1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 513 及答案解析(总分：149.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. You should write a short essay on the topic of Online Games. 写作导航 1.指出年轻人容易沉迷于网络游戏这
2、一社会现象；2.阐述网络游戏并非一无是处；3.提出自己的观点：只要足够自制，可以从网络游戏中获得真正的快乐。 （分数：20.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.50)Computers and HumansThe ideal companion machinethe computerwould not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also behave in a pleasant manner. Its informal conversa
3、tional style make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable (不可预知的) and therefore very interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machine would n
4、ot be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own. Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it
5、 imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy. The whole process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity t
6、hat would be likely to produce irritation (恼怒). After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well-timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept the computer as far more than a machine and might well come to regard it as a friend. An artificial relationship of this type would provi
7、de many of the benefits that people obtain from interpersonal friendships. The computer would participate in interesting conversation that could continue from previous discussions. It would have a familiarity with the user“s life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good
8、-humored. The computer“s own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such as these, the computer might indeed become a very attractive social partner.（分数：12.50）(1).Which feature belongs to the computer as an ideal companion mach
9、ine?（分数：2.50）A.Cheap in price.B.Enjoyable in performance.C.Subtle in personality.D.Unpredictable in behaviour.(2).What would the computer do according to Paragraph 1 ?（分数：2.50）A.Passively receive information.B.Become intimate right away.C.Have its own personality.D.Know everything about the user.(3)
10、.What does the author imply by saying “ Friendships are not made in a day “ (Line 1, Para. 2)?（分数：2.50）A.The computer can become a friend of humans soon.B.The computer will never be a friend of humans.C.It takes time for the computer to be accepted as a friend.D.It is possible that the computer beco
11、mes a friend of humans.(4).The computer would develop friendships with humans in a(n) _ way.（分数：2.50）A.quickB.unpredictableC.subtleD.easy(5).Throughout the passage, the author is _ in his attitude toward the computer.（分数：2.50）A.favourableB.criticalC.vagueD.hesitant五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Paragr
12、aph 1 Kodak“s decision to file for bankruptcy (破产) protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution. Paragraph 2 Althoug
13、h many attribute Kodak“s downfall to “complacency (自满),“ that explanation doesn“t acknowledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film-and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975but in a fat
14、eful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional film business. Paragraph 3 It wasn“t that Kodak was blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the t
15、ime the company realized its mistake, it was too late. Paragraph 4 Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching to new markets because there is a temptat
16、ion to put existing assets into the new businesses. Paragraph 5 Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate (企业的)culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuc
17、k in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a liability. Paragraph 6 Kodak“s downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new co
18、mpetition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak“s decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its spons
19、orship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.（分数：10.00）(1).What do we learn about Kodak?（分数：2.00）A.It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B.It is approaching its downfall.C.It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D.It is playing the dominant role in the film market.(2).Why does t
20、he author mention Kodak“s invention of the first digital camera?（分数：2.00）A.To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B.To show its effort to overcome complacency.C.To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D.To show its will to compete with Japan“s Fuji Photo.(3).Why do large compani
21、es have difficulty switching to new markets?（分数：2.00）A.They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B.They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C.They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D.They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.(4).What does the author say Kodak“s histor
22、y has become?（分数：2.00）A.A burden.B.A mirror.C.A joke.D.A challenge.(5).What was Kodak“s fatal mistake?（分数：2.00）A.Its blind faith in traditional photography.B.Its failure to see Fuji Photo“s emergence.C.Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D.Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.六、Part Tran
23、slation(总题数：1，分数：106.50)2.仅仅通过鼠标一点，购物者就能在网上买到几乎任何东西：从食品杂货到汽车，从保险单(insurance policies)到房贷。电子商务(electronic commerce)的世界使得消费者无需离开舒适的家就能够在数以百万计的网店购物，并且完成付款。消费者期望商家(merchants)不仅仅能够在网上销售产品，而且能够让支付过程变得简单、安全。当然，网络购物者也需要谨慎小心以保证愉快、安全的网购经历。 （分数：106.50）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 513 答案解析(总分：149.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总
24、题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. You should write a short essay on the topic of Online Games. 写作导航 1.指出年轻人容易沉迷于网络游戏这一社会现象；2.阐述网络游戏并非一无是处；3.提出自己的观点：只要足够自制，可以从网络游戏中获得真正的快乐。 （分数：
