丰富的影片,包括航天员的日常训练情况和神舟六号的飞行情况,使我们得以重温那些历史性的时刻。 B:The Success of Shenzhou-6 marks a new era in China“s scientific and technological developmentI sincerely hope that there will be continued and tremendous success in the
4、 space flight industry of your country (分数:20.00)_二、Part (总题数:1,分数:-1.00)2.This is a terrible disease, for which we do not yet have a cure. Nor do we have a vaccine. Meanwhile, the mortality rate for AIDS is 100 percent. AIDS means that the immune system of a person has gone wrong. The immune system
5、 is the biological system in your body which fights off diseases. This system is composed mostly of what are commonly termed “white blood cells.“ These cells are the hunters in the body. When a virus, such as the common cold, invades the body, the white blood cells rush to the invader and kill it. W
6、hile these blood cells are busy killing an invader, the body“s immune system is said to “be under attack.“ If another virus or bacteria enters the body at the same time as the white blood cells are busy fighting off an invader, the second attacker has a better chance of injuring the rest of the body
7、“s system. Scientists found the virus that causes AIDS and named it HIV. The HIV virus attacks the white blood cells and kills them, thus preventing these white cells from carrying on their important work of killing the other invading viruses. We cannot tell if a person has an HIV infection just by
8、looking at him. And here lies part of the problem about the spread of HIV infection among people. For at least the first few years after a person has contracted the HIV virus, there are no indications that the person has the HIV virus in his/her bloodstream. However, during this time the person carr
9、ying the virus can pass it onto other people through intimate sexual relations or sharing blood with them. Then how do we know if we have HIV or not? The answer is simple. Have an HIV blood test. This simple, painless AIDS test will take only a few minutes of your time, and, if you are at all in dou
10、bt about whether you might have contracted the HIV virus, it is a life-saving endeavor. (分数:-1.00)_三、Part (总题数:1,分数:40.00)3.很高兴在这次教育国际论坛上与大家交流我对 21 世纪教育的看法。21 世纪,我们看到知识成了创造力和财富的源泉。知识能通过网络分享,我们生活在一个由网络连通的智慧时代。我们分享资源并形成各种伙伴关系。知识与经验的交流和分享创造了一个互惠互利的共同进步的环境。 在 21 世纪,创造和运用知识是竞争的关键,也是国家繁荣和积累财富的关键。这要求国民在工作中
11、不断积累知识,提高技术水平。国民必须接受多层次的教育与培训,而最根本的做法就是普及教育,也就是让人人都获得接受教育的机会。而要达到普及教育的目的,我们必须通过“开放式学习”方法和技术来扩大教育范围,极大地增加学生接受教育的机会。 在开放式学习系统里,学生能学会如何成功地参与团队活动。在这样的团队活动中,学生能够互动,谦虚倾听别人的见解,学会尊重他人的观点,同时也培养批判性思维的能力。 在经济全球化的背景下,我们看到有更多的跨经济、跨国界的合作伙伴出现。一个国家要在经济全球化的竞争中取胜,必须为其公民提供普及教育以优化个人对社会的贡献。而普及教育只有在开放式学习中才能实现。 (分数:40.00)
12、_翻译三级口译实务模拟 13 答案解析(总分:59.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Part (总题数:1,分数:20.00)1.A:今天,我们非常高兴地欢迎“神舟六号”载人航天代表团以及各位航天科学家来与我们见面。 B:Well,the two Chinese astronauts have toured space on board Shenzhou-6 and conducted experiments during their flightPeople have been following the mission with great interestToday,I am very
13、excited to meet the two astronauts face to face A:确实,中国从 1992 年启动载人航天工程以来,在航天技术上取得了突破性的进展,在短短 13 年里,一跃成为能够掌握载人航天技术的少数几个国家之一。这些成果令整个中华民族引以为傲。 B:I listened to the speech by Colonel Yang Liwei,the first Chinese astronaut,in 2003,and I feel privileged to have this one more opportunity to pay respects to
