1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 504 及答案解析(总分：268.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Children“s Participation in Reality Shows. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：20.00）_二、Part Reading
2、 Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)On Wednesday morning, eBay told its users to change their passwords. The online auction house and retailer announced in a press release that it had been hacked. Hackers gained unauthorised access to a database that included eBay customers“ names, hom
3、e addresses, dates of birth and encrypted (加密的) passwords, eBay said that financial information like credit card numbers were stored separately and were not compromised. Encouragingly, the company said it has seen no fraudulent activity as a result of the hack. The cyberattack took place between lat
4、e February and early March of this year, but eBay only detected it two weeks ago. The company plans to email customers about the security breach (洞) and tell them to change their passwords on eBay and any other website where the same password is used. The compromised passwords were encrypted, so it“
5、s unclear if the hackers are able to read them and use them elsewhere online. The cyberattack also swept up details like names and addresses, which could potentially be used to commit fraud outside of eBay. When asked how many people were affected by the attack, eBay referred the Huffington Post to
6、a webpage that simply states the company is asking all 145 million of its active buyers to change their passwords. It“s generally good password hygiene not to use the same password on different websites. But for eBay customers who have doubled up, the company is recommending you change your password
7、 on both eBay and all other sites where that same password was used. Cyberattacks can have a chilling effect on online customers, who must trust retailers with sensitive financial information to do business. Discount retailer Target has struggled to recover from a data breach discovered during last
8、year“s holiday shopping season, in which the credit card and debit card records of millions of customers were stolen. Since December, profits for the retail chain have fallen and its CEO has resigned. eBay also said that it does not want to speculate on who committed the attack while it“s working wi
9、th law enforcement.（分数：71.00）(1).What has not been attacked by hackers?（分数：14.20）A.eBay customers“ dates of birth.B.eBay customers“ home addresses.C.eBay customers“ names.D.eBay customers“ credit card numbers.(2).What is eBay“s response to the cyberattack?（分数：14.20）A.Dismissing its CEO and making a
10、public apology.B.Telling its users to report the loss of credit cards.C.Warning its users to change passwords.D.Learning from discount retailer Target.(3).Which of the following is true according to the passage?（分数：14.20）A.The stolen information about the customers may be used in fraudulent activiti
11、es.B.The cyberattack was detected by eBay as soon as it took place two weeks ago.C.eBay ensured its customers that their encrypted passwords can not be read by hackers.D.eBay said that there are 145 million buyers who were affected by the cyberattack.(4).The author tells about the story about Target
12、 in order to show that _.（分数：14.20）A.the Internet has both a good side and a bad sideB.data breaches have a great influence on a companyC.eBay has more customers whose information has been stolenD.it is hard to predict the number of customers who have been attacked(5).We can learn a lesson from the
13、passage that _.（分数：14.20）A.we should trust law enforcement when we meet fraudulent activitiesB.we should not use the same password when we are registering websitesC.we should not use credit cards or debit cards when we are doing business onlineD.there are many dishonest sellers like eBay that are st
14、ealing customers“ information五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)“Innovative“ does not necessarily mean radical or expensive, nor do the best ideas come from the top. A woman on the shop floor at Ford suggested putting symbols of different engine parts so that drivers would not need a manual to do somethin
15、g simple, such as check the oil. It proved so popular it is now common practice. Ford“s open policy towards employees“ ideas “generates tens of thousands of e-mails a month“, according to Ed Sketch, the director of training and development in America and Europe. The company has even employed people
16、to sift through them. Money-saving brainwaves are rewarded with big bonuses or a new car. Companies might want to recruit innovative thinkers, but do they really want nonconformists on board? Peer Granger, the head of Insight Training, which runs innovation workshops for companies, believes that the
17、 risk of not having them on board is greater. “It“s not like the old days, where companies could chum out the same old product year after year and customers would buy them. If companies don“t innovate, they die. Just look at the high street. And almost by definition, you have to be difficult in orde
