1、大学英语四级-阅读 1 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Europe has experienced enormous upheavals (剧变) last century. Wars, revolutions, separations and elections have changed the political map of the continent 1 times. And with each charge, power has 2 , creating new winners and
2、new losers. But for one groupthe gypsies (吉卜赛人)change has always meant losing. With each upheaval, the gypsies have been left 3 off than they were before. Yet they have survived to become Europe“s largest 4 . Moreover, they have succeeded in 5 their culture and their way of life in the 6 of genocide
3、 (种族灭绝), political persecution (迫害) and 7 . In other cases were minorities have survived similar persecutionslike Jews during World War , or Blacks in South Africatheir cause has received international support. By contrast, the gypsies“ success at preserving their culture is not regarded as an achie
4、vement at all. Instead, it“s viewed as 8 they are both unwilling and unable to change, and therefore irredeemable (不可救的). Indeed, in 1993, an European country president 9 attacked their way of life and said steps should be taken “to curtail (减少，剥夺)the extended reproduction of this socially unaccepta
5、ble and mentally backward population“. If such a thing had been said about any other minority, the political outcry would have been enormous. But, because the Slovak President was 10 to gypsies, there were few complaints except from a few small organizations who try to protect gypsies“ rights. A. op
6、enly I. poverty B. countless J. performed C. wonder K. face D. shifted L. referring E. substantially M. worse F. proof N. reserving G. minority O. preserving H. better（分数：20.00）Reading to oneself is a modem activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while
7、 during the fifteenth century the term “reading“ undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become 11 . One should be wary (谨慎的), however, of 12 that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a 13 to others. Examination of factors related t
8、o the historical development of silent reading 14 that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character. The last century saw a 15 increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of
9、16 listeners declined, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a 17 activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distrac
10、tion to other readers. Towards the end of last century there was still considerable 18 over whether books should be used for information or treated 19 . Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was 20 by the
11、printed mass media on one hand and by books and periodicals for a specialized readership on the other. A. distraction I. potential B. reveals J. replaced C. considerably K. private D. commonplace L. respectfully E. contributes M. argument F. assuming N. respectively G. statement O. steady H. suppose
12、（分数：20.00）We“ve all read global-warming scare stores. Though some scientists insist there is cause for alarm, evidence 21 otherwise. Global warming may be coming, but if it does, it won“t necessarily be 22 And it might actually be a boon (恩惠) for the environment. When Senator Mitchell 23 his doomsda
13、y (世界末日) idea, crude computer climate models were predicting two or three times as much warming as they 24 do. Now researchers say that the earth is likely to warm by about three degrees Fahrenheit (华氏) during the next century. That may sound like a lot, but it isn“t. The world has experienced 25 th
14、at much warming fairly recently in history. And we loved it! Between A.D. 900 and 1300, the earth warmed by some three 26 , according to the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine. Scholars refer to that periodone of the most 27 in human historyas the Medieval Climate Optimum (适宜的). Food productio
15、n surged (猛增), many scientists believe, because winters were 28 and growing seasons longer. Key agricultural 29 experienced fewer floods and droughts. Death rates 30 in many places, partly because of the decrease in hunger. A. currently I. presented B. approximately J. indicates C. inclined K. extre
16、me D. favorable L. suggest E. declined M. numbers F. degrees N. milder G. regions O. constructive H. frequently（分数：20.00）If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they 31 at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion,
17、they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been 32 only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and 33 sadly that
