1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 279 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Section C（分数：10.00）_Divorce doesnt necessarily make adults happy. But toughing it out in an unhappy marriage until it turns around just might do, a new study says. The
2、research identified happy and unhappy spouses, culled (选出) from a national database. Of the unhappy partners who divorced, about half were happy five years later. But unhappy spouses who stuck it out often did better. About two-thirds were happy five years later. Study results contradict what seems
3、to be common sense, says David Blankenhorn of the Institute for American Values, a think-tank on the family. The institute helped sponsor the research team based at the University of Chicago. Findings will be presented in Arlington, Va., at the “Smart Marriage“ conference, sponsored by the Coalition
4、 for Marriage, Families and Couples Education. The study looked at data on 5,232 married adults from the National Survey of Families and Households. It included 645 who were unhappy. The adults in the national sample were analyzed through 13 measures of psychological well-being. Within the five year
5、s, 167 of the unhappy were divorced or separated and 478 stayed married. Divorce didnt reduce symptoms of depression, raise self-esteem or increase a sense of mastery compared with those who stayed married, the report says. Results were controlled for factors including race, age, gender and income.
6、Staying married did not tend to trap unhappy spouses in violent relationships. What helped the unhappy married turn things around? To supplement the formal study data, the research team asked professional firms to recruit focus groups totaling 55 adults who were “marriage survivors“. All had moved f
7、rom unhappy to happy marriages. These 55 once-discontented married felt their unions got better via one of three routes, the report says: Marital endurance. “With time, job situations improved, children got older or better, or chronic ongoing problems got put into new perspective.“ Partners did not
8、work on their marriages. Marital work. Spouses actively worked “to solve problems, change behavior or improve communication“. Personal change. Partners found “alternative ways to improve their own happiness and build a good and happy life despite a mediocre marriage.“ In effect, the unhappy partner
9、changed.（分数：10.00）(1).According to David Blankenhorn, people commonly believe that_.（分数：2.00）A.divorce is a better solution to an unhappy marriage than staying togetherB.divorce is not necessarily the only solution to an unhappy marriageC.keeping an unhappy marriage needs much courage and enduranceD
10、.to end an unhappy marriage or not is a tough decision for the spouses(2).Which of the following is true about the research under discussion?（分数：2.00）A.It was conducted by the Institute for the American Values headed by David Blankenhorn.B.It was sponsored by the Coalition for Marriage, Families and
11、 Couples Education.C.Its subjects were chosen from a national database based at the University of Chicago.D.Its report will be included in the schedule of the “Smart Marriage“ conference.(3).The 13 measures of psychological well-being are used to _.（分数：2.00）A.serve as the standards for choosing the
12、subjects of the researchB.serve as the ways to help adults to get over their unhappy marriageC.examine all the 5,232 married adultsD.examine all the adults in the database(4).The authors attitude towards divorce may best be described as “_“.（分数：2.00）A.criticalB.impersonalC.arbitraryD.scornful(5).Acc
13、ording to the report, those unhappily-wedded may not survive their marriage by_.（分数：2.00）A.waiting for the living conditions to get improvedB.achieving childrens understandingC.changing their own attitude towards mediocre marriagesD.working on their problems and strengthening communicationDid you kn
14、ow that all human beings have a “comfort zone“ regulating the distance they stand from someone when they talk? This distance varies in interesting ways among people of different cultures. Greeks, others of the Eastern Mediterranean, and many of those from South America normally stand quite close tog
15、ether when they talk, often moving their faces even closer as they warm up in a conversation. North Americans find this awkward and often back away a few inches. Studies have found that they tend to feel most comfortable at about 12 inches apart. In much of Asia and Africa, there is even more space
16、between two speakers in conversation. This greater space subtly lends an air of dignity and respect. This manner of space is nearly always unconscious, but it is interesting to observe. This difference applies also to the closeness with which people sit together, the extent to which they lean over o
