1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 514 及答案解析(总分：270.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the importance of hard work and then explain how to make the best p
2、reparation to seize every opportunity. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)People“s tastes in recreation differ widely. At a recent festival of pop-music in the Isle of Wight, crowds of teenagers
3、flocked to listen to their favorite singers and musicians. They went with single railway tickets and slept in the open, a very risky thing to do in the climate of Britain, even in August. They were packed together like sardines for four days. There were innumerable thieves, a gang of roughs tried se
4、veral times to break things up, and police were everywhere. At the end of the festival many young fans found themselves broke, with no money left, and they had difficulty in getting back home. Most people would consider these conditions a nightmare of discomfort; the fans appeared to enjoy it all en
5、ormously. Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open un-spoilt country, where people with more traditional tastes can go for quiet, and for the sense of freedom they derive from contact with nature. In the national parks especially, modem development of housing and industr
6、y is strictly controlled. Visitors may walk for miles through landscape of the greatest beauty and wildness, and often of considerable historic or scientific interest. Along the coasts of some of the maritime counties, public pathways have been created; these paths stretch for many miles along cliff
7、s that look out on the Atlantic Ocean or the English Channel. Another path, lying inland, goes along the range of mountains in the north of England. It is called the Pennine Way. Here, the long-distance walker and the nature-lover can find much to enjoy, without feeling disturbed by large numbers of
8、 their fellows. Yet few people make full use of the national parks established for everyone“s benefit. The commonest thing nowadays is for family groups to motor out to a beautiful spot and park their cars in a lay-by (英国的路旁停车带). A picnic basket is produced, along with a folding table and chairs, a
9、kettle and a portable stove. They then settle down to a picnic in the lay-by beside the car. Apparently their idea of enjoyment is to get into the fresh air and amongst the country sights and sounds without having to walk a yard. They seem almost to like to hear and to smell the traffic.（分数：71.00）(1
10、).In Britain it is very risky to _.（分数：14.20）A.go with a single railway ticketB.listen to pop-music at the festivalC.sleep in the openD.pack together in crowds(2).At the end of the festival, many young fans _.（分数：14.20）A.were arrested by the policeB.had spent most of their moneyC.were sleeping outD.
11、became quite penniless(3).Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large _.（分数：14.20）A.tracks through the open countryB.areas of country without soilC.areas of countryside not developedD.expanses of land where nobody works(4).Public pathways are created for people to _.（分数：14.20）A.commute to
12、 workB.enjoy long-distance walkingC.walk to maritime countiesD.visit the historic or scenic sites(5).Family groups nowadays like to _.（分数：14.20）A.have meals out of doors by the road-sideB.go for a walk away from homeC.drive out past the beautiful placesD.hear and smell the animals五、Passage Two(总题数：1
13、，分数：72.50)Scores of university halls of residences and lecture theatres in the UK were judged “at serious risk of major failure or breakdown“ and “unfit for purpose“, a secret database obtained after a legal battle by the Guardian reveals. Some of the most popular, high-ranking institutions, such as
14、 the London School of Economics, had 41% of their lecture theatres and classrooms deemed unsuitable for current use, while Imperial College London had 12% of its non-residential buildings branded “inoperable“. At City University, 41% of the student apartments were judged unfit for purpose. Universit
15、ies argue they have spent hundreds of millions in freshening them up since the judgments were made two years ago and use some of the buildings for storage purposes only. The government agency that holds the information, the Higher Education Funding Council for England (Hefce), was forced to reveal i
16、t after an information tribunal (法庭) ruled in the Guardian “s favour, agreeing that it was in the public“s interest for the data to be made public. Hefce is thought to have spent up to 50,000 trying to conceal the data from the Guardian , which requested it two and a half years ago. The newspaper“s
17、lawyer, Aidan Eardley, said the case would make it harder for government agencies to withhold information in future. The database, which aims to help universities compare the condition of their estate with their competitors, shows more than 90% of higher education institutions had at least 10% of th
