1、大学英语四级综合-32 及答案解析(总分：180.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Unit 3(总题数：4，分数：180.00)Passage One“In this study, we found that the household media environment was related to a child% academic achievement, “ said Dina Borzekowski, EdD, lead author of the study and assistant professor in the Department of Population and Fa
2、mily Health Sciences at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. “ Among these third graders, we saw that even when controlling for the parents education level, the childs gender and the amount of media used per week, those who had bedroom TV sets scored around 8 points lower on math and language arts
3、 tests and 7 points lower on reading tests. A home computer showed the opposite relationship-children with access to a home computer had scores that were around 6 points higher on the math and the language arts test and 4 points higher on the reading test, controlling for the same variables. “The st
4、udy followed a diverse group of third-grade students from six schools in northern California. During the course of a school year, nearly 400 students and their parents were asked to report on the types of media available in the home, including television, videotapes, computers and video games, as we
5、ll as how often the child used them. The childrens math, reading and language arts skills were tested twice over the year using the Stanford Achievement Test.Overall, children who had a television set in the bedroom but did not have a computer at home scored the lowest, while students without TV in
6、the bedroom but with access to a computer at home scored the highest. Students who gained a television in the bedroom over the course of the school year scored lower in all areas than those who had their TV taken away during the same period. The researchers did not find a consistent negative associa
7、tion between test scores and the amount of television watched per week.“Educators and parents are looking for ways to improve childrens standardized test scores. This study suggests that something as logical and straightforward as taking TV sets out of kids bedrooms, or not putting them there in the
8、 first place, may be a solution, “ said the co-author of the study, Thomas N. Robinson, MD, MPH, an associate professor of pediatrics and medicine at Stanford University and director of the Center for Healthy Weight at Lucile Packard Childrens Hospital at Stanford. “While this study does not prove t
9、hat bedroom TV sets caused the lower test scores, it adds to accumulating data that kids shouldnt have TVs in their bedrooms. It also suggests that investing in a home computer for a child to use may be an additional strategy to help your childs test scores. The best combination was having both: no
10、TV in the bedroom and also a home computer to use. “ /（分数：45.00）(1).“The same variables“ at the end of the first paragraph refer to _（分数：9.00）A.household media and childrens academic achievementB.the number of TV sets a family hasC.the parents education level, the childs gender and the amount of med
11、ia used per weekD.math tests, language arts tests and reading tests(2).According to the passage, the household media involved in the study include_（分数：9.00）A.only TV sets and computersB.only TV sets and video gamesC.computers, videotapes, video games and radiosD.TV sets, computers, videotapes and vi
12、deo games(3).What did the researchers say about the television?（分数：9.00）A.It may not necessarily lead to bad academic performance.B.It may cause the lowest test scores.C.It should be avoided by school children.D.It has direct relationship with lower test scores.(4).Thomas N. Robinson thought that th
13、e best way to improve childrens test scores was_（分数：9.00）A.to put a TV set in childrens bedroomsB.to put both a computer and a TV set in childrens bedroomsC.to provide children with computersD.to let children use computers while there was no TV in the bedroom(5).The most suitable title for the passa
14、ge is _（分数：9.00）A.The Influence of TV Sets in BedroomsB.The Influence of Computers in BedroomsC.The Influence of Household MediaD.Childrens Academic PerformancePassage TwoThere is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified colunms. It is sometimes placed a
15、mong “situations vacant“, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted“, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application“, or “Make use of our
16、 long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history“, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curricu
17、lum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams“, was about the average level of advice offered
18、to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, and everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were avai
19、lable for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your searc
20、h is over. I am the person you are looking for“, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview. There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the pr
21、ocess of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.（分数：45.00）(1).The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns_（分数：9.00）A.informs job hunters of the opportunities availableB.promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employmentC.d
22、ivides available jobs into various typesD.informs employers of the people available for work(2).Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because_（分数：9.00）A.there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB.there are so many top level jobs availableC.there are so m
23、any people out of workD.the job history is considered to be a work of art(3).In the past it was expected that first job hunters would _（分数：9.00）A.write an initial letter giving their life historyB.pass some exams before applying for a jobC.have no qualifications other than being able to read and wri
24、teD.keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview(4).Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter_（分数：9.00）A.something that would distinguish one from other applicantsB.hinted information about the personality of the applicantC.one
25、s advantages over others in applying for the jobD.an occasional trick with the aggressive approach(5).The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because_（分数：9.00）A.there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertisedB.there has been an increase in the number of applicants with
26、 degreesC.jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadaysD.the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicatedPassage ThreeBurn rate is the speed at which a startup business consumes money. My rate would be $50,000 a month when my new media company started. So, I began looking around for
27、individuals who would be my first investors. “Angel money“ it was called. But when I reviewed my list of acquaintances, I found the number got small.With no other choices, I began meeting with the venture-capital companies. But I was warned they took a huge share of your company for the money they p
