1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 282及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Section C（分数：10.00）_Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be a
2、bandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future. The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more
3、 economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types. Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is
4、the automated highway system. When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, an
5、d control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the cars movements. The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the
6、 correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a pre
7、sent-day highway.（分数：10.00）(1).One significant improvement in the future car will probably be _.（分数：2.00）A.its power sourceB.its driving systemC.its monitoring systemD.its seating capacity(2).What is the authors main concern?（分数：2.00）A.How to render automobiles pollution-free.B.How to make smaller a
8、nd safer automobiles.C.How to solve the problem of traffic jams.D.How to develop an automated subway system.(3).What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?（分数：2.00）A.A rail.B.An engine.C.A retractable arm.D.A computer controller.(4).In an automated highway system, all the
9、 driver needs to do is_.（分数：2.00）A.keep in the right laneB.wait to arrive at his destinationC.keep in constant touch with the computer centerD.inform the system of his destination by phone(5).What is the authors attitude toward the future of autos?（分数：2.00）A.Enthusiastic.B.Pessimistic.C.Optimistic.D
10、.Cautious.New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. Its now a “global village“ where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign lang
11、uage skills. Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts. Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly impo
12、rtant to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.“ He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the companys plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment ab
13、road. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent (普遍的). Thanks to a variety of relat
14、ively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets. English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second l
15、anguage isnt generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal. The employee posted abroad who speaks the countrys principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have th
16、e cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the authors attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?（分
17、数：2.00）A.Critical.B.Indifferent.C.Prejudiced.D.Positive.(2).With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, business people _.（分数：2.00）A.have to get familiar with modern technologyB.are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operationsC.are attaching more importance to their over
18、seas businessD.are eager to work overseas(3).In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind“ (Line 2, Para 3) probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.being unable to think properly for lack of insightB.being totally out of touch with business at homeC.missing opportunities for promotion when abroadD.leaving all
19、 care and worry behind(4).According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?（分数：2.00）A.Connections with businesses overseas.B.Ability to speak the clients language.C.Technical know-how.D.Business experience.(5).The advantage of emplo
20、yees having foreign language skills is that they can _.（分数：2.00）A.better control the whole negotiation processB.easily find new approaches to meet market needsC.fast-forward their proposals to headquartersD.easily make friends with businesspeople abroadSome houses are designed to be smart. Others ha
21、ve smart designs. An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects. Located on the shore of Sullivans Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane (
22、飓风) Hugo 10 years ago. In September 1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolinas shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasnt strict, according to archi
23、tect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. In Hugos wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes. The new beach house on Sullivans Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour. At
24、 first sight, the house on Sullivans Island looks anything but hurricane-proof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern (灯笼) “ at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The houses wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength. To
25、further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilingslong, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also elevate the house above storm su
26、rges. The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it. “These swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings,“ said Huff. Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed by the houses ground-to-roo
27、f shell. “The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesnt look like its standing with its pant legs pulled up,“ said Huff. In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.（分数：10.00）(1).After the tragedy caused by Hurric