25、20.00）_正确答案：()解析：范文 Online GamesAs a product of modern computer and the Internet, online games have won great popularity among people, youngsters in particular. However, some people believe that young people who lack self-discipline can easily get indulged in these games and their health and academi
26、c performances are severely affected. This phenomenon can be found on TV reports from time to time, and many teachers and parents have expressed their concerns over this. However, some others argue that online games are not always harmful. They can train the ability of youngsters to respond to thing
27、s quickly. Moreover, they can stimulate their imagination and their interest in computer science. More importantly, it does bring people much pleasure and satisfaction, and release their pressure greatly. From my point of view, online games are a wonderful entertainment if you play them in a reasona
28、ble way. When they interfere too much with your life, you“d better give them up at once. Yet if you have enough self-control over them, you can certainly obtain real pleasure and benefit a lot from them.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.50)Computers and HumansThe ideal com
29、panion machinethe computerwould not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also behave in a pleasant manner. Its informal conversational style make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable (不可预知的) and therefore very interesting. In its first encounter i
30、t might be somewhat hesitant, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topi
31、c and would have a personality of its own. Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimul
32、ates attachment and intimacy. The whole process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation (恼怒). After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well-timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept
33、the computer as far more than a machine and might well come to regard it as a friend. An artificial relationship of this type would provide many of the benefits that people obtain from interpersonal friendships. The computer would participate in interesting conversation that could continue from prev
34、ious discussions. It would have a familiarity with the user“s life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good-humored. The computer“s own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such as these, the com
35、puter might indeed become a very attractive social partner.（分数：12.50）(1).Which feature belongs to the computer as an ideal companion machine?（分数：2.50）A.Cheap in price.B.Enjoyable in performance. C.Subtle in personality.D.Unpredictable in behaviour.解析：解析 根据题干中的 ideal companion machine 定位到原文第一段。该段前两句中
36、提到，理想的机器伴侣电脑将不会只是看起来、摸起来和听起来友好，它还可以以亲和的方式运行。由此可知B 项表述符合原文，故选 B。(2).What would the computer do according to Paragraph 1 ?（分数：2.50）A.Passively receive information.B.Become intimate right away.C.Have its own personality. D.Know everything about the user.解析：解析 根据题干定位到原文第一段。该段第三句和第四句中提到，初次结识的时候它可能会有些迟疑，但
37、是随着对其使用者的了解不断加深，它会改进为一个更为轻松和亲密的方式。电脑将不是一个被动的参与者，它会提供自己的建议、信息和看法；它有时候还会主动拓展和改变主题，并且拥有自己的个性。由此可见，A、B 两项表述错误，C 项表述符合原文，故选 C。D 项表述并未在原文中提及，可排除。(3).What does the author imply by saying “ Friendships are not made in a day “ (Line 1, Para. 2)?（分数：2.50）A.The computer can become a friend of humans soon.B.The
38、 computer will never be a friend of humans.C.It takes time for the computer to be accepted as a friend. D.It is possible that the computer becomes a friend of humans.解析：解析 根据题干定位到原文第二段。该段首句中提到，友谊不是在一天内铸就的，如果电脑模仿人与人相互了解的过程中所逐渐发生的变化，它就会更容易被接受成为朋友。可见电脑是可以成为人类的朋友的，只是需要一个渐进的过程和时间。因而 C 项表述符合原文，故选 C。(4).Th
39、e computer would develop friendships with humans in a(n) _ way.（分数：2.50）A.quickB.unpredictableC.subtle D.easy解析：解析 该题考查电脑与人类之间友谊形成的方式。原文第二段第三句中提到，电脑与人类发展友谊的整个过程是以微妙的方式实现的，以避免产生一种过度熟悉的印象而令人恼怒。故选 C。(5).Throughout the passage, the author is _ in his attitude toward the computer.（分数：2.50）A.favourable B.
40、criticalC.vagueD.hesitant解析：解析 该题考查作者对电脑的态度。原文第三段最后一句中指出，有了这样一些特性，电脑将有可能真的成为一个颇具魅力的社交伴侣。由此可见作者是很看好电脑的发展的，故选 A。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Paragraph 1 Kodak“s decision to file for bankruptcy (破产) protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pionee
41、red consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution. Paragraph 2 Although many attribute Kodak“s downfall to “complacency (自满),“ that explanation doesn“t acknowledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Dec
42、ades ago, Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film-and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional film business. Paragraph 3 It wasn“t that Kodak was blind to the fu
43、ture, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the company realized its mistake, it was too late. Paragraph 4 Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent
44、 a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching to new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses. Paragraph 5 Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate (企业的)c
45、ulture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a liability. Paragraph 6 Kodak“s downfall over the last several decades was
46、 dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak“s decision not to pursu
47、e the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.（分数：10.00）(1).What do we learn about Kodak?（分数：2.00）A.It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B.It is approa
48、ching its downfall. C.It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D.It is playing the dominant role in the film market.解析：解析 learn about。本题题干太抽象，可同时浏览下一题定位词：first digital camera顺序原则 回原文阅读，读完第一段看选项，其实就可以用排除法选出 B 选项了。A 选项中 sudden 驳斥了原文中的not unexpected(False)；C 选项中 initiated the digital revolution 驳斥了 failed to adapted to the digital revolution(False)；D 选项具有一些迷惑性，注意 it is playing the dominant role 是现在进行时态，而原文中的 dominated 一词是过去式，柯达的强大只是明日黄花而已(False)。真经派排除法 注意 B 选项 approach 和 downfall 两个词，是首段 decision to file bankruptcy protection(决定申请破产保护)的同义改写，而且 downfall
