1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 523及答案解析(总分：210.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the Student Union. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below
2、in Chinese. 1你认为自己具备什么条件(能力、性格、爱好等)可以胜任学生会主席的工作? 2如果当选，你将为同学做什么? （分数：106.50）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.50)European Farmers: Importance of Adapting to Climate ChangeNew Stanford research reveals that farmers in Europe will see crop yields affected as global temperat
3、ures rise, but that adaptation can help slow the decline for some crops. For corn, the anticipated loss is roughly 10 percent, the research shows. Farmers of these crops have already seen yield growth slow down since 1980 as temperatures have risen, though other policy and economic factors have also
4、 played a role. “The results clearly showed that modest amounts of climate change can have a big impact on yields of several crops in Europe,“ said Stanford doctoral student Frances Moore, who conducted the research with David Lobell, an associate professor of environmental Earth system science. Moo
5、re described the results as somewhat surprising because Europe is fairly cool. “So you might think it would benefit from moderate amounts of warming,“ she said. “Our next step was to actually measure the potential of European farmers to adapt to these impacts.“ “By adaptation, we mean a range of opt
6、ions based on existing technologies, such as switching varieties of a crop, installing irrigation or growing a different crop, one better suited to warmer temperatures,“ said Lobell. “These things have been talked about for a long time, but the novelty (新奇) of this study was using past data to quant
7、ify (量化) the actual potential of adaptation to reduce climate change impacts. We find that in some cases adaptation could substantially reduce impacts, but in other cases the potential may be very limited with current technologies.“ Moore pointed out that the biggest issues are often how quickly far
8、mers in Europe will adapt to climate change (adaptation uncertainty) and how crop yields will respond to climate change (response uncertainty). “This paper has shown that crops in Europe are sensitive to warming and that adaptation can be important in reducing that impact,“ Moore said. “The next que
9、stion is how quickly farmers will use the available options for adapting. Europe has already seen a lot of warming, so we should expect to already see adaptation if farmers are quick to respond to climate signals.“（分数：12.50）(1).What does the new Stanford research show?（分数：2.50）A.People can do nothin
10、g about global warming.B.The influence of global temperature rise is increasing.C.People can do something to slow the decline for some crops.D.All crops“ yields will decline as global temperatures rise.(2).What happened to the crop yields since 1980?（分数：2.50）A.The yields of all the crops have been d
11、eclining.B.The yield growth of some crops becomes slower.C.The global temperatures become not so stable as before.D.Policy and economic factors began to affect crop yields.(3).What does Moore think about the results of their research?（分数：2.50）A.Unexpected.B.Unbelievable.C.Alarming.D.Pessimistic.(4).
12、What can be counted as “adaption“ according to Lobell?（分数：2.50）A.Exploring new technologies.B.Grow crops in greenhouses.C.Install irrigating systems.D.Release less greenhouse gases.(5).What does Moore suggest in the last paragraph?（分数：2.50）A.Farmers in Europe should respond faster to climate signals
13、.B.Farmers in Europe respond well to global warming.C.The pace of global warming can be slowed down.D.There isn“t any available option for adapting at present.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)If you sit all day at an office and worry about its effect on your weight and health, take a few breaks. That“s
14、the advice from a new study that finds that people who sit for extended periods of time without taking short breaks are at higher risk for heart disease than those who take more frequent timeouts to stand up and walk around. The cardiovascular (心脏血管的) risk that stems from remaining sedentary for pro
15、longed periods of time (at the office, for example) manifests itself in the form of larger waists, higher blood pressure, increased body inflammation and lower levels of “good“ cholesterol (胆固醇), the authors noted. What“s more, the negative impact of such lengthy bouts (一阵) of inactivity seems to ap
16、ply even to those who routinely go to the gym. “These findings are not surprising,“ said Dr. Murray A. Mittleman, director of the cardiovascular epidemiology research unit at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and an associate professor in the department of epidemiology at the Harvard School of Pu
17、blic Health in Boston. “In fact, the Surgeon General report recommends that individuals should accumulate activity incrementally throughout the day,“ noted Mittleman, who was not a member of the Australian research team. “And this is really consistent with that.“ The team, led by Genevieve N. Healy,
18、 of the Cancer Prevention Research Center in the School of Population Health at the University of Queensland in Herston, Australia, reported their findings in the Jan. 12 online edition of the European Heart Journal . “Even if you exercise for 30 to 60 minutes a day, what you do for the rest of the
19、day may also be important for your cardiovascular health,“ Healy explained. “This research suggests that even small changes to a person“s activity levels (as little as standing up regularly) might help to lower cardiovascular risk. These changes can be readily incorporated into the person“s day-to-d