28、ane Hugo, new houses built along South Carolinas shore line are required_.（分数：2.00）A.to be easily reinforcedB.to look smarter in designC.to meet stricter building standardsD.to be designed in the shape of cubes(2).The award-winning beach house is quite strong because _.（分数：2.00）A.it is strengthened
29、by steel rodsB.it is made of redwoodC.it is in the shape of a shellD.it is built with timber and concrete(3).Huff raised the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to _.（分数：2.00）A.withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hrB.anchor stronger pilings deep in the sandC.break huge sea wa
30、ves into smaller onesD.prevent water from rushing into the house(4).The main function of the shell is _.（分数：2.00）A.to strengthen the pilings of the houseB.to give the house a better appearanceC.to protect the wooden frame of the houseD.to slow down the speed of the swelling water(5).It can be inferr
31、ed from the passage that the shell should be _.（分数：2.00）A.fancy-lookingB.waterproofC.easily breakableD.extremely strongSleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic (脑电图仪的) sense we share it with all the primates (灵长类动物) and almost all the other mammals and birds: it may extend back as far a
32、s the reptiles (爬行动物). There is some evidence that the two types of sleep, dreaming and dreamless, depend on the life style of the animal, and that predators (食肉动物) are statistically much more likely to dream than prey, which are in turn much more likely to experience dreamless sleep. In dream sleep
33、, the animal is powerfully immobilized (使固定不动) and remarkably unresponsive to external stimuli. Dreamless sleep is much shallower, and we have all witnessed cats or dogs cocking their ears to a sound when apparently fast asleep. The fact that deep dream sleep is rare among prey today seems clearly t
34、o be a product of natural selection, and it makes sense that today, when sleep is highly evolved, the stupid animals are less frequently immobilized by deep sleep than the smart ones. But why should they sleep deeply at all? Why should a state of such deep immobilization ever have evolved? Perhaps o
35、ne useful hint about the original function of sleep is to be found in the fact that dolphins and whales and aquatic mammals in general seem to sleep very little. There is, by and large, no place to hide in the ocean. Could it be that, rather than increasing an animals vulnerability, Ray Meddis of Lo
36、ndon University has suggested this to be the case. It is conceivable that animals that are too stupid to be quite on their own initiative are, during periods of high risk, immobilized by the implacable arm of sleep. The point seems particularly clear for the young of predatory animals. This is an in
37、teresting notion and probably at least partly true.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Evolution of Animals Sleep.B.Two Types of Sleep.C.The Original Function of Animals Sleep.D.Animals and Sleep.(2).Predators are _.（分数：2.00）A.able to prey even wh
38、en they are in deep dream sleepB.more likely to experience dream sleepC.incapable of preying when immobilized by dreamless sleepD.good at preying on stupid animals(3).The example of dogs and cats in the second paragraph is intended to _.（分数：2.00）A.explain which animals are mammalsB.show the differen
39、ces between mammalsC.illustrate how shallow dreamless sleep isD.reveal how smart they are(4).Compare with dreamless sleep, deep dream sleep is _.（分数：2.00）A.not the result of natural selectionB.less likely to appear to primatesC.more protective to the animalsD.at a higher stage of evolution(5).Accord
40、ing to some scientists research findings, dolphins seldom sleep because _.（分数：2.00）A.of their stupidityB.of their vulnerabilityC.there are possible dangers in the oceanD.aquatic mammals do not need sleep大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 282答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III R
41、eading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Section C（分数：10.00）_解析：Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. Th
42、ey hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future. The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should
43、be far more pollution-free than present types. Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system. When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的)
44、arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all
45、 of the cars movements. The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzze
46、r (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.（分数：10.00）(1).One significant improvement in the future car will probably b
47、e _.（分数：2.00）A.its power source B.its driving systemC.its monitoring systemD.its seating capacity解析：解析：推断题。从第 2段首句可以看出第 2段主要讲未来汽车的变化方向，该段第 2、3 句说，它将变得更小巧、安全、节能，给它提供动力的将不再是汽油发动机。而第 3段也着重展望了未来汽车动力系统的新模式，故未来汽车一个最重要的改进就在于它的能量来源，故答案为 A。(2).What is the authors main concern?（分数：2.00）A.How to render automob
48、iles pollution-free.B.How to make smaller and safer automobiles.C.How to solve the problem of traffic jams. D.How to develop an automated subway system.解析：解析：事实细节题。第 3段首句提到，未来的汽车仍将是令城市交通拥挤的主要问题，而这也是作者最为关心的问题，C 之相符。其他各项在文章中都提到过，但并非 the main problem，故排除。(3).What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?（分数：2.00）A.A rail. B.An engine.C.A retractable arm.D.A computer controller.解析：解析：事实细节题。文章第 4段第 1、2 句提到，当汽车进入高速公路系统后，一只自动伸缩臂就会从
