1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 291 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension_2.Section A_It seems you always forgetyour reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the 1, your credit card when you are shopping. Such absent-
2、mindedness may be 2to you. Now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that 3everything the user sees. The glasses can play back memories 4to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also allow the user to “label“ ite
3、ms so information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory 5certain items by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a blank label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then 6in. It could be used in 7plants by mechanics looking to identify machine p
4、arts or by electricians wiring complicated a device. A spokesman for the project, said: “A car 8for instance could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. “For the 9the system could highlight accident black spots or dangers on the road.“ In
5、other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, indicating points of 10or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified. A. later B. motorists C. moisture D. noticeable E. frustrating F. fills G. dashing H. necessity I. record J. halts K. cleaners L.
6、mechanic M. industrial N. interest O. identifying（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_4.Section B_Big is Back A) Corporate giants were on the defensive for decades. Now they have the advantage again. In 1996, in one of his most celebrated phrases, Bill Clin
7、ton declared that “the era of big government is over“. He might have added that the era of big companies was over, too. The organisation that defined capitalism for much of the 20th century was then in retreat, attacked by corporate raiders, annoyed by shareholders and outwitted by entrepreneurs (企业
8、家). Great names such as Pan Am had disappeared. Others had survived only by huge bloodletting: IBM sacked 122,000 people, a quarter of its workforce, between 1990 and 1995. Everyone agreed that the future lay with entrepreneurial start-ups such as Yahoo! which in late 1998 had the same market capita
9、lisation with 637 employees as Boeing with 230,000. The share of GDP produced by big industrial companies fell by half between 1974 and 1998, from 36% to 17%. B) Today the balance of advantage may be shifting again. To a degree, the financial crisis is responsible. It has destroyed the venture-capit
10、al market, the lifeblood of many young firms. Governments have been rescuing companies they consider too big to fail, such as Citigroup and General Motors. Recession is squeezing out smaller and less well-connected firms. But there are other reasons too, which are giving big companies a self-confide
11、nce they have not displayed for decades. C) Of course, big companies never went away. There were still plenty of first-rate ones: Unilever and Toyota continued to innovate through thick and thin. And not all start-ups were models of success: Netscape and Enron promised to revolutionise their industr
12、ies only to crash and burn. Nevertheless, the balance had shifted in favour of small organisations. The entrepreneurial boom was supercharged by two developments. Deregulation (撤销管制规定) opened protected markets. Some national champions, such as AT it forces you to understand another cultural and inte
13、llectual system. So I hope British education will develop a more rational approach to the foreign languages available to students in line with their political importance. Because so many people believe its no longer important to know another language, I fear that time devoted to language teaching in
14、 schools may well continue to decline. But you can argue that learning another language well is more exhausting than, say, learning to play chess wellit involves sensitivity to a set of complicated rules, and also to context. Technology will certainly make a difference to the use of foreign language
15、s. Computers may, for instance, relieve the hard work that a vast translation represents. But no one who has seen a computer translation will think it can substitute for live knowledge of the different languages. A machine will always be behind the times. Still more important is the fact that no com
16、puter will ever get at the associations beyond the words associations that may not be expressed but which carry much of the meaning. In languages like Arabic that context is very important Languages come with heavy cultural baggage tooin French or German if you miss the cultural references behind a
17、word youre very likely to be missing the meaning. It will be very hard to teach all that to a computer. All the predictions are that English will be spoken by a declining proportion of the worlds population in the 21st century. I dont think foreign languages will really become less important, but th
18、ey might be perceived to beand that would in the end bea very bad thing.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Chinese is true?（分数：2.00）A.Chinese will soon become the universal language.B.Chinese is a language of intellectuals.C.There are many dialects in Chinese.D.Chinese will be reg
19、arded as important as English.(2).According to the second paragraph, the author may most probably agree that _.（分数：2.00）A.other languages should be taught principally for practical reasonsB.learning a language is to know a countrys cultural and intellectual systemC.British education has a rational a
20、pproach to the teaching of foreign languagesD.learning another language well is too exhausting and complicated(3).The worst disadvantage of computer translation is that_.（分数：2.00）A.the expressions used in it are always behind the timesB.it can only be used in the translation of certain languagesC.it
21、 cannot replace live knowledge of the different languagesD.it can never express the implied meanings beyond word associations(4).By saying “languages come with heavy cultural baggage“, the author means that_.（分数：2.00）A.much unnecessary cultural background blocks the understanding of a languageB.a la
22、nguage usually contains important cultural traditions and customC.it is a burden for a language learner to understand the related cultureD.the understanding of a language is affected by the various contexts it is in(5).The author thinks it would be a bad thing if_.（分数：2.00）A.English is spoken by few
23、er people in the 21st centuryB.foreign languages become less important in the 21st centuryC.English is not as important as foreign languages in the 21st centuryD.foreign languages are regarded as less important in the 21st century大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 291 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio
24、(总题数：8，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension_解析：2.Section A_解析：It seems you always forgetyour reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the 1, your credit card when you are shopping. Such absent-mindedness may be 2to you. Now British and German scientists are
