1、大学英语四级阅读-1 及答案解析(总分：900.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B强化训练一/B(总题数：1，分数：90.00)An investigator into the drug overdose(服药过量) death of Marilyn Monroe(玛莲梦露) 43 years ago Friday still is not convinced she killed herself. John W. Miner, who investigated Monroes death as a Los Angeles County prosecutor, claims Monroes p
2、sychologist, Dr. Ralph Greenson, played him secret audiotapes made by the star during one of her therapy sessions U(1) /U before her death. A key U(2) /U of the alleged (所谓的) tapes, according to Miner, is that Monroe was not U(3) /U and was actively planning to become a serious Shakespearean actress
3、. Miner says he took careful, handwritten notes of the tapes and later produced a near-exact transcript. There is no U(4) /U Miners claims are true, since Dr. Greenson is now dead and no one else claims to have heard the tape.“You are the only person who will ever know the most U(5) /U thoughts of M
4、arilyn Monroe,“ she allegedly told her doctor. In Miners transcript, Monroe discussed her plans to U(6) /U Shakespeare. “No U(7) /U person could possibly think that the person who made those tapes killed herself,“ Miner said. She also may have recorded her feelings about having to U(8) /U off her ro
5、mance (罗曼史) with Robert Kennedy. “There is no room in my life for him,“ she allegedly said. “I guess I dont have the U(9) /U to face up to it and hurt him. I want someone else to tell him its over. I tried to get the President to do it, but I couldnt U(10) /U him.“A proof I revelationB reasonable J
6、pursueC postpone K courageD secret L constantlyE bold M depressedF break N assignmentG optimistic O reachH shortly（分数：90.00）(1).（分数：9.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSection B/B(总题数：2，分数：90.00)BPassage One/BOnly special plants can survive the terrible clim
7、ate of a desert, for these are regions where the annual range of the soil temperature can be over 75. Furthermore, during the summer there are few clouds in the sky to protect plants from the suns ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds which drive small sharp particl
8、es of sand into the plants, tearing and damaging them. The most difficult problem for all forms of plant life, however, is the fact that the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring.Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long
9、, hot, dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds remain inactive unless the right mount of rain falls, If no rain falls, or if insufficient rain falls, they wait until the next year. or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are s
10、hort. By the time that the water from the spring rains disappears-just a few weeks after it fall-such plants no longer need ally.The perennials(多年生植物) have special features which enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus, nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below
11、ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large root network enables the plant to absorb as much water as possible in a short time. The small shoot system, on the other hand, considerably limits water loss by evaporation(蒸发).Another feature of many desert perennials is that after the rainy s
12、eason they lose their leaves in preparation for the long, dry season, just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in preparation for the winter. This reduces their water loss by evaporation during the dry season. Then, in the next rainy season, they come fully alive once more, and grow new branches
13、, leaves and flowers, just as the grasses and flowers in desert do.（分数：45.00）(1).Ordinary plants cannot survive the desert weather as a result of the following EXCEPT for _.（分数：9.00）A.the strong windsB.the long summer daysC.the strong suns rayD.the high soil temperature(2).Some grasses and flowers c
14、an survive in the desert because _.（分数：9.00）A.they need little water for their survivalB.they bear long roots and the seeds are fit for dry weatherC.they stay in the form of seeds to wait for the right amount of waterD.with long roots, they do not depend on the shoot system to get enough water(3).We
15、 can learn from the passage that the shoot system of the perennials _.（分数：9.00）A.can help the perennials absorb less of the suns rayB.decides the appearance of the perennials in desertC.limits the function of the perennials branchesD.may prevent the perennials from losing much water(4).According to
16、the passage, spring is the best time for plants in desert _.（分数：9.00）A.to find a shady placeB.to reduce water lossC.to get water from their growthD.to enjoy the sunshine(5).The last paragraph is mainly about _.（分数：9.00）A.the comparison between plants in different areasB.the growth of new leaves in t
17、he rainy seasonC.water loss by evaporation in the dry seasonD.the changes in the leaves of the perennialsBPassage Two/BE1 Nino is a disturbance of the worlds normal climate pattern. During El Nino events, the westerly trade winds become slower and the warmer water in the western Pacific moves toward
18、s South America. This huge increase in ocean temperatures-as much as eight degrees centigrade-and the change in atmospheric conditions bring rain to the deserts of South America and the rainforests of south-east Asia, with drought conditions throughout eastern and southern Africa. There are many kno
19、ck-on effects all over the world.The home of El Nino is Peru. El Nino, “the Christ Child“, was first named by Peruvian fishermen one Christmas when they noticed unusual warm currents affecting the Pacific coast of South America. Up and down the country, from desert m highlands, E1 Nino weather pheno
20、mena have brought destructive floods, costing 200 million in immediate and long-term damage, and undoing the work of many development projects.“The dastruction is near total,“ Dominic Brain, a worker for Christian Aid reported. “Few of the houses could withstand the floodwater. Today I visited Acoma
21、yo, a shantytown (贫民区) where 17,500 people once live. Now only ten percent of the houses are still standing. The bulk of the population has lost all their possessions.The town of Ica seldom sees rain. Houses for the poor are built of adobe-sun- baked mud standing side by side in long terraces. When
22、the River Ica burst its banks in late January, 15,000 houses were swiftly flooded. Up to 5,000 houses were destroyed-a sign not only of the force of the river, which loosened huge rocks and swept them falling down born the Andean mountains, but of the vulnerability of the homes which hardly ever fac
23、e rain. “They melted like chocolate,“ exclaimed an eye witness. “The extent of the damage was terrible!“Almost immediately health became a problem. Without proper plumbing(排水), waste matter rose to the surface of the floodwaters. People received cuts walking through the floodwater and mud Cholera-ep