14、 your space heroes and share the joys of their Success A:今天,“神舟六号”载人航天代表团还给我们带来了两套内容丰富的影片,包括航天员的日常训练情况和神舟六号的飞行情况,使我们得以重温那些历史性的时刻。 B:The Success of Shenzhou-6 marks a new era in China“s scientific and technological developmentI sincerely hope that there will be continued and tremendous success in the
15、 space flight industry of your country (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:A: It is our great pleasure to welcome Shenzhou- 6 manned spacecraft delegation and all the space scientists today. B: 是的,两位中国船天员乘坐“神舟六号”遨游太空,在太空飞行中进行各项实验。人们对于这次太空使命表现了浓厚的兴趣。今天,我可以跟两位航天员见面,心情非常兴奋。 A: Indeed, since China began the manned spa
16、ce program in 1992, China has made significant breakthroughs in the development of space technology. In only 13 years, China has become one of the few countries to master manned space flight technology. The entire Chinese nation is proud of these achievements. B: 我在 2003 年曾听过贵国首位航天员杨利伟上校的讲话,今天能再一次目睹
17、贵国航天英雄的风采,分享他们成功的喜悦,感到非常荣幸。 A: Today,the delegation of Shenzhou-6 manned space flight mission has also brought us two informative filmsThey feature the training of the astronauts,and the space mission of Shenzhou-6. These films will bring back to us all those memorable historic moments B: “神舟六号”的成功,
18、标志着中国已经进入了一个科技发展的新时期。我衷心祝愿贵国航天事业的发展一日千里。 解析 本文是一篇关于中国航天技术和“神舟六号”载人航天工程的对话。要求应试者掌握一些航天飞行的基础知识和专业词汇。此外,应试者还需要在较短的时间内,理解、分析、简化或切分长难句,避免从句堆积;对于一些较为生僻的词汇,不能死译、硬译,而应该在理解的基础上意泽;做交替传译时,在忠实原文意思的基础上,可以在结构上进行一些变化,以达到通顺的效果。同时,还应该注意上下文的衔接。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇对话考查的基础知识点,涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等,是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1神州六号 She
19、nzhou-6 2astronaut 航天员 3航天技术 space technology 4航天代表团 spacecraft delegation 5载人航天工程 manned space programme 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句,要求应试者迅速理解句子大意,分析出句子中所包含的意群,转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中,应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1今天,我们非常高兴地欢迎“神舟六号”载人航天代表团以及各位航天科学家来与我们见面。 原句的句子主干分析如下:(主语)我们+(谓语)欢迎+(宾语)科学家。英汉思维方式不同,
20、汉语注重主体性叙述,英语兼顾主体性、客体性叙述,倾向于客体性叙述。根据这一差异,在翻译时,需要进行变通,原文用人称代词“我们”充当主语,译文可以用客观事实“欢迎科学家”充当主语,同时,为了保证结构上的平衡,需要使用“it”作形式主语,真正的主语用不定式表示,移至句末。 2Well,the two Chinese astronauts have toured space on board Shenzhou-6 and conducted experiments during their flight. 原文句子结构分析如下:(主语)astronauts+(谓语 1)have toured+(宾语
21、 1) space+(连接词)and+(谓语 2) have conducted+(宾语 2) experiments。原句是由“and”连接的一个并列句,有两个互不依从的主谓结构。诸如“and”等连接词是应试者做笔记的重要引导词,需要注意。原句中的“on board Shenzhou-6”是方式状语,翻译时,应该移至谓语之前。 3确实,中国从 1992 年启动载人航天工程以来,在航天技术上取得了突破性的进展,在短短 13 年里,一跃成为能够掌握载人航天技术的少数几个国家之一。原句句子结构分析如下:(主语)中国+(动宾 1)取得了进展+(动宾 2)成为了少数几个国家之一。处理这个长句的关键在于
22、两个动宾结构,翻译时,可以将这两个动宾结构分解为两个句子。 4I listened to the speech by Colonel Yang Liwei,the first Chinese astronaut,in 2003,and I feel privileged to have this one more opportunity to pay respects to your space heroes and share the joys of their success. 原句句子结构分析如下:(主语)I+(谓语 1)listened to+(宾语 1)the speech +(连接
23、词)and+(谓语 2)feel privileged+(宾语 2)to have opportunity。原句是两个主谓结构组成的一个并列句。根据汉语表达习惯,翻译时,时间状语“in 2003”需要提前。 5The success of Shenzhou-6 marks a new era in China“s scientific and technological development. 原句句子结构分析如下:(主语)the success+(谓语)marks+(宾语)a new era。英汉思维方式不同,英语注重静态表达,汉语注重动态表达,在翻译时,可以采取增词译法,增加动词“进入”