18、 she has nothing to wear. Changing fashions are nothing more than the 34 creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have 35 been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time 36 the dresses they have. Skirts
19、are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on. No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely 37 with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). They are only interested in outward 38 an
20、d they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of 39 , as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn“t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or 40 picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled sh
21、oes. A. distraction I. tremble B. hardly J. constant C. appearance K. resisting D. worn L. announcing E. altering M. discomfort F. intentional N. unconscious G. delicately O. steadily H. concerned（分数：20.00）During the past few years, the popularization of the Internet, by lowering the cost of global
22、communication to moderate levels, is leading to a near-perfect market for information. It has red 41 that grow and change with 42 speed, creating millionaires and invigorating (使生机勃勃) the economy. The Net has brought to even poor libraries a 43 of resources at very low cost. It has 44 individuals to
23、 speak in forums (论坛) small and large, with an ease and fluency that would delight the founders of this nation, if they could see e-mail, the World Wide Web, Usenet, and online chat. The tremendous 45 done by the popularization of the Internet had caused some problems of course. Chief among these ar
24、e a 46 of privacy, greater exposure for matters that were actually 47 from society (such as hate speech and child pornography (色情描写), and an 48 risk of one“s children (or oneself) being 49 by an image or text that better might have been left unseen. The Internet has brought the 50 world into the liv
25、ing room, but some people are finding that there are certain parts of the world they would prefer not to have anywhere in their homes. A. absent I. encountered B. enabled J. entire C. confronted K. enterprises D. astonishing L. goods E. color M. potential F. wealth N. good G. enlarged O. weakening H
26、. increased（分数：20.00）大学英语四级-阅读 1 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Europe has experienced enormous upheavals (剧变) last century. Wars, revolutions, separations and elections have changed the political map of the continent 1 times. And with each charge, power has 2 , creat
27、ing new winners and new losers. But for one groupthe gypsies (吉卜赛人)change has always meant losing. With each upheaval, the gypsies have been left 3 off than they were before. Yet they have survived to become Europe“s largest 4 . Moreover, they have succeeded in 5 their culture and their way of life
28、in the 6 of genocide (种族灭绝), political persecution (迫害) and 7 . In other cases were minorities have survived similar persecutionslike Jews during World War , or Blacks in South Africatheir cause has received international support. By contrast, the gypsies“ success at preserving their culture is not
29、regarded as an achievement at all. Instead, it“s viewed as 8 they are both unwilling and unable to change, and therefore irredeemable (不可救的). Indeed, in 1993, an European country president 9 attacked their way of life and said steps should be taken “to curtail (减少，剥夺)the extended reproduction of thi
30、s socially unacceptable and mentally backward population“. If such a thing had been said about any other minority, the political outcry would have been enormous. But, because the Slovak President was 10 to gypsies, there were few complaints except from a few small organizations who try to protect gy
31、psies“ rights. A. openly I. poverty B. countless J. performed C. wonder K. face D. shifted L. referring E. substantially M. worse F. proof N. reserving G. minority O. preserving H. better（分数：20.00）解析：B 解析 此处显然需要一个形容词放在 times 前，表示改变的次数，在所给的三个形容词中，countless 最合适，所以选 B。解析：D 解析 这里显然需要一个谓语动词，而且应该是以现在分词的形式
32、出现，在符合此要求的两个词，即 shifted 及 performed 之间，显然 shifted 更符合语义和词汇搭配，所以选 shifted。解析：M 解析 根据语法，这里需要形容词的比较级来承担主语的补语，worse 和 better 符合此条件，但从句义上讲 worse 是正确的，所表达的意思是“每一次的巨变都使吉普赛人的恶劣生活比上一次更糟糕”。解析：G 解析 根据空格前的 become 和 largest 两个词，可知这里需要一个名词来做主语 they(即前文中的 gypsies)的补语；根据句义，在所给的选项中只有 minority 最合适，在此处表示“吉卜赛人已成为欧洲最大的少
33、数民族”。解析：B解析 空格前的 succeed 一词，限定了此处应该选择一个以现在分词形式出现的动词：在符合此条件的三个选项referring“谈及，提到”，reserving“储备，预留”及 preserving“保护，保藏”中，只有 preserving 从句义上最符合。同时，也可依据下一自然段的第二句话确定选项 B 为正确答案。解析：K 解析 空格前 the 的和空格后的 of 决定了此处需要一个名词，并且此名词应该是短语 in the -|_|- of 的一部分，在所给的选项中只有 face 符合句义和语法的条件，表达了“吉普赛人在种族灭绝面前成功地保留了自己的文化和生活方式”的意思