20、ay life (including the work environment). Stand up, move more, more often, could be used as a slogan to help get this message across.“（分数：71.00）(1).What is the advice from a new study according to the passage?（分数：14.20）A.Those who sit for a long time without breaks are at higher risk for heart disea
21、se.B.Those who have frequent short breaks are at higher risk for heart disease.C.Those who sit all day long and worry about their health should take short rests.D.Those who sit all day long and take short breaks don“t need to worry about their health.(2).What causes the cardiovascular risk?（分数：14.20
22、）A.Keeping calm for a long time.B.Keeping angry for a long time.C.Keeping sad for a long time.D.Keeping still for a long time.(3).What is Mittleman“s attitude toward the recommendation from the Surgeon General report?（分数：14.20）A.He thinks the recommendation agrees with these findings.B.He thinks the
23、 recommendation is opposed to these findings.C.He thinks individuals should add exercises incrementally throughout the day.D.He thinks people should accept the recommendation.(4).What did the team of the Cancer Prevention Research Center do?（分数：14.20）A.The team issued a report written by Healy.B.The
24、 team found their report online.C.The team issued their study online.D.The team made an online journal.(5).What do we learn from the last paragraph?（分数：14.20）A.What people do for the rest of the day may be unimportant for their health.B.People should exercise more often to lower cardiovascular risk.
25、C.Small changes to a person“s work environment might help to lower cardiovascular risk.D.People should exercise for a long time every day to keep healthy.六、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.水稻在中国，水稻生产是国民经济的重要组成部分。中国人早在公元前 4000年就开始了水稻种植，而后逐渐传播到世界各地。目前，中国是世界上最大的水稻生产国，水稻产量占世界产量的 26%。我国水稻主要种植于 长江 (the Y
26、angtze River)沿岸及南方各省份。米饭是中国人，特别是南方人，非常重要的 主食 (staple food)。此外，水稻还可以用来酿酒、制糖及用作工业原料。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 523答案解析(总分：210.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman
27、 of the Student Union. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1你认为自己具备什么条件(能力、性格、爱好等)可以胜任学生会主席的工作? 2如果当选，你将为同学做什么? （分数：106.50）_正确答案：()解析：A Campaign SpeechLadies and Gentlemen, Good evening! Thank you for coming to this election campaign today. With the trus
28、t and complete support of my team, I am delighted to announce that I am running for chairman of the Student Union. There are some reasons, I think, to join the activity. As a diligent man with pleasant personality, I have always been considered to be a good team member. Moreover, as a big fan of spo
29、rts, it is essential to realize the importance of teamwork and advocate the spirit of being quicker and stronger. I possess strong determination to take firm steps toward achieving the objectives of my team. My working experience with the Student Union in the past two years will still be extremely h
30、elpful to my future work here if I get elected. I believe that the sign of a really strong organization is that it can change its leadership without hindering its progress and without damaging its values. If I am elected, I believe I have the capability to lead the Union to advance in the right dire
31、ction. I will cooperate well with my fellow members of the Union and take innovative measures, including forming a teacher-student-friendship association, establishing a student-information center, making the Union a true assistance to students“ study and life here as well as a bridge of communicati
32、on between teachers and students. Thank you very much.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.50)European Farmers: Importance of Adapting to Climate ChangeNew Stanford research reveals that farmers in Europe will see crop yields affected as global temperatures rise, but that ada
33、ptation can help slow the decline for some crops. For corn, the anticipated loss is roughly 10 percent, the research shows. Farmers of these crops have already seen yield growth slow down since 1980 as temperatures have risen, though other policy and economic factors have also played a role. “The re
34、sults clearly showed that modest amounts of climate change can have a big impact on yields of several crops in Europe,“ said Stanford doctoral student Frances Moore, who conducted the research with David Lobell, an associate professor of environmental Earth system science. Moore described the result
35、s as somewhat surprising because Europe is fairly cool. “So you might think it would benefit from moderate amounts of warming,“ she said. “Our next step was to actually measure the potential of European farmers to adapt to these impacts.“ “By adaptation, we mean a range of options based on existing
36、technologies, such as switching varieties of a crop, installing irrigation or growing a different crop, one better suited to warmer temperatures,“ said Lobell. “These things have been talked about for a long time, but the novelty (新奇) of this study was using past data to quantify (量化) the actual pot
37、ential of adaptation to reduce climate change impacts. We find that in some cases adaptation could substantially reduce impacts, but in other cases the potential may be very limited with current technologies.“ Moore pointed out that the biggest issues are often how quickly farmers in Europe will ada
38、pt to climate change (adaptation uncertainty) and how crop yields will respond to climate change (response uncertainty). “This paper has shown that crops in Europe are sensitive to warming and that adaptation can be important in reducing that impact,“ Moore said. “The next question is how quickly fa
39、rmers will use the available options for adapting. Europe has already seen a lot of warming, so we should expect to already see adaptation if farmers are quick to respond to climate signals.“（分数：12.50）(1).What does the new Stanford research show?（分数：2.50）A.People can do nothing about global warming.
