1、大学英语四级综合-31 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Short Answer Questio(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Some pessimistic historians think the whole society of man runs in cycles and that one of the phases is war. The optimists, on the other hand, think war is not like an eclipse or a flood or a spell of bad weather. They beli
2、eve that it is more like a disease for which a cure could be found if the cause were known.Because war is the ultimate drama of life and death, stories and pictures of it are more interesting than those about peace. This is so true that all of us, and perhaps those of us in television more than most
3、, are often caught up in the action of war to the exclusion of the ideas of it.If it is true, as we would like to think it is, that our age is more civilized than age past, we must all agree that its very strange that in the twentieth century, our century, we have killed more than 70 millions of our
4、 fellowmen on purpose, at war. It is very, very strange that since 1900 more men have killed more other men than m any other seventh years in history.Probably the reason we are able to do both-that is, believe on one hand that we are more civilized and on the other hand wage war to kill-is that kill
5、ing is not so personal an affair in war as it once was. The enemy is invisible. One man doesnt look another in the eye and run him through with a sword. The enemy, dead or alive, is largely unseen. He is killed by remote control: a loud noise, a distant puffof smoke and then. silence. The pictures o
6、f the victims wife and children, which he carries in his breast pocket, are destroyed with him. He is not heard to cry out. The question of compassion or pity or remorse does not enter into it. The enemy is not a man; he is a statistic.It is true, too, that more people are being killed at war now th
7、an previously because were better at doing it than we used to be. One man with one modem weapon can kill thousands.（分数：20.00）(1).What is the optimists view about war?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(2).There are more artistic works about war than those about peace because_.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(3).According to the autho
8、r, one characteristics of killing at war now is that killing_.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(4).Another reason that more people are being killed at war now than previously is_.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(5).What information is the next paragraph likely to provide?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：60.00)Starting several days
9、ago, Salon. corn is (1) some users will pay $30 per year for ad-free pages. These pages will spare users the ads, and give more (2) including extra columns, and audio downloads of F. Scott Fitzgeralds short stories. (3) , users could continue to use the free site (4) bigger, louder ads put on the we
10、b to combat (战斗，抗击) the perceived ineffectiveness of (5) banner ads on the tops of Web pages.Traditionally, with the exception (6) The Wall Street Journal, which also (7) Web ads, paid Internet sites have been unsuccessful. (8) , an industry analyst believes the choice between a (9) site and an ad-f
11、ree subscription site may become a (10) in coming months, as large interactive ads replace or (11) traditional banner ads and demand more attention (12) Web users. “My prediction is that as these (13) ads are implemented and (14) on these sites, because theyre (15) undesirably noticeable, people wil
12、l be more (16) to paying for content that is ad-free,“ says Denise Garcia, research director for media at Gartner, Inc.Salon, an economically sick Web magazine, has had to lay (17) about a third of its staff in recent months. It hopes the (18) will bring (19) much- needed revenue, but does not see i
13、t as a sure method to (20) make the site profitable, a spokesman says.（分数：60.00）A.hopingB.wishingC.prayingD.sprayingA.personalitiesB.differencesC.marksD.featuresA.OrB.HoweverC.ThoughD.ThereforeA.exceptB.despiteC.thereforeD.andA.laterB.latterC.currentD.formalA.asB.toC.atD.inA.makesB.transformsC.perfo
14、rmsD.runsA.PresentlyB.SoC.ConsequentlyD.HoweverA.publicB.privateC.traditionalD.popularA.habitB.trendC.wayD.instructionA.supplementB.putC.provideD.compensateA.atB.toC.fromD.inA.bannerB.imageC.interactiveD.soundA.putB.pullC.pushD.forceA.moreB.mostC.lessD.leastA.willingB.openC.tendD.likelyA.outB.asideC