18、eir buildings judged below the “sound and operationally safe“ category. One in 10 institutions had at least 10% of their estate judged inoperable and at serious risk of major breakdown. Universities employ surveyors to judge the condition of their estate according to four categories: as new; sound a
19、nd operationally safe; operational but in need of major repair and inoperable; posing a serious risk of major failure and breakdown. The surveyors also record whether buildings are suitable for student living, teaching and learning under four more categories, from “excellent“ to “unsuitable for curr
20、ent use“. Property consultants who advise universities said that, at its most extreme, buildings deemed inoperable could break fire regulations, have leaks and rot.（分数：72.50）(1).In the “legal battle“, it was ruled by court that _.（分数：14.50）A.many universities had buildings at serious riskB.the risk
21、of university buildings should be revealedC.the Guardianmustn“t interfere in university administrationD.universities should improve the quality of their buildings(2).The word “deemed“ in the second paragraph has the closest meaning to “_“.（分数：14.50）A.judgedB.revealedC.criticizedD.concealed(3).What d
22、id universities do with the buildings at risk?（分数：14.50）A.They denied the risk of the buildings.B.They were ignorant of the risk of the buildings.C.They did improvement to the buildings.D.They were short of fund to repair the buildings.(4).The database was originally intended for _.（分数：14.50）A.the g
23、overnmentB.the HefceC.the publicD.the universities(5).At least _ of the university estate was judged inoperable and at serious risk of major breakdown.（分数：14.50）A.1%B.10%C.9%D.90%六、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.五行学说 (the theory of five elements)是中国古代的一种物质观。五行包括金、木、水、火和土五种要素。五行学说强调整体概念，描绘了事物的结构关系
24、和运动形式。五行学说认为宇宙万物都是基于这五种要素的运行和变化。这五个要素相互作用，不但影响到人的命运，同时也使宇宙万物循环不已。五行学说成熟于 汉代 (the Han Dynasty)，之后广泛应用于中医、建筑和 武术 (martial arts)等领域。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 514 答案解析(总分：270.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based o
25、n the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the importance of hard work and then explain how to make the best preparation to seize every opportunity. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_正确答案：()解析：Work as if You Don“t Need MoneyIt i
26、s estimated that work accounts for one third of one“s whole life. Yet it seems that many people are anything but satisfied with their work. It is only natural that people sometimes wish for windfalls. However, one really needs to comply with the old saying no pain, no gain if he or she desires to cl
27、imb up the social ladder higher. People can find various excuses if unwilling to exert themselves in work; for example, complaining that the work they undertake is time-consuming, trivial or labourious. But no opportunity can grow out of thin air; only hard work can be the key to success in career,
28、just as the cartoon shows, opportunity will come to you in disguise of hard work. A case in point can be Steven Jobs who worked long hours every day to work out innovation plans for his products and finally was hailed as Father of Apple. On the contrary, endless complaints and regrets are weapons of
29、 losers. Therefore, we should work hard and make every effort to prepare for the best, and finally time will testify whether all our pain is worthwhile. 解析 这是一篇图画类作文。工作大约会占据人一生三分之一的时间，不是所有的工作都能让人笑逐颜开，工作中更多的是责任和挑战，贪图一时享受终难成大器。本篇作文正是借助漫画，引发考生对努力工作与机遇之间关系的思考。directions 要求先简单描述 the importance of hard wo
30、rk，然后解释如何做好准备抓住每一个机遇，因此，考生最好先从工作的重要性入手，并指出人们当今对工作的态度，最后提出建议。 第一段：陈述现状并引出话题，总述工作的重要性。 第二段：从三个方面阐述工作的重要性(1努力工作是攀登社会阶梯的必要调件；2努力工作是通往事业成功的钥匙：以乔布斯的例子佐证；3相反，抱怨和悔恨则是失败者的武器)。 第三段：总结全文呼吁大家努力工作、力求更好，时间会给我们一个答案。二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)People“s tastes in recreation differ
31、 widely. At a recent festival of pop-music in the Isle of Wight, crowds of teenagers flocked to listen to their favorite singers and musicians. They went with single railway tickets and slept in the open, a very risky thing to do in the climate of Britain, even in August. They were packed together l
32、ike sardines for four days. There were innumerable thieves, a gang of roughs tried several times to break things up, and police were everywhere. At the end of the festival many young fans found themselves broke, with no money left, and they had difficulty in getting back home. Most people would cons
33、ider these conditions a nightmare of discomfort; the fans appeared to enjoy it all enormously. Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open un-spoilt country, where people with more traditional tastes can go for quiet, and for the sense of freedom they derive from contact wi