24、。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思,还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1space hero 航天英雄 2tour space 遨游太空 3启动 begin 4space flight industry 航天事业 5突破性进展 significant breakthroughs 6feel privileged to. 对感到荣幸 7pay respects to. 目睹风采 8share the joys of their success 分享他们成功的喜悦 9历史性时刻 historic moments 10a new era 新时期二、Pa
25、rt (总题数:1,分数:-1.00)2.This is a terrible disease, for which we do not yet have a cure. Nor do we have a vaccine. Meanwhile, the mortality rate for AIDS is 100 percent. AIDS means that the immune system of a person has gone wrong. The immune system is the biological system in your body which fights of
26、f diseases. This system is composed mostly of what are commonly termed “white blood cells.“ These cells are the hunters in the body. When a virus, such as the common cold, invades the body, the white blood cells rush to the invader and kill it. While these blood cells are busy killing an invader, th
27、e body“s immune system is said to “be under attack.“ If another virus or bacteria enters the body at the same time as the white blood cells are busy fighting off an invader, the second attacker has a better chance of injuring the rest of the body“s system. Scientists found the virus that causes AIDS
28、 and named it HIV. The HIV virus attacks the white blood cells and kills them, thus preventing these white cells from carrying on their important work of killing the other invading viruses. We cannot tell if a person has an HIV infection just by looking at him. And here lies part of the problem abou
29、t the spread of HIV infection among people. For at least the first few years after a person has contracted the HIV virus, there are no indications that the person has the HIV virus in his/her bloodstream. However, during this time the person carrying the virus can pass it onto other people through i
30、ntimate sexual relations or sharing blood with them. Then how do we know if we have HIV or not? The answer is simple. Have an HIV blood test. This simple, painless AIDS test will take only a few minutes of your time, and, if you are at all in doubt about whether you might have contracted the HIV vir
31、us, it is a life-saving endeavor. (分数:-1.00)_正确答案:()解析:这是一种可怕的疾病。对于这种病我们至今还没找到治疗方法,也没有预防的疫苗。与此同时,目前艾滋病的死亡率几乎为 100%。 得了艾滋病意味着一个人的免疫系统出了毛病。免疫系统是人体内与疾病抗争的生物系统。这一系统主要是由我们通常所称的“白血球”构成的。 这些白血球是体内的猎人。如果一种病毒,如普通感冒病毒,侵入人体内,白血球就会奋起迎击,杀死他们。 当白血球忙于与这些入侵者作战时,体内的免疫系统便处于“受到攻击”状态。这时,如果另一种病毒或细菌也侵入体内,这第二位入侵者会更容易使身体的其
32、他系统受到损害。 科学家已发现了引起艾滋病的病毒,叫做 HIV。这种病毒攻击并杀死白血球,使他们无法执行抵御入侵病毒的重要使命。 仅仅凭肉眼观察,我们并不能分辨出一个人是否感染上了 HIV。这也就是 HIV 能在两个人或更多的人中得以传播的部分原因。因为一个健康的人感染上 HIV 病毒以后,至少在最初的几年里没有任何迹象表明他/她的血液里有 HIV 病毒。 然而在这一时期,这个带有病毒的人却能通过性行为或输血把病毒传染给他人。 那么,我们怎样才能知道自己是否受到了 HIV 的感染呢?答案很简单:去做一个 HIV 血液检验。这种简单的检验只需花你几分钟的时间。如果你对自己是否感染了 HIV 病毒
33、心存疑虑,去做一个血液检查乃是救生之举。三、Part (总题数:1,分数:40.00)3.很高兴在这次教育国际论坛上与大家交流我对 21 世纪教育的看法。21 世纪,我们看到知识成了创造力和财富的源泉。知识能通过网络分享,我们生活在一个由网络连通的智慧时代。我们分享资源并形成各种伙伴关系。知识与经验的交流和分享创造了一个互惠互利的共同进步的环境。 在 21 世纪,创造和运用知识是竞争的关键,也是国家繁荣和积累财富的关键。这要求国民在工作中不断积累知识,提高技术水平。国民必须接受多层次的教育与培训,而最根本的做法就是普及教育,也就是让人人都获得接受教育的机会。而要达到普及教育的目的,我们必须通过
34、“开放式学习”方法和技术来扩大教育范围,极大地增加学生接受教育的机会。 在开放式学习系统里,学生能学会如何成功地参与团队活动。在这样的团队活动中,学生能够互动,谦虚倾听别人的见解,学会尊重他人的观点,同时也培养批判性思维的能力。 在经济全球化的背景下,我们看到有更多的跨经济、跨国界的合作伙伴出现。一个国家要在经济全球化的竞争中取胜,必须为其公民提供普及教育以优化个人对社会的贡献。而普及教育只有在开放式学习中才能实现。 (分数:40.00)_正确答案:()解析:I“m very happy to speak at this international forum on education and