15、.donnaD.offA.behaviorB.moveC.motionD.movementA.inB.aboutC.atD.forthA.instantlyB.predictablyC.constantlyD.contemporarily三、Translation(总题数：5，分数：20.00)1.When the boss retired, 1(他儿子接管他的事业 ).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_2. 1(解决人口问题的最佳途径) is to exercise birth control.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_3. 1(工厂和汽车散发的有毒气体) has made the ai
16、r unhealthy for people to breathe.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_4. 1(考虑他学英语才一年), he speaks it very well.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_5.I will do my best to 1(实现我父母的愿望).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_大学英语四级综合-31 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Short Answer Questio(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Some pessimistic historians think the whole society of man runs in
17、cycles and that one of the phases is war. The optimists, on the other hand, think war is not like an eclipse or a flood or a spell of bad weather. They believe that it is more like a disease for which a cure could be found if the cause were known.Because war is the ultimate drama of life and death,
18、stories and pictures of it are more interesting than those about peace. This is so true that all of us, and perhaps those of us in television more than most, are often caught up in the action of war to the exclusion of the ideas of it.If it is true, as we would like to think it is, that our age is m
19、ore civilized than age past, we must all agree that its very strange that in the twentieth century, our century, we have killed more than 70 millions of our fellowmen on purpose, at war. It is very, very strange that since 1900 more men have killed more other men than m any other seventh years in hi
20、story.Probably the reason we are able to do both-that is, believe on one hand that we are more civilized and on the other hand wage war to kill-is that killing is not so personal an affair in war as it once was. The enemy is invisible. One man doesnt look another in the eye and run him through with
21、a sword. The enemy, dead or alive, is largely unseen. He is killed by remote control: a loud noise, a distant puffof smoke and then. silence. The pictures of the victims wife and children, which he carries in his breast pocket, are destroyed with him. He is not heard to cry out. The question of comp
22、assion or pity or remorse does not enter into it. The enemy is not a man; he is a statistic.It is true, too, that more people are being killed at war now than previously because were better at doing it than we used to be. One man with one modem weapon can kill thousands.（分数：20.00）(1).What is the opt
23、imists view about war?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：War is like a disease which can be cured）解析：解析 细节题。根据第一段提到 They believe that it is more like a disease for which a cure could befound，这里的 They就是前面提到的 optimists，由此可知，乐观者认为战争就像疾病，可以找到治疗方法。(2).There are more artistic works about war than those about peace be
24、cause_.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：war is the ultimate drama of life and death）解析：解析 推断题。根据第二段，由于战争是生与死的终极戏剧，所以有关战争的故事和图画比那些有关和平的更为有趣。因此可以推断，有关战争的艺术作品比有关和平的多，其原因也是如此。(3).According to the author, one characteristics of killing at war now is that killing_.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：is not so personal an affair
25、 in war）解析：解析 推断题。根据第四段，作者认为，我们之所以一方面认为自己的文明程度更高，一方面却发动战争杀人，是因为现代战争杀人是非个人的、看不见敌人的、同情与怜悯无法进入的。因此可以推断现代战争杀人的特点之一是：杀人是非个人的。(4).Another reason that more people are being killed at war now than previously is_.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：were better at killing）解析：解析 细节题。根据最后一段 because were better at doing it t
26、han we used to be可知，现代战争杀人比从前多的原因是我们更善于杀人了。(5).What information is the next paragraph likely to provide?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Modern weapons）解析：解析 推断题。最后一段开始讲我们现在更善于杀人，并开始提到现代武器的威力，因此可以推断下面的内容应该是有关现代武器的。二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：60.00)Starting several days ago, Salon. corn is (1) some users will pay $30 per
27、 year for ad-free pages. These pages will spare users the ads, and give more (2) including extra columns, and audio downloads of F. Scott Fitzgeralds short stories. (3) , users could continue to use the free site (4) bigger, louder ads put on the web to combat (战斗，抗击) the perceived ineffectiveness o
28、f (5) banner ads on the tops of Web pages.Traditionally, with the exception (6) The Wall Street Journal, which also (7) Web ads, paid Internet sites have been unsuccessful. (8) , an industry analyst believes the choice between a (9) site and an ad-free subscription site may become a (10) in coming m