34、th nature. In the national parks especially, modem development of housing and industry is strictly controlled. Visitors may walk for miles through landscape of the greatest beauty and wildness, and often of considerable historic or scientific interest. Along the coasts of some of the maritime counti
35、es, public pathways have been created; these paths stretch for many miles along cliffs that look out on the Atlantic Ocean or the English Channel. Another path, lying inland, goes along the range of mountains in the north of England. It is called the Pennine Way. Here, the long-distance walker and t
36、he nature-lover can find much to enjoy, without feeling disturbed by large numbers of their fellows. Yet few people make full use of the national parks established for everyone“s benefit. The commonest thing nowadays is for family groups to motor out to a beautiful spot and park their cars in a lay-
37、by (英国的路旁停车带). A picnic basket is produced, along with a folding table and chairs, a kettle and a portable stove. They then settle down to a picnic in the lay-by beside the car. Apparently their idea of enjoyment is to get into the fresh air and amongst the country sights and sounds without having t
38、o walk a yard. They seem almost to like to hear and to smell the traffic.（分数：71.00）(1).In Britain it is very risky to _.（分数：14.20）A.go with a single railway ticketB.listen to pop-music at the festivalC.sleep in the open D.pack together in crowds解析：解析 根据题干信息词 risky 可将答案定位到第一段第三句。 该句提到：“他们(青少年们)只买得起去音
39、乐节的单程火车票，甚至不惜露宿街头，在英国那种气候条件下，即便是在八月份，他们的这种行为也是非常危险的。”故选 C。(2).At the end of the festival, many young fans _.（分数：14.20）A.were arrested by the policeB.had spent most of their moneyC.were sleeping outD.became quite penniless 解析：解析 根据题干信息 at the end of the festival 可将答案定位到第一段倒数第二句。 该句提到：“音乐节结束后，许多年轻歌迷发现
40、自己身无分文，想要回家都很困难。”故选 D。became quite penniless 即意为“身无分文”，是对 broke 和 with no money left 的同义转述。(3).Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large _.（分数：14.20）A.tracks through the open countryB.areas of country without soilC.areas of countryside not developed D.expanses of land where nobody works
41、解析：解析 根据题干信息 even in the overcrowded United Kingdom 可将答案定位到第二段第一句。 原文提到：“Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open un-spoilt country.(即便是在英国这样拥挤的国家，也有一大片一大片未遭破坏的乡村地区)”选项 C 中的not developed 是原文中 un-spoilt 的同义转述，故为正确答案。(4).Public pathways are created for people to _.（分数：14.2
42、0）A.commute to workB.enjoy long-distance walking C.walk to maritime countiesD.visit the historic or scenic sites解析：解析 根据题干信息 public pathways 可将答案定位到第二段第四句。 原文提到，一些海滨县城修建了公路，在内陆，沿英国北部的山脉也有一条公路。远途旅行者和热爱大自然的人能够收获不少乐趣，而且不会有被大批其他游人打搅的感觉。可见，开辟公路就是为了让人们能够享受远足，享受自然，故选 B。(5).Family groups nowadays like to _.
43、（分数：14.20）A.have meals out of doors by the road-side B.go for a walk away from homeC.drive out past the beautiful placesD.hear and smell the animals解析：解析 根据题干信息 family groups nowadays 可将答案定位到第三段第二句。 原文提到，现下最为常见的事情就是，全家人一起开车去一个美丽的景点，将车停在路边的停车带。然后他们就拿出准备好的各种工具和食物在自己的汽车旁野餐，故选 A。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：7
44、2.50)Scores of university halls of residences and lecture theatres in the UK were judged “at serious risk of major failure or breakdown“ and “unfit for purpose“, a secret database obtained after a legal battle by the Guardian reveals. Some of the most popular, high-ranking institutions, such as the
45、London School of Economics, had 41% of their lecture theatres and classrooms deemed unsuitable for current use, while Imperial College London had 12% of its non-residential buildings branded “inoperable“. At City University, 41% of the student apartments were judged unfit for purpose. Universities a
46、rgue they have spent hundreds of millions in freshening them up since the judgments were made two years ago and use some of the buildings for storage purposes only. The government agency that holds the information, the Higher Education Funding Council for England (Hefce), was forced to reveal it aft
47、er an information tribunal (法庭) ruled in the Guardian “s favour, agreeing that it was in the public“s interest for the data to be made public. Hefce is thought to have spent up to 50,000 trying to conceal the data from the Guardian , which requested it two and a half years ago. The newspaper“s lawye
48、r, Aidan Eardley, said the case would make it harder for government agencies to withhold information in future. The database, which aims to help universities compare the condition of their estate with their competitors, shows more than 90% of higher education institutions had at least 10% of their buildings judged below the “sound and operationally safe“ category. One in 10 institutions had at least 10% of their estate judged inoperable and at serious risk of major breakdown. Universities employ surveyors to judge the