28、ut in. And if you struggled, they could drop you cold.As I was searching for “angel money“, I started to build a team who trusted me even though I didnt have money for paychecks yet.Bill Becker was an expert in computer programming and image processing at a Media Lab at M.I.T. With his arrival, my c
29、ompany suddenly had a major technology “guy“ in-house.Katherine Henderson, a fihnmaker and a former real-estate dealer, joined us as our director of market research. Steve White came on as operating officer.We had some really good people, but we still didnt have enough money. One night, my neighbor,
30、 Louise Johnson, came for a visit. She and I were only nodding acquaintances, but her boys and ours were constant companions. She ran a very good business at the time.Louise was brilliant and missed nothing. She had been watching my progress closely. She knew I was dying for money and I had prospect
31、s but could offer no garantees of success.She told me that her attorney had talked to mine and the terms bad been agreed upon. She handed me an envelope with a check for $ 500,000.I almost fell down. I heard her voice as if from heaven.“I have confidence in your plan,“ she said. “Youll do well. Your
32、e going to work hard for it, but its satisfying when you build your own company.“Who would have thought ld find an angel so close to home. There were no words sufficient for the moment. We just said good night. She left and I just stood there, completely humbled and completely committed.（分数：45.00）(1
33、).For a newly-established business, burn rate refers to_（分数：9.00）A.the salary it pays to its staffB.the interest it pays to the bankC.the way in which it raises capitalD.the speed at which it spends money(2).By saying “angel money“, the author refers to _（分数：9.00）A.the money borrowed from banksB.the
34、 money spent to promote salesC.the money raised from close friendsD.the money needed to start a business(3).To get help from a venture-capital company, you may have to _（分数：9.00）A.put up with unfair termsB.change your business lineC.enlarge your business scopeD.let them operate your business(4).The
35、author easily built a team for his company because _（分数：9.00）A.they were underpaid at their previous jobsB.they were turned down by other companiesC.they were confident of the author and his businessD.they were satisfied with the salaries in his company(5).Louise decided to lend money to the author
36、because _（分数：9.00）A.she wanted to join his companyB.she knew he would build a teamC.she knew his plan would succeedD.she wanted to help promote his salesPassage FourFrom early in her studies of parent-child interaction, Haight observed that many parents play an intentional role in encouraging their
37、kids to pretend, and obviously see that role as important. “I was struck by the extent to which caregivers were pretending with their very young children, even before the children were displaying independent pretend play, “ she said.In one study with a group of middle-class, white Americans, “the ve
38、ry consistent finding was that parents viewed pretending as important to their childrens development, viewed it as an enjoyable activity, and thought that their role was significant in helping their children learn how to pretend“.Through subsequent research, Haight concluded that these parents might
39、 be on to something. “Weve found that, in fact, when children pretended with their caregivers, it was more complex, more elaborate, and also more extended than when they pretended by themselves, “ she said. “And they used the ideas that the parents initiated in their subsequent pretending. “A child
40、playing by himself, for instance, might sit behind a toy steering wheel and simply turn the wheel and make engine noises. A parent joining in can take the child on a pretend trip, teaching along the way. Among the things that parents begin to communicate very early through pretending, whether consci
41、ously or unconsciously, is their culture, Haight noted-her observations based on a study involving both Chinese (in Taiwan district) and white, middle-class Americans. For the Americans, she found, pretend play was often childcentered and revolved around a toy or object. The Chinese parents more oft
42、en than not initiated the play and used it to teach social customs or routines, like how to greet a guest or teacher.“Its fascinating to see how deeply ingrained cultural beliefs get incorporated into pretend play-its one of many everyday practices through which children get socialized into their cu
43、lture, “ Haight said. The long-dominant thinking, that most pretending starts with the child, “would predict that pretend play would look pretty much the same wherever, regardless of the context-but were saying that doesnt appear to be the case“.How individual parents pretend with their kids also de
44、pends a lot on how they see their parental role, Haight said. For most fathers, their participation in pretend play seems “very related to how much they enjoy it“, she said. For most mothers, it seems related to “how important they feel it is to childrens development“.（分数：45.00）(1).How did Haight fe
45、el in her studies of parent-child interaction?A. Confused. C. Surprised.B. Pleased. D. Annoyed.（分数：9.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In some parents opinion, the pretend play_（分数：9.00）A.can help children learn how to playB.is important to childrens developmentC.is a significant part of social cultureD.should always
46、be parent-centered(3).According to the passage, if parents join in the pretend play, the children may_（分数：9.00）A.get to know some of their parents ideasB.come up with new ideasC.get quite excitedD.begin to enjoy pretending(4).Whats the difference between the American pretend play and the Chinese one
47、?（分数：9.00）A.The former is much more interesting.B.The former is integrated with cultural beliefs.C.The latter is more about everyday practices.D.Parents get more involved in the latter.(5).Ifa father takes part in the pretend play, he is most likely to _A. appreciate its educational role C. enjoy it
48、 a lotB. teach children social routines D. be disappointed（分数：9.00）A.B.C.D.大学英语四级综合-32 答案解析(总分：180.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Unit 3(总题数：4，分数：180.00)Passage One“In this study, we found that the household media environment was related to a child% academic achievement, “ said Dina Borzekowski, EdD, lead author o
49、f the study and assistant professor in the Department of Population and Family Health Sciences at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. “ Among these third graders, we saw that even when controlling for the parents education level, the childs gender and the amount of media used per week, those who had bedroom TV sets scored around 8 points lower on math and language arts tests and 7 points lower on reading tests. A home computer showed the opposite relationship-childre