18、r to innovate because it is about challenging the status quo.“ The problem is that innovators are usually seen as trouble-makers and are often the first people to go if a company is downsizing. There“s such a blame culture that people are scared to step outside the norms. In our workshops we show pe
19、ople the value of breaking rules.“ However, Granger thinks that difficult, innovative people would crumble without their conformist colleagues. “Crikey, you need the other people to say, “Hang on, maybe this isn“t a good idea“, which can save you a lot of hassle later. And turning an idea into reali
20、ty may involve office politics, which difficult people may not be good at.“（分数：71.00）(1).The example of the woman whose suggestion was popular indicates that _.（分数：14.20）A.everything that is beneficial to people can be said to be innovativeB.even the common people can put forward an innovative sugge
21、stionC.people are easy to accept new things that are helpful to themD.the ideas from the top sometimes are not as good as those from ordinary people(2).Who does the word “nonconformists“ (Line 1, Para. 3) refer to in this passage?（分数：14.20）A.People who refuse to believe in the Church.B.People who al
22、ways object to the top in the company.C.People who dare to be innovative.D.People who support the old ways of behaving.(3).What can we know about the market economy from the sentences “It“s not like the old days, .If companies don“t innovate, they die.“?（分数：14.20）A.The market economy is more develop
23、ed than ever before.B.Innovation is one decisive factor in companies“ survival.C.Customers are no longer satisfied with the products offered by companies.D.Companies will die if they ignore the customers“ interest.(4).According to Peer Granger, one of the reasons that contribute to the death of a co
24、mpany is that _.（分数：14.20）A.it tends to force workers to work overtimeB.it does not produce products with high quality for consumersC.it lacks efficient working staffD.it does not provide a good platform to innovators(5).The final paragraph discusses _.（分数：14.20）A.the cause for the failure of the in
25、novative peopleB.the lack of skills in office politics on the part of the innovative peopleC.the necessity of the cooperation between routineers and innovatorsD.the ultimate failure of the innovators六、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：106.50)2.“你要茶还是要咖啡”是用餐人常被问到的问题。许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。相传，中国的一位帝王于五千多年前发现了茶，并用
26、来治病。在明清(the Ming and Qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国。饮茶的习惯在 6 世纪传到日本，但直到十七八世纪才传到欧美。如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一。茶是中国的民族饮品，也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 （分数：106.50）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 504 答案解析(总分：268.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the
27、 topic of Children“s Participation in Reality Shows. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：【范文】 Children“s Participation in Reality ShowsNowadays, it has become a trend for children to participate in reality shows. However, is it really good for them? T
28、here are two sides for each coin. On one hand, participating in reality shows is good for children. First, it can make children more courageous and more confident. Second, some shows such as outdoor shows can make children more independent. For example, in some shows, children are required to accomp
29、lish some tasks by themselves. That is a good way to train the children. On the other hand, children“s participation in reality shows may cause some disadvantages to them. For instance, children may become vainglorious if they win some fame from the shows. They may tend to pay more attention to unde
30、served reputation instead of studying hard. And they may overlook the importance of working hard. As a result, you really need to think carefully before you take your children to reality shows. I personally feel that these shows make the children grow up too fast. Why not just let them be children?二
31、、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)On Wednesday morning, eBay told its users to change their passwords. The online auction house and retailer announced in a press release that it had been hacked. Hackers gained unauthorised access to a database that included eBay customer
32、s“ names, home addresses, dates of birth and encrypted (加密的) passwords, eBay said that financial information like credit card numbers were stored separately and were not compromised. Encouragingly, the company said it has seen no fraudulent activity as a result of the hack. The cyberattack took plac
33、e between late February and early March of this year, but eBay only detected it two weeks ago. The company plans to email customers about the security breach (洞) and tell them to change their passwords on eBay and any other website where the same password is used. The compromised passwords were encr