40、B.The influence of global temperature rise is increasing.C.People can do something to slow the decline for some crops. D.All crops“ yields will decline as global temperatures rise.解析：解析 根据题干中的 the new Stanford research show定位到原文第一段。该段中指出，斯坦福大学的新研究显示，欧洲的农场主将看到全球气温升高对农作物产量的影响，但适应变化就能减缓部分作物产量的下降。由此可知，对
41、于作物产量的下降，人们还是可以采取一些措施使之放缓的，C 项表述正确。A、D 两项表述与原文不符，B 项表述在原文中并未提及，故选 C。(2).What happened to the crop yields since 1980?（分数：2.50）A.The yields of all the crops have been declining.B.The yield growth of some crops becomes slower. C.The global temperatures become not so stable as before.D.Policy and econom
42、ic factors began to affect crop yields.解析：解析 根据题干中的 1980定位到原文第二段。该段第二句中指出，种植这些作物的农场主已经发现，自 1980年以来，随着气温的升高，作物产量的增长速度逐渐放缓，尽管其他政策和经济因素对此也有一定影响。由此可见，B 项表述符合原文，故选 B。(3).What does Moore think about the results of their research?（分数：2.50）A.Unexpected. B.Unbelievable.C.Alarming.D.Pessimistic.解析：解析 根据题干中的 M
43、oore think about the results定位到原文第四段。该段首句中指出，穆尔对研究结果略感惊讶，因为欧洲还是相当凉爽的。四个选项与原文中的 surprising“令人感到意外的”意义最为接近的是 Unexpected，故选 A。(4).What can be counted as “adaption“ according to Lobell?（分数：2.50）A.Exploring new technologies.B.Grow crops in greenhouses.C.Install irrigating systems. D.Release less greenhou
44、se gases.解析：解析 根据题干中的 be counted as “adaption“ according to Lobell定位到原文第五段。该段首句中罗贝尔说道：“在我们看来，适应就是以现有技术为基础的一系列措施，如更换作物品种，安装灌溉设施或种植一种完全不同的但能适应较高温度的作物。”四个选项中符合原文的只有 C项，故选C。(5).What does Moore suggest in the last paragraph?（分数：2.50）A.Farmers in Europe should respond faster to climate signals. B.Farmers
45、in Europe respond well to global warming.C.The pace of global warming can be slowed down.D.There isn“t any available option for adapting at present.解析：解析 根据题干定位到原文最后一段。该段首句中穆尔说到适应变化对于减少这种影响很重要，随后又说道：“下一个问题是农场主能够在多短的时间内采取可行的适应措施。欧洲已经变暖了不少，所以如果农场主能够迅速对气候信号做出反应的话，我们可以期待看到他们采取适应措施了。”由此可见，在穆尔看来，农场主们应该更快地
46、对气候信号做出反应，A 项表述正确，故选 A。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)If you sit all day at an office and worry about its effect on your weight and health, take a few breaks. That“s the advice from a new study that finds that people who sit for extended periods of time without taking short breaks are at higher risk f
47、or heart disease than those who take more frequent timeouts to stand up and walk around. The cardiovascular (心脏血管的) risk that stems from remaining sedentary for prolonged periods of time (at the office, for example) manifests itself in the form of larger waists, higher blood pressure, increased body
48、 inflammation and lower levels of “good“ cholesterol (胆固醇), the authors noted. What“s more, the negative impact of such lengthy bouts (一阵) of inactivity seems to apply even to those who routinely go to the gym. “These findings are not surprising,“ said Dr. Murray A. Mittleman, director of the cardio
49、vascular epidemiology research unit at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and an associate professor in the department of epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston. “In fact, the Surgeon General report recommends that individuals should accumulate activity incrementally throughou