17、ne another in conversation, how they move as they argue or make an emphatic point. In the United States, for example, people try to keep their bodies apart even in a crowded elevator, in Paris they take it as it comes. Although North Americans have a relatively wide “comfort zone“ for talking, they
18、communicate a great deal with their handsnot only with gesture but also with touch. They put a sympathetic hand on a persons shoulder to demonstrate warmth of feeling or an arm around him in sympathy; they nudge a man in the ribs to emphasize a funny joke; or they pat an arm in reassurance. To many
19、peopleespecially those from Asia or the Moslem countriessuch bodily contact is unwelcome, especially if inadvertently (不注意地) done with the left hand. (The left hand carries no special significance in the U.S. Many Americans are simply left-handed and use that hand more.)（分数：10.00）(1).What would most
20、 probably happen when a Greek meets a North American?（分数：2.00）A.The Greek keeps 12 inches apart from the North American.B.The Greek can keep comfortable distance with the North American.C.The North American accepts the Greek distance when they become friends.D.The North American keeps backing away w
21、hile the Greek keeps moving closer.(2).For Asians, the “comfort zone“ _.（分数：2.00）A.is based on subconsciousnessB.implies self-esteemC.is determined by social customsD.varies in accordance with social status(3).Which of the following statements is true about the people in the United States?（分数：2.00）A
22、.They tend to keep the bodily space unconsciously.B.Their sense of distance has nothing to do with dignity or respect.C.They avoid any bodily contact in communicating.D.Their communication cannot be carried out without hand gesture.(4).It can be inferred from the passage that the Frenchmen prefer_.（
23、分数：2.00）A.to move closer when they want to emphasize a pointB.to use more body language to interact with othersC.to sit farther apart when they talk in a large roomD.to take it pleasant to have bodily contact in an elevator(5).Touching with the left hand is regarded as _ in the Muslem countries.（分数：
24、2.00）A.a meaningless gestureB.an offending actionC.an unintentional mistakeD.a badly-intentioned jokeIn a step that should help make the Internet safer for consumers, anti-virus giant Symantec on Wednesday will introduce a protection system designed to anticipate new ill-meaning programs that try to
25、 steal onto your computer. For decades, anti-virus protection has worked by reacting to new ill-meaning programs. Researchers rush to identify bad code, then create and distribute filters for it. But cybercriminals have got so fast at escaping the latest filters that protection often comes too late.
26、 Symantecs new system, called Quorum, continuously predicts whether any new program that attempts to run on your PC is good or bad. It then takes steps to isolate the bad code. “Were closing a major gap the bad guys have been using to deliver their ill-meaning software,“ says Rowan Trollope, senior
27、vice president of consumer products. Symantec becomes the fourth major anti-virus firmand the largestto add predictive capabilities to traditional reactive anti-virus systems. Since February, McAfee, Panda Security and Trend Micro have introduced similar predictive technologies. Computer infections
28、most often spread when a PC user clicks on an altered Web link that arrives in an e-mail or social-network message, or appears in search results for questions on Google, Bing and Yahoo Search. Whats more, millions of lawful Web pagesunknowingly altered by hackerscan also infect a PC during a page vi
29、sit. Cybercriminals use infected PCs to spread junk e-mails, steal data and hijack online banking accounts. Infections can change hourly, forcing anti-virus firms to create and deliver thousands of filters each day. “The amount of ill-meaning software produced today has required all of us to change
30、the approach we take in combating it,“ says Trend Micro senior manager Jon Clay. Trend began offering predictive protection to business customers in May. A consumer version is due next year. “There is a natural evolution taking place,“ says Mike Gallagher, chief technology officer for McAfee, which
31、rolled out its Artemis system for consumers and businesses in February. Symantec introduces Quorum in its new Norton Internet Security 2010 system for consumers priced at $70 for a one-year subscription; McAfees consumer subscription is priced similarly. Panda Securitys free consumer version of its
32、Panda Cloud anti-virus product has been out since April.（分数：10.00）(1).In the past decades, anti-virus protection hasnt worked effectively because _.（分数：2.00）A.researchers didnt create filters in timeB.filters were soon escaped by cybercriminalsC.ill-meaning programs were too complexD.cybercriminals