35、 share with you my idea of education in the 21st century. In the 21st century, we realize that creativity and wealth flow from knowledge. Knowledge can be shared on the Internet, because we are living in an age, in which everything is linked by the Internet, sharing resources and forming partnership
36、s. Knowledge and experience are exchanged to create an environment of mutual benefit and common progress. In the 21st century, creating and using knowledge is the key to being competitive and to national prosperity and wealth accumulation. This requires people to continually accumulate knowledge and
37、 improve skills in their work. They must receive multi-level education and training. The basic means is to make education universal or to let everyone have the opportunity to receive education. To make education universal, it is essential to apply the “Open Learning“ approach and technology to exten
38、d the reach of education and greatly increase students“ access to it. In an open-learning system, students learn how to successfully participate in teams. When students interact in teams, they learn to listen attentively with an open mind and treat each other“s ideas with respect. Meanwhile, they de
39、velop the capability of critical thinking. With economic globalization, we see a growing number of cross-economy and cross-border partnerships. For a country to successfully compete against the background of economic globalization, it must provide universal education to its citizens in order to enab
40、le each individual to make more contributions to society. And universal education can only be achieved under an open-learning system. 解析 本文是一段关于开放式学习的讲话,讲话人强调了 21 世纪普及教育的重要性,并提出通过“开放式学习”来扩大教育范围。 本文要求应试者了解一些教育方面的基础背景知识、常用词汇等。汉语是意合语言,通过意义本身保持句子间、句子内的联系,没有严格的语法限制,汉语少用连接成分,英语主要通过词汇手段来完成句子间、句子内的联系。在转化为英语
41、时,需要注意变通,增加连接词汇。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点,涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等,是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1教育国际论坛 international forum on education 2网络分享 shared on the Internet 3普及教育 make education universal 4开放式学习 open learning 5经济全球化 economic globalization 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句,要求应试者迅速理解句子大意,分析出句子中所包含的意群,转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过
42、程中,应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1知识能通过网络分享,我们生活在一个由网络连通的智慧时代。我们分享资源并形成各种伙伴关系。 原文的句子之间、句子内部各成分之间是通过意义来连接的,根据汉英两种语言的差异,翻译时,需要通过词汇手段来实现这种连接,因此,需要采取增词译法,增加一些连接词语。第一句中的两个分句隐藏着因果联系,翻译时,可以增加连接词“because”。 2在 21 世纪,创造和运用知识是竞争的关键,也是国家繁荣和积累财富的关键。原文句子主干分析如下:1)创造和运用知识是关键;2)“竞争”、“国家繁荣”、“积累财富”是“关键”的前置定语,翻
43、译时,应该移至被修饰语后面,充当补语。 3国民必须接受多层次的教育与培训,而最根本的做法就是普及教育,也就是让人人都获得接受教育的机会。 原句有两套主谓结构,分别是:1)国民必须接受;和 2)做法是,也就是。翻译时,在译文中,可以将这个句子拆分为两个句子。 4在这样的团队活动中,学生能够互动,谦虚倾听别人的见解,学会尊重他人的观点,同时也培养批判性思维的能力。 原句中“互动”、“倾听”、“学会尊重”等动词的主体是“学生”,“培养”的主体是“团队活动”,翻译时,应该先分析这些动词内在的联系,分清层次。 5一个国家要在经济全球化的竞争中取胜,必须为其公民提供普及教育以优化个人对社会的贡献。 原句句
44、子的主干是:1)国家要取胜,必须提供普及教育;2)提供普及教育是取胜的必要条件。翻译时,“国家要取胜”可以使用不定式,在译文中充当目的状语。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思,还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1互利互惠 mutual benefit 2共同进步 common progress 3国家繁荣 national prosperity 4积累财富 wealth accumulation 5提高技术水平 improve skills 6多层次教育与培训 multi-level education and training 7互动 interact 8批判性思维 critical thinking 9跨经济 cross-economy 10跨国界 crossborder