1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 505及答案解析(总分：268.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then write a composition on Gratitude. You should write at least 120 words b
2、ut no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. （分数：20.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year. Earlier th
3、is month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couple“s income. This is not
4、 necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they did in 1990. Considering that
5、labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center“s expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices. So who“s to blame for higher childcare costs? Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch
6、over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can“t really achieve any economies of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, wher
7、e childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infants, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than $5,000. Unfortunately, I don“t have all the daycare-center regula
8、tions handy. But I wouldn“t be surprised if as the rules have become more elaborate, prices have risen. The tradeoff (交换) might be worth it in some cases; after all, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheap service. But certainly, it doesn“t seem to be an accident that som
9、e of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South.（分数：71.00）(1).What problem do parents of small kids have to face?（分数：14.20）A.The ever-rising childcare prices.B.The budgeting of family expenses.C.The balance between work and family.D.The selection of a good daycare center.(2).What
10、 does the author feel puzzled about?（分数：14.20）A.Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.B.Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.C.Why childcare workers“ pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.D.Why there is a severe shortage of childcare pr
11、ofessionals in a number of states.(3).What prevents childcare centers from saving money?（分数：14.20）A.Steady increase in labor costs.B.Strict government regulations.C.Lack of support from the state.D.High administrative expenses.(4).Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than i
12、n Massachusetts?（分数：14.20）A.The overall quality of service is not as good.B.Payments for caregivers there are not as high.C.Living expenses there are comparatively low.D.Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.(5).What is the author“s view on daycare service?（分数：14.20）A.Caregivers should recei
13、ve regular professional training.B.Less elaborate rules about childcare might lower costs.C.It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.D.It is better for different states to learn from each other.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Avila, 18, isn“t a Doogie Howser-esque super achiever. The
14、 West Potomac High School senior is among hundreds of thousands of teenagers getting a head start on an associate“s or a bachelor“s degreeand saving on tuitionby taking college courses in high school. President Obama, who set the goal of having the United States claim the highest share of college gr
15、aduates of any country by 2020, is counting on the success of students such as Avila, a Mexican immigrant whose parents never finished high school. One approach policymakers are harnessing (利用) to help students such as her: dual enrollment programs that lower tuition and attract students who don“t t
16、hink college is within reach. The partnership between Fairfax County schools and Northern Virginia Community College sets Avila, one of six children, on a path to earn a bachelor“s degree. She wants to study dental hygiene (卫生学) at the community college in the fall and then transfer to Virginia Comm
17、onwealth University. Heading straight to a four-year university isn“t an option. “If I had the opportunity, I would, but there“s no money for it,“ Avila said. Her English and Government credits will make college less expensive. She“s paying reduced tuition$ 43 for the English composition course, whi
18、ch costs $ 286 for students at the NVCC campusand the high school buys the books. “As I tell kids and parents, it“s the best deal since sliced bread,“ said Bruce Jankowitz, assistant principal at West Potomac High, which offers six dual enrollment sessions in English and Government, up from two last
19、 year. “These are kids who have not come from the orientation that college is in your future. It serves a niche for students who are motivated to go to collegemaybe they are the first in their family to go to college.“ Raising the rate depends on getting more minority students into higher education.