34、。解析：I 解析 根据语法，这里需要一个名词与句中的 persecution 构成对等，表达并列关系。在剩下的三个选项 poverty“贫穷”，proof“证据，试验”及 wonder“惊奇，奇观”中，poverty 最符合句义，所以选 I。解析：F 解析 根据上下文，此处需要一个名词作句中 it(所代替的是 the gypsies“ preserving their culture)的补足语，在剩下的两个名词选项 proof“证据，试验”和 wonder“惊奇，奇观”中，只有proof 符合句义，意思是“吉普赛人成功地保留了自己的文化被看作是他们不愿意也不能够变通的证据，因而也被认为是无可救
35、药的”。解析：A 解析 显然此处需要一个副词来修饰谓语动词 attacked，在所给的两个选项中，依据语义openly“公开地”比 substantially“非常地，大体上”更符合语义。解析：L 解析 依据语法和句法信息，这里需要一个动词与空格前的 was 及空格后的介词 to 共同构成谓语成分，根据语义及搭配信息，只有 referring 最合适，因而选 L。Reading to oneself is a modem activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds,
36、 while during the fifteenth century the term “reading“ undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become 11 . One should be wary (谨慎的), however, of 12 that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a 13 to others. Examination of factors rel
37、ated to the historical development of silent reading 14 that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character. The last century saw a 15 increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the numb
38、er of 16 listeners declined, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a 17 activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause d
39、istraction to other readers. Towards the end of last century there was still considerable 18 over whether books should be used for information or treated 19 . Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was 20 b
40、y the printed mass media on one hand and by books and periodicals for a specialized readership on the other. A. distraction I. potential B. reveals J. replaced C. considerably K. private D. commonplace L. respectfully E. contributes M. argument F. assuming N. respectively G. statement O. steady H. s
41、uppose（分数：20.00）解析：D 解析 空格前为系动词 become，空格后为不定冠词 a 或 an，因此空格处应当填入一个形容词。根据上句及本句句意，“在十五世纪，读毫无疑问指的是大声朗读。直到十九世纪，默读才变的 -|_|-”，备选词汇中，commonplace 表示“常见的，司空见惯的”，放在句子中表示“默读开始变得常见”，符合句意，故选 D。解析：F 解析 空格前为动词短语 be wary of，空格后为 that 引导的从句，因此判断空格处应当填入一个可以引导宾语从句的动词-ing 形式。备选词汇中，只有 assuming 符合，故选 F。解析：A 解析 空格前为不定冠词 a
42、，空格后为 to，可以判断空格处应当填入一个单数名词。结合本句句意，“但是，我们对于这样的假设默读出现只是简单因为大声朗读对他人来说会应当谨慎一些，”备选词汇中，distraction“分神，分心”符合意思，表示“大声朗读会使别人分神”，故选择 A。解析：B 解析 经过分析，空格后为 that 引导的从句，空格前为动词过去分词修饰的名词短语examination of factors，因此可以判断空格处应当填入动词的单数形式。备选词汇中，reveals“暴露，揭露”和 contributes“贡献，捐献”符合，结合句子意思，“对默读的历史发展相关因素进行审视， -|_|-出默读之所以成为成年人
43、阅读的常用方式，主要是因为阅读任务的内容发生了变化”，显然 reveals 更符合句意，故选择 B。解析：O 解析 空格前为不定冠词 a，空格后为名词，因此可以判定此处应当填入形容词。备选词汇中，potential“潜在的，可能的”、replaced“被替换的”、private“私人的，私有的，私下的”、steady“稳定的，稳固的”，结合句意，“上世纪末人们的识字能力有了 -|_|-提升，因此阅读的人群也相应增长”，steady 最符合句意，故选 O。解析：I解析 空格前为 of，空格后为名词，因此判断空格处应当填入一个形容词。本句意思为“因为阅读的人逐步增加， -|_|-听众的数量开始下降
44、”，备选词汇中，只剩potential、replaced 和 private，结合句意，potential 表示“潜在的，可能的”，最符合句意，故选I。解析：K 解析 空格前为不定冠词 a，后面为名词，可以判断此处应当填入一个形容词。备选词汇中只剩下 replaced 和 private，结合句意，“随着为听众朗读的行为变得越来越少，阅读作为一种 -|_|-行为在一些公共场所，如图书馆、列车车厢、办公室，越来越盛行”，文中强调默读不打扰他人，是一种私人行为，所以选择 K。解析：M 解析 空格前为形容词，空格后为 over，根据语法知识可以判断此处应该填入一个名词。结合本句句意，“直到上世纪末，
45、关于读书是应当获取信息还是应当被 -|_|-看待仍然是个极大的 -|_|-”，备选名词中只有 argument 未使用，填入空格符合句意，表示“争论”，所以选择 M。解析：L 解析 空格前为动词，根据语法知识可以判断此处应当填入副词。备选词汇中，considerably“相当地，非常地”，respectfully“尊敬地”，respectively“分别地，各自地”，文中表示“读书应当被尊敬地看待”，即“读书应当被尊重”，故选择 L。解析：J解析 空格前为系动词 was，空格后为 by，据此判断空格处应当填入动词过去分词构成被动语态。备选词汇中，只有 replaced 符合，表示“被替换”，故
46、选择 J。We“ve all read global-warming scare stores. Though some scientists insist there is cause for alarm, evidence 21 otherwise. Global warming may be coming, but if it does, it won“t necessarily be 22 And it might actually be a boon (恩惠) for the environment. When Senator Mitchell 23 his doomsday (世界
47、末日) idea, crude computer climate models were predicting two or three times as much warming as they 24 do. Now researchers say that the earth is likely to warm by about three degrees Fahrenheit (华氏) during the next century. That may sound like a lot, but it isn“t. The world has experienced 25 that mu
48、ch warming fairly recently in history. And we loved it! Between A.D. 900 and 1300, the earth warmed by some three 26 , according to the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine. Scholars refer to that periodone of the most 27 in human historyas the Medieval Climate Optimum (适宜的). Food production sur
49、ged (猛增), many scientists believe, because winters were 28 and growing seasons longer. Key agricultural 29 experienced fewer floods and droughts. Death rates 30 in many places, partly because of the decrease in hunger. A. currently I. presented B. approximately J. indicates C. inclined K. extreme D. favorable L. suggest E. declined M. numbers F. degrees N. milder G. regions O. constructive H. frequently（分数：20.00