29、onths, as large interactive ads replace or (11) traditional banner ads and demand more attention (12) Web users. “My prediction is that as these (13) ads are implemented and (14) on these sites, because theyre (15) undesirably noticeable, people will be more (16) to paying for content that is ad-fre
30、e,“ says Denise Garcia, research director for media at Gartner, Inc.Salon, an economically sick Web magazine, has had to lay (17) about a third of its staff in recent months. It hopes the (18) will bring (19) much- needed revenue, but does not see it as a sure method to (20) make the site profitable
31、, a spokesman says.（分数：60.00）A.hoping B.wishingC.prayingD.spraying解析：解析 词义辨析题。pray 意为“祈祷”；spray 意为“喷射”；wish 和 hope均表示“希望”，但用法不同，结合下面考点归纳可知，A 正确。hope与 wish都有“希望”之意，区别如下：hope(that)指与过去、现在或未来有关的希望，例如：I hope you are ready我希望你已经准备好了。常见的结构有 hope to do sth(希望做某事)，或hope+that引导的宾语从句。但应注意的是不能说 hope sbto do st
32、h。wish(that)表达的是对过去、现在或将来发生的事感到遗憾，其宾语从句常用虚拟语气，例如：I wish I were going on holiday next month我下个月要是能度假就好了。A.personalitiesB.differencesC.marksD.features 解析：解析 词义辨析题。personality 意为“个性，人格”；difference 意为“差异”；mark 意为“标志”；feature 意为“特色，特点”。结合空格后面的内容可知，D 正确。A.Or B.HoweverC.ThoughD.Therefore解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。本句内容和上句
33、都是指上文提到的 features，though 和 however表转折关系，therefore表因果关系，故选 A。A.exceptB.despite C.thereforeD.and解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。结合上下文可知，despite(尽管，不管)正确。A.laterB.latterC.current D.formal解析：解析 词义辨析题。later 意为“稍后的”；latter 意为“后者”；current 意为“当前的，流通的”；formal 意为“正式的”。结合句意可知，C 正确。A.asB.to C.atD.in解析：解析 惯用搭配题。exception to slh是惯用搭
34、配，意为“例外”，所以 B正确。A.makesB.transformsC.performsD.runs 解析：解析 词义辨析题。make 意为“制作，制造”；transform 意为“转换，改造”；perform 意为“完成，执行”；run 在此处意为“运行，经营”。结合句意可知，选 D正确。A.PresentlyB.SoC.ConsequentlyD.However 解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。结合上下文可知，空格处应填入表示转折关系的连词，故选 D。A.publicB.privateC.traditional D.popular解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。本段第一句为 traditionally，
35、和上文已经出现过的 ad-free是两种类型的网站，所以 C正确。A.habitB.trend C.wayD.instruction解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。trend 意为“倾向，趋势”，结合上下文可知，B 正确。habit 意为“习惯”，way意为“道路，方法”，instruction 意为“指示，指导”，均排除。A.supplement B.putC.provideD.compensate解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。结合语法结构和句意可知，空格处应填入与 replace相似的词，故选supplement(补充，补遗)。put 意为“安置”，provide 意为“供给”，compensate 意
36、为“补偿”，均排除。A.atB.toC.from D.in解析：解析 惯用搭配题。from 表示“来自”，故选 C。A.bannerB.imageC.interactive D.sound解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。本题属于同义复现，上文已经出现 interactive ads，结合下文内容可知，C正确。A.put B.pullC.pushD.force解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。本题属于同义复现，上文已出现过类似的短语put ads on site 意为“在网站上登广告”，所以 A正确。A.more B.mostC.lessD.least解析：解析 语法结构题。结合语法结构可推断，空格处应填入 mo
37、re或 less修饰 noticeable，再结合句意可知，A 正确。A.willingB.open C.tendD.likely解析：解析 惯用搭配题。空格后的谓语为动名词形式，选项中只有 open有此用法，be open to sth/doing 意为“乐于接受”，故选 B。A.outB.asideC.donnaD.off 解析：解析 惯用搭配题。lay out 意为“摆开，布置，安排”；lay aside 意为“积蓄；搁置”；lay down意为“放下，放弃”；lay off 意为“解雇，裁员”。结合下文可知，D 正确。A.behaviorB.move C.motionD.movemen
38、t解析：解析 词义辨析题。behavior 意为“举止，行为”；move 意为“步骤，变动”；motion 意为“动作，运动”；movement 意为“运动”。结合句意可知，B 正确。A.in B.aboutC.atD.forth解析：解析 惯用搭配题。bring in 意为“生产，挣得”；bring about 意为“使发生”；bring forth意为“提出，展示”；无 bring at搭配。结合下文可知，A 正确。A.instantly B.predictablyC.constantlyD.contemporarily解析：解析 词义辨析题。instantly 意为“立即，即刻”；pre
39、dictably 意为“可预报地”；constantly意为“不变地，经常地”；contemporarily 意为“同期地”。结合句意可知，A 正确。三、Translation(总题数：5，分数：20.00)1.When the boss retired, 1(他儿子接管他的事业 ).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：his son took over the business）解析：解析 “接管”常译为 take over，本题注意时态前后要一致。2. 1(解决人口问题的最佳途径) is to exercise birth control.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确
40、答案：The best solution to solve the problem of overpopulation）解析：解析 由题干可知，待译部分在句中作主语，“最佳途径”可译为 best solution或 best way，“解决的问题”常可译 solve the problem of。3. 1(工厂和汽车散发的有毒气体) has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：The poisonous gas sent off by factories and automobiles）解析：解
41、析 首先提炼句子主干：有毒气体使空气不适合人吸入。即主语是“有毒气体”the poisonous gas，而“工厂和汽车散发的”充当其定语，两者为动宾关系，故可用过去分词形式 sent off by factories and automobiles。“散发”可译作 send off或 emit。4. 1(考虑他学英语才一年), he speaks it very well.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Considering hes only been lerning English a year）解析：解析 本题可用 considering引导原因状语从句，注意译文的时态。5.I will do my best to 1(实现我父母的愿望).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：live up to my parents expectations）解析：解析 “实现某人的愿望”英文中有相对应的表达 live up to ones expectations，本题注意parent用复数，故所有格的符号“”应放 s后。