20、 In the decade leading up to 2014-2015, public high schools are expected to produce about 207000 more Hispanic (说西班牙语的) graduatesa 54 percent jump, according to a report by the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education. There will be more Asian and black graduates and fewer whites.（分数：71.00
21、）(1).What kind of students do the dual enrollment programs intend to help?（分数：14.20）A.Students whose parents have received higher education.B.Students who think it“s impossible to go to college.C.Students who can afford tuition fees.D.Students with outstanding academic records.(2).The word “opportun
22、ity“ (Line 1, Para. 4) most probably refers to _.（分数：14.20）A.going to a community collegeB.going to a four-year universityC.getting more English and Government creditsD.being allowed to pay reduced tuition(3).We can learn from the passage that Avila _.（分数：14.20）A.is a college studentB.plans to go to
23、 a four-year university directlyC.is interested in dental hygieneD.has parents who are well-educated(4).Which of the following approaches is most effective for the US to raise its rate of college graduates?（分数：14.20）A.Helping more students of Mexican immigrants get higher education.B.Raising federal
24、 expenditure on college education.C.Enabling more minority students to enter college.D.Reducing the number of white college students.(5).This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled “_“.（分数：14.20）A.Avila, a Lucky DogB.College-High School Partnership ProgramC.Present Situation of High
25、er Education in the USD.Immigrant Students in the US六、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：106.50)2.“你要茶还是要咖啡?”是用餐人常被问到的问题。许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。相传，中国的一位帝王于五千多年前发现了茶，并用来治病。在 明清 (the Ming and Qing Dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国。饮茶在 6世纪传到日本，但直到 17、18 世纪才传到欧美。如今，茶是世界上最流行的 饮料 (beverage)之一。茶是中国的民族饮品，也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 （分数：106.50）
26、_大学英语四级分类模拟题 505答案解析(总分：268.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then write a composition on Gratitude. You should write at least 120 words b
27、ut no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：参考范文 GratitudeAs the picture depicts, the little girl insists on taking footbath for her mother although her mother doesn“t have the heart to trouble her darling to do so. We define the moving deed as a sign of filia
28、l piety. But what is the wellspring of filial piety? Gratitude! We are supposed to express our gratitude every day not merely confined to Thanksgiving Day. Several points account for the value of gratitude. Firstly, we should possess a thankful heart to our parents because they not merely grant us p
29、recious lives, but also illuminate the virtue of life. So we should cherish every opportunity to express our love for them. Secondly, we live in an interdependent world, where we also receive care from friends and strangers. Being grateful is the most meaningful way to show our reward. Thirdly, show
30、ing gratitude to each other has interactive impact, which plays an indispensable part in building a harmonious society. Let“s join the atmosphere of pure gratitude, for gratitude makes sense of our past, brings peace for today, and creates a vision for tomorrow. 解析 1第一段考生需简要描述漫画所勾勒的内容：母亲不忍心麻烦年幼的女儿为自
31、己洗脚，然而女儿一再坚持。我们往往把这种温暖而具体的行为视为孝心的细微体现，然而，冷静思索：孝心这种美德的源泉是什么?感恩! 2第二段考生需详尽分析：如今唤醒我们深怀感恩的意义何在?首先，父母给予我们宝贵的生命，并在生命的每个阶段为我们言传身教生命的美德，据此，感恩是我们对父母养育之恩的最佳感念；同时，我们生活在一个相互依存的世界中，人与人之间的关怀决定了需要用感恩来表达对彼此的报答；再次，感恩所带来的影响是相互的，这注定是我们建立和谐社会时必不可少的元素。 3第三段考生需号召并提倡：让我们一起融人浓浓的感恩情怀当中!并在结尾处以美国作家 Melody Beattie(美乐蒂碧缇)的名言作为对
32、感恩精神的再度抒发。二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year. Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant o
33、r small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couple“s income. This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The
34、 price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they did in 1990. Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center“s