25、developing memory glasses that 3everything the user sees. The glasses can play back memories 4to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also allow the user to “label“ items so information can be used later on. The wearer could walk aro
26、und an office or a factory 5certain items by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a blank label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then 6in. It could be used in 7plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring complicated a device. A spokesman
27、for the project, said: “A car 8for instance could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. “For the 9the system could highlight accident black spots or dangers on the road.“ In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided
28、 tour, indicating points of 10or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified. A. later B. motorists C. moisture D. noticeable E. frustrating F. fills G. dashing H. necessity I. record J. halts K. cleaners L. mechanic M. industrial N. interest O. identifying（分数：20.00）填空项 1:
29、_ （正确答案：K）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：O）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：M）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：L）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：N）解析：解析：此处应为名词，语义与 guided tour 有关，只有 interest 最适合，points of interest 意为“景点”。4.Section B_解析：Big is Back A) Corporate giants were on the defensive for
30、 decades. Now they have the advantage again. In 1996, in one of his most celebrated phrases, Bill Clinton declared that “the era of big government is over“. He might have added that the era of big companies was over, too. The organisation that defined capitalism for much of the 20th century was then
31、 in retreat, attacked by corporate raiders, annoyed by shareholders and outwitted by entrepreneurs (企业家). Great names such as Pan Am had disappeared. Others had survived only by huge bloodletting: IBM sacked 122,000 people, a quarter of its workforce, between 1990 and 1995. Everyone agreed that the
32、future lay with entrepreneurial start-ups such as Yahoo! which in late 1998 had the same market capitalisation with 637 employees as Boeing with 230,000. The share of GDP produced by big industrial companies fell by half between 1974 and 1998, from 36% to 17%. B) Today the balance of advantage may b
33、e shifting again. To a degree, the financial crisis is responsible. It has destroyed the venture-capital market, the lifeblood of many young firms. Governments have been rescuing companies they consider too big to fail, such as Citigroup and General Motors. Recession is squeezing out smaller and les
34、s well-connected firms. But there are other reasons too, which are giving big companies a self-confidence they have not displayed for decades. C) Of course, big companies never went away. There were still plenty of first-rate ones: Unilever and Toyota continued to innovate through thick and thin. An
35、d not all start-ups were models of success: Netscape and Enron promised to revolutionise their industries only to crash and burn. Nevertheless, the balance had shifted in favour of small organisations. The entrepreneurial boom was supercharged by two developments. Deregulation (撤销管制规定) opened protec
36、ted markets. Some national champions, such as AT it forces you to understand another cultural and intellectual system. So I hope British education will develop a more rational approach to the foreign languages available to students in line with their political importance. Because so many people beli
37、eve its no longer important to know another language, I fear that time devoted to language teaching in schools may well continue to decline. But you can argue that learning another language well is more exhausting than, say, learning to play chess wellit involves sensitivity to a set of complicated
38、rules, and also to context. Technology will certainly make a difference to the use of foreign languages. Computers may, for instance, relieve the hard work that a vast translation represents. But no one who has seen a computer translation will think it can substitute for live knowledge of the differ
39、ent languages. A machine will always be behind the times. Still more important is the fact that no computer will ever get at the associations beyond the words associations that may not be expressed but which carry much of the meaning. In languages like Arabic that context is very important Languages
40、 come with heavy cultural baggage tooin French or German if you miss the cultural references behind a word youre very likely to be missing the meaning. It will be very hard to teach all that to a computer. All the predictions are that English will be spoken by a declining proportion of the worlds po
41、pulation in the 21st century. I dont think foreign languages will really become less important, but they might be perceived to beand that would in the end bea very bad thing.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Chinese is true?（分数：2.00）A.Chinese will soon become the universal langua
42、ge.B.Chinese is a language of intellectuals.C.There are many dialects in Chinese. D.Chinese will be regarded as important as English.解析：解析：推理判断题。本题考查复合句的理解。本题最大的干扰选项是 B，理解第 1 段最后一句是关键。可以先把定语从句和分词结构去掉，剩下的就是对 Chinese 的完整描述，即：a language of intellectuals alongside a large number of variations，由此可见，选项 B
43、过于片面。A 项与首段第2 句不符，D 项未提及。(2).According to the second paragraph, the author may most probably agree that _.（分数：2.00）A.other languages should be taught principally for practical reasonsB.learning a language is to know a countrys cultural and intellectual system C.British education has a rational appro
44、ach to the teaching of foreign languagesD.learning another language well is too exhausting and complicated解析：解析：观点态度题。本题其实是要求判断说法的正误。第 2 段的第 2 句表明了作者的态度，也就是选项 B。选项 A、C 都与原文的陈述不符，选项 D 不是作者的观点。(3).The worst disadvantage of computer translation is that_.（分数：2.00）A.the expressions used in it are always
45、behind the timesB.it can only be used in the translation of certain languagesC.it cannot replace live knowledge of the different languagesD.it can never express the implied meanings beyond word associations 解析：解析：推理判断题。本题考查强对比处。第 3 段第 5 句中的 Still more important 是答题的关键，表明紧接着的才是计算机翻译最大的缺点，而前面提到的都不是最严重
46、的，由此可推断选项 A 和 C 不对，而选项 B 在文中并无相关细节支持。(4).By saying “languages come with heavy cultural baggage“, the author means that_.（分数：2.00）A.much unnecessary cultural background blocks the understanding of a languageB.a language usually contains important cultural traditions and custom C.it is a burden for a language learner to understand the related cultureD.the understanding of a language is affected by the various contexts it is in解析：解析：词义推断题。本题主要考查 baggage 一词的理解。baggage 带有“惯例、传统”的意思，但这个意思并不包括在考纲词汇里。baggage 虽有“包袱、累赘”之义，但从文中可见，baggage 是与前一句中的 context 同样重要的东西，都能影响对语言的理解，因此，作