34、ypted, so it“s unclear if the hackers are able to read them and use them elsewhere online. The cyberattack also swept up details like names and addresses, which could potentially be used to commit fraud outside of eBay. When asked how many people were affected by the attack, eBay referred the Huffin
35、gton Post to a webpage that simply states the company is asking all 145 million of its active buyers to change their passwords. It“s generally good password hygiene not to use the same password on different websites. But for eBay customers who have doubled up, the company is recommending you change
36、your password on both eBay and all other sites where that same password was used. Cyberattacks can have a chilling effect on online customers, who must trust retailers with sensitive financial information to do business. Discount retailer Target has struggled to recover from a data breach discovered
37、 during last year“s holiday shopping season, in which the credit card and debit card records of millions of customers were stolen. Since December, profits for the retail chain have fallen and its CEO has resigned. eBay also said that it does not want to speculate on who committed the attack while it
38、“s working with law enforcement.（分数：71.00）(1).What has not been attacked by hackers?（分数：14.20）A.eBay customers“ dates of birth.B.eBay customers“ home addresses.C.eBay customers“ names.D.eBay customers“ credit card numbers. 解析：解析 文中第 2 段提到受到黑客攻击的信息包括哪些，故将本题出处定位于此。 第 2 段前两句提到，易趣的客户姓名、家庭住址、出生日期和加密的密码受到
39、黑客攻击，而像信用卡卡号这样的财务信息由于是单独存储的，因此并未受到攻击。由此可见，未受到黑客攻击的客户信息是客户的信用卡卡号，故答案为 D。其他三项均受到黑客攻击，故排除。(2).What is eBay“s response to the cyberattack?（分数：14.20）A.Dismissing its CEO and making a public apology.B.Telling its users to report the loss of credit cards.C.Warning its users to change passwords. D.Learning
40、from discount retailer Target.解析：解析 根据设题按照文章顺序进行的规律将本题出处定位于第 2 段之后。 第 3 段最后一句提到，该公司(即易趣)计划通过电子邮件来将目前所存在的安全漏洞告知顾客，并让他们更换易趣及其他使用了相同密码的网站的登录密码。由此可见，易趣公司在发生安全漏洞后所采取的措施是警告顾客更改登录密码，故答案为 C。文中倒数第二段提到，易趣的首席执行官已辞职，而并不是被解雇，而且他的辞职也与安全漏洞事件无关，文中也没有提及公开道歉，故 A 不符合题意，予以排除。B 属于无中生有，也可以排除。D 是根据倒数第三段最后一句提到的 discount re
41、tailer Target 设置的干扰。(3).Which of the following is true according to the passage?（分数：14.20）A.The stolen information about the customers may be used in fraudulent activities. B.The cyberattack was detected by eBay as soon as it took place two weeks ago.C.eBay ensured its customers that their encrypted
42、 passwords can not be read by hackers.D.eBay said that there are 145 million buyers who were affected by the cyberattack.解析：解析 根据设题按照文章顺序进行的规律将本题出处定位于第 3 段之后。 第 4 段最后一句提到，这次计算机攻击也涉及了像姓名和地址这样的详细信息，这些信息可能会在易趣之外被用来诈骗。由此可见，被盗的客户信息可能会被用于某些诈骗行为，故答案为 A。由第 3 段第 1 句提到的 The cyberattack took place between late
43、 February and early March of this year, but eBay only detected it two weeks ago. 可以排除 B。由第 4 段第 1 句提到的 the compromised passwords were encrypted, so it“s unclear if the hackers are able to read them 可以排除 C。文中第 5 段提到，当被问及有多少人受到这次攻击的影响时，易趣并没有正面回答，只是说所有用户都应该更换密码，由此可见，易趣没有具体说明受这次攻击影响的客户人数，故 D 不符合文意，予以排除。
44、(4).The author tells about the story about Target in order to show that _.（分数：14.20）A.the Internet has both a good side and a bad sideB.data breaches have a great influence on a company C.eBay has more customers whose information has been stolenD.it is hard to predict the number of customers who hav
45、e been attacked解析：解析 根据题干中的 Target 将本题出处定位于倒数第三段最后一句。 倒数第三段最后一句提到，折扣零售商塔吉特在去年的假日购物季发现，它的数百万顾客的信用卡和借记卡记录被盗，塔吉特为从这次数据漏洞事件中复苏而做出了艰苦的努力。由文中强调的 has struggled to recover 可以推断，作者引用塔吉特的例子是为了说明数据泄露会对公司造成巨大的影响，B 符合作者意图，故为答案。其他三项均属于过度推断，予以排除。(5).We can learn a lesson from the passage that _.（分数：14.20）A.we shou
46、ld trust law enforcement when we meet fraudulent activitiesB.we should not use the same password when we are registering websites C.we should not use credit cards or debit cards when we are doing business onlineD.there are many dishonest sellers like eBay that are stealing customers“ information解析：解
47、析 本题考查读者从文中能够吸取的教训，因此需要结合文中提到的建议或反面例子进行分析。文中第 6 段提到，通常，设置一个好的密码的方式是不要在不同的网站使用相同的密码。但是针对易趣的那些使用了相同密码的顾客，该公司建议同时更换易趣和其他使用了相同密码的网站的登录密码。由此可见，本篇文章告诉我们，不要在不同的网站使用相同的密码，故答案为 B。A 是利用最后一段最后一句提到的 law enforcement 设置的无关干扰。作者并没有彻底否认网上使用信用卡或借记卡的安全性，因此 C有些言过其实了。偷盗顾客信息的并非易趣，因此 D 的说法不符合文意，予以排除。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分
48、数：71.00)“Innovative“ does not necessarily mean radical or expensive, nor do the best ideas come from the top. A woman on the shop floor at Ford suggested putting symbols of different engine parts so that drivers would not need a manual to do something simple, such as check the oil. It proved so popular it is now common practice. Ford“s open policy towards employees“ ideas “generates tens of thousands of e-mails a month“, according to Ed Sketch, the director of training and development in America and Europe. The company has even employed people to sift through them. M