35、expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices. So who“s to blame for higher childcare costs? Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute de
36、tails. And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can“t really achieve any economies of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infant
37、s, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than $5,000. Unfortunately, I don“t have all the daycare-center regulations handy. But I wouldn“t be surprised if as the rules have be
38、come more elaborate, prices have risen. The tradeoff (交换) might be worth it in some cases; after all, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheap service. But certainly, it doesn“t seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated So
39、uth.（分数：71.00）(1).What problem do parents of small kids have to face?（分数：14.20）A.The ever-rising childcare prices. B.The budgeting of family expenses.C.The balance between work and family.D.The selection of a good daycare center.解析：解析 根据题干中的 small kids将本题出处定位于第 2段第 l句。 第 1段最后一句提到，父母上班后请人照顾孩子的费用正在逐年增
40、长。第 2段第 1句承接该句进一步指出，2012年婴儿或小孩在看护中心登记的成本上升了 3%，比整体生活成本增速快得多。可见，孩子年纪小的父母不得不面对不断上升的看护价格。ever-rising 对应第 1段最后一句中的 is getting more expensive by the year。(2).What does the author feel puzzled about?（分数：14.20）A.Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.B.Why increased childcare prices h
41、ave not led to better service.C.Why childcare workers“ pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs. D.Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professionals in a number of states.解析：解析 根据题干中的 puzzled将本题出处定位于第 3段。 第 3段整体呈现总分结构，该段第 1句指出问题：看护中心价格逐年上涨并不是新趋势，但在某种程度上也很令人困惑。第 2句和第 3句阐述为何困惑：看护中
42、心价格逐年水涨船高，但是专业看护人员的工资不但未涨反而同比有所下降。C 是对第 3段第 2、3 句内容的综合概括，故为答案。(3).What prevents childcare centers from saving money?（分数：14.20）A.Steady increase in labor costs.B.Strict government regulations. C.Lack of support from the state.D.High administrative expenses.解析：解析 根据题干中的 saving money将本题出处定位于第 5段。 第 5段第
43、 1句指出，看护业一直被严格监管。第 3句中说，政府的规定越严格，看护业的成本也就越高。第 2句和第 4句分别详细阐述看护业是如何被严格监管的，以及政府的这种严格监管对看护业的费用产生的具体影响。由此可见，严格的政府法规使得看护业不能节约成本，故答案为 B。(4).Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than in Massachusetts?（分数：14.20）A.The overall quality of service is not as good.B.Payments for caregiver
44、s there are not as high.C.Living expenses there are comparatively low.D.Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids. 解析：解析 根据题干中的 average，Mississippi 和 Massachusetts将本题出处定位于第 5段最后两句。第 5段最后两句用具体的例子证明了政府的规定越严格，看护中心的成本就越高。由于在密西西比州，一位老师可以看护五个婴儿，比马萨诸塞州多两个，这使得平均看护成本也比马萨诸塞州也少得多。D 正是对这两句内容的概括，故为答案。(5).Wha
45、t is the author“s view on daycare service?（分数：14.20）A.Caregivers should receive regular professional training.B.Less elaborate rules about childcare might lower costs. C.It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.D.It is better for different states to learn from each other.解析：解析 最后一
46、段中作者主要阐述了自己对看护中心现状的一些看法，故将本题出处定位于该段。 最后一段前两句指出，尽管作者并没有所有看护中心的规定，但是作者可以确定的一点是，看护业的规定如果更复杂，其价格也会上涨。作者还在本段最后一句中指出，南方一些最便宜的看护中心的管理也最松散，这并不是偶然现象。由此可见，如果针对看护业的规定少一些的话，那么看护的成本也就会低一些，B是对作者观点的同义转述，故为答案。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Avila, 18, isn“t a Doogie Howser-esque super achiever. The West Potomac High S
47、chool senior is among hundreds of thousands of teenagers getting a head start on an associate“s or a bachelor“s degreeand saving on tuitionby taking college courses in high school. President Obama, who set the goal of having the United States claim the highest share of college graduates of any count
48、ry by 2020, is counting on the success of students such as Avila, a Mexican immigrant whose parents never finished high school. One approach policymakers are harnessing (利用) to help students such as her: dual enrollment programs that lower tuition and attract students who don“t think college is within reach. The partnership between Fairfax County schools and Northern Virginia Community College sets Avila, one of six children, on a path to earn a bachelor“s degree. She wants to study dental hygiene (卫生学) at the community college in the fall and then transfer to Virginia C