33、were smarter than researchers(2).How does Quorum protect your computer?（分数：2.00）A.It continuously updates the anti-virus database in your computer.B.It reacts to the ill-meaning programs once they run on your computer.C.It evaluates every new program before it can run on your computer.D.It automatic
34、ally refuses unfamiliar software to run on your computer.(3).Computers are usually infected by connecting to _.（分数：2.00）A.e-mail boxes or social-network messagesB.search engines of Google, Bing and YahooC.lawful web pagesD.spoiled web links(4).According to Jon Clay, there are so many ill-meaning pro
35、grams every day that _.（分数：2.00）A.anti-virus firms should work more willinglyB.anti-virus firms should speed up their researchC.filters should be predictive instead of reactiveD.filters should be delivered hourly instead of daily(5).What company is the last one to add predictive capacities to its an
36、ti-virus product?（分数：2.00）A.Symantec.B.McAfee.C.Trend MicroD.Panda Security.Henry III didnt know much about biology. He went through six wives back in the 1500s, looking for one who could bear him a son. Scientists now know that its the fathers sperm, not the mothers egg, which determines whether a
37、baby is a boy or a girl. And last week researchers at the Genetics and IVF Institute, a private fertility (生育能力) center in Virginia, announced a new technique that will allow parents to choose the sex of their baby-to-be, before it has even been conceived. The scientist used a tiny laser detector to
38、 measure the DNA in millions of sperm cells as they pass single file through a narrow tube, like cattle being herded through a corral (牲口栏). In a study published last week, “girl sperm,“ which has more DNAthe genetic materialin each cell, was collected, while “boy sperm“ was discarded. And when puri
39、fied girl sperm was used to impregnate (使受孕) a group of mothers, 15 of 17 resulting babies turned out to be girls. The researchers say that “sex selection“ can also double a mothers chance of having a son and can be used to avoid genetic diseases that affect only one gender, such as hemophilia (血友病)
40、. But some experts, like New York University fertility specialist Dr. Jamie Grifo, worry that sex selection could lead to a kind of in uteri (子宫) discrimination, especially in cultures where sons are considered superior to daughters. “Its valuing one gender over another,“ Grifo says. “I dont think t
41、hats something we should be doing.“ So far, patients at the institute have been asking for both boys and girls, in order to “balance“ their families. And some ethics experts say thats fine, as long as parents are just looking for a little gender variety. “If you have three boys, and you want a girl,
42、“ says University of Texas reproductive-law professor John Robertson, “thats not gender bias at all.“（分数：10.00）(1).The DNAin the sperm cells can be measured _.（分数：2.00）A.in the same way how the cattle are herdedB.when they pass through a tube one behind the otherC.after they pass through a laser tub
43、eD.when they are scanned by a laser detector all at a time(2).The gender of the baby is decided by_.（分数：2.00）A.the fathers DNAB.the mothers DNAC.the fathers spermD.the mothers egg(3).According to this passage, the practice of “sex selection“ _.（分数：2.00）A.can help to prevent all genetic problemsB.is
44、totally unacceptable to ethics expertsC.was already realized five hundred years agoD.will benefit families with certain inheritable diseases(4).Girl sperm was preferred to boy sperm in the research most probably because _.（分数：2.00）A.girl sperm contains more genetic materialB.more mothers want to hav
45、e girl babiesC.girl sperm is healthier and more activeD.girl sperm is more easily purified(5).It can be concluded from the passage that the authors attitude toward “sex selection“ is _.（分数：2.00）A.negativeB.positiveC.neutralD.favorable大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 279 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehe
46、nsio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Section C（分数：10.00）_解析：Divorce doesnt necessarily make adults happy. But toughing it out in an unhappy marriage until it turns around just might do, a new study says. The research identified happy and unhappy spouses, culled (选出) fr
47、om a national database. Of the unhappy partners who divorced, about half were happy five years later. But unhappy spouses who stuck it out often did better. About two-thirds were happy five years later. Study results contradict what seems to be common sense, says David Blankenhorn of the Institute f
48、or American Values, a think-tank on the family. The institute helped sponsor the research team based at the University of Chicago. Findings will be presented in Arlington, Va., at the “Smart Marriage“ conference, sponsored by the Coalition for Marriage, Families and Couples Education. The study looked at data on 5,232 married adults from the National Survey of Families and Households. It included 645 who were unhappy. The adults in the nationa