24、idemic in Peru in the early nineties- returned, with 90 reported cases in Ica province alone. The entire city seems to have drowned-first in floodwaters 1.5 meters high, and then in mud. Sadly, three people lost their lives, sucked into the floodwaters, but it was a miracle that there were not more
25、casualties(伤亡者).（分数：45.00）(1).E1 Nino is a warm ocean current _.（分数：9.00）A.which centers on America and AfricaB.which kills many people ever timeC.which was named by an AmericanD.which has side-effects all over the world(2).It can be inferred from the passage that El Nino first appeared in _.（分数：9.0
26、0）A.PacificB.South AmericaC.AfricaD.Peru(3).Houses in Ica experienced terrible destruction during the E1 Nino event because _.（分数：9.00）A.tile El Nino event was the strongestB.it seldom rained thereC.the houses couldnt stand the floodD.E1 Nino was unexpected(4).How did the three people in lea lose th
27、eir lives?（分数：9.00）A.They died in the collapsed houses.B.They died of an epidemic.C.They were carried away by the flood.D.They tried to walk in the floodwater.(5).This passage is devoted to introduction to _.（分数：9.00）A.the causes and effects of E1 Nino weather phenomenaB.the worldwide monitoring net
28、work set up to predict E1 NinoC.the relationship between the ocean temperatures and climate patternsD.E1 Nino phenomena and destructive effects of one E1 Nino event on lea三、B强化训练二/B(总题数：1，分数：90.00)An international committee of doctors says that the number of cases of brain diseases in developing cou
29、ntries is rising. The doctors were reporting the U(1) /U for the Uinted States National Academy of Sciences. They say that brain diseases U(2) /U at least 250 million people in the developing world. These diseases include strokes(中风), epilepsy (癫痫) and U(3) /U sickness such as schizophrenia (精神分裂症)
30、and depression (抑郁症). They also include U(4) /U development of the nervous system, which causes mental slowness and cerebral palsy(脑瘫).Doctor Murthy says there are two reasons for this. One is a lack of money. The other is a lack of human U(5) /U. For example, a recent study shows that doctors who U
31、(6) /U mental sicknesses are not enough in most developing countries. Another U(7) /U to action against brain diseases is the unfair way in which the public acts toward victims. Many victims of brain diseases are treated U(8) /U.The committee say there are effective and U(9) /U cost medical treatmen
32、ts for these diseases. Yet these treatments are not often provided in developing countries. The committee says more treatments should be offered to poor countries. It says health care systems in developing countries should provide mental health services for their people. The committee says efforts s
33、hould be made to increase public U(10) /U of brain diseases. Finally, the committee says national research programs should be established to study brain diseases.A understanding I physicalB treat J barrierC resume K mentalD poorly L richlyE affect M lowF promotion N informationG abnormal O resources
34、H interest（分数：90.00）(1).（分数：9.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、BSection B/B(总题数：2，分数：90.00)BPassage One/BCheating is nothing new. But today, education and administrations are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become m
35、ore frequent- and are less likely to be punished-than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among todays youth. Others have attri
36、buted increased cheating to the fact that todays youth are far more pragmatic(实际的) than their idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about changing the world, todays students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interview
37、s with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating bad become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. “People
38、 are competitive,“ said a second-year college student named Anna, from Chicago. “Theres an underlying fear. If you dont do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from yourself. To achieve. To succeed. Its almost as though we have to outdo other p
39、eople to achieve our own goals.“Edward Wynne, editor of a magazine blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English Department at Amarillo sees the matter differently, blamin
40、g the rise in cheating on the way students evaluated. “I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated,“ Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can synth
41、esize information, students will try to beat the system. “The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individuals whos doing it,“ he said. “Thats too easy an answer. Weve got to start looking at the system.“（分数：45.00）(1
42、).Educators are finding that students who cheat _.（分数：9.00）A.have poor academic recordsB.use the information in late yearsC.are more likely to be punished than beforeD.can be academically weak or strong(2).According to the passage, which of the following statements is tree?（分数：9.00）A.Punishment is a
43、n effective method of stopping cheating.B.A change in the educational system will eliminate the need to cheat.C.Students do not cheat on essay tests.D.The problem of student cheating has its roots in deeper problems.(3).Which of the following statements reflects information in the passage?（分数：9.00）A
44、.The student who cheats must be at fault because the system is correct.B.The 1960s vision of changing the world led students to conform.C.Punishment for cheaters has always been severe in this country.D.The educational system and its administrators are partly to blame for the rise in the cheating.(4
45、).The phrase “the individuals“ in Line 9, Para.3 refers to “_“.（分数：9.00）A.teachers who are too hesitant to take actions against cheatingB.students who practice cheatingC.parents who put pressure on their childrenD.school administrators who approve of short-answer tests(5).The author probably would a
46、gree with the point of view that _.（分数：9.00）A.parents alone must take responsibility for the rise in student cheatingB.the educational system is sound, and students must follow every ruleC.the educational system in this country would benefit from a thorough evaluationD.students who cheat should be e
47、xpelled from schoolBPassage Two/BTime and how we experience it have puzzled physicists who have created fascinating theories. But their time is measured by a pendulum (钟摆) and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar. As someone who understood the distinction observed, “When you sit with a girl for two hours, it seems like a minute, but when you sit on hot stove, a minute seems like two hours.“Psychologists have noticed that larger units
