1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 369 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Reading is an important skill that needs to be developed in children. Not only is it necessary for 1 in the world of schools and later on universities, but in adult life as well. The ability to
2、 learn about new subjects and find helpful information on anything from health problems and consumer protection to more 2 research into science or the arts depends on the ability to read. The more children read, the better they become at reading. It“s as simple as that. The more enjoyable the things
3、 they read are, the more they“ll 3 with them and develop the reading skills that they“ll need for full 4 to information in their adult lives. Reading should be viewed as a pleasurable activityas a source of 5 tales and useful and interesting factual information. The more young children are read to,
4、the greater their interest in mastering reading. Reading out loud 6 children to proper grammar and phrasing. It 7 the development of their spoken language skills and their ability to express themselves verbally (口头上). Reading, by way of books, magazines or websites, exposes kids to new vocabulary. E
5、ven when they don“t understand every new word, they absorb something from the 8 that may deepen their understanding of it the next time the word is 9 . When parents read aloud to children, the children also hear correct pronunciation as they see the words on the page, even if they can“t yet read the
6、 words 10 . A. academic F. context K. exposes B. access G. enables L. independently C. accompany H. encountered M. specific D. clearly I. enhances N. stick E. comprehension J. entertaining O. survival（分数：30.00）三、Section B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)We Now Know Students Cannot Be Tested Out Of PovertyA. Last mon
7、th, a dozen civil rights groups issued a statement, under the umbrella of the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, saying that parents opting their children out of high-stakes standardized tests are harming at-risk students. A few posts are published questioning the rationale (依据) of the
8、 groups, which argued that only by obtaining data from annual standardized tests can further the goal of achieving educational equity. It said in part: For the civil rights community, data provide the power to advocate for greater equality under the law. It“s the reason we“ve fought to make sure tha
9、t we“re counted equally in every aspect of American life, such as in employment, the criminal justice system, and consumer lending. B. Our commitment to fair, unbiased (不偏不倚的), and accurate data collection and reporting resonates greatest in our work to improve education. The educational outcomes fo
10、r the children we represent are unacceptable by almost every measurement. And we rely on the consistent, accurate, and reliable data provided by annual statewide assessments to advocate for better lives and outcomes for our children. These data are critical for understanding whether and where there
11、is equal opportunity. The following post is a new critique of that argument by Judith Browne Dianis, John Jackson and Pedro Noguera. C. Recently some national civil rights organizations opposed the growing “opt-out movement“ in which parents and students are opting out of annual standardized tests i
12、n various states to highlight the dangers of high-stakes testing. Those groups include the National Council of La Raza, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the League of United Latin American Citizens and National Urban League. Uniting under the banner of the Washington D
13、. C. -based Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, these groups are urging parents to comply with annual testing requirements. We strongly disagree with their position. D. Data from these annual assessments are not a reasonable indicator for educational opportunity, and even more, educatio
14、nal equity. African American and Latino students are more likely to be suspended, expelled or pushed out of school regardless of their performance on the test; and despite some improvement in graduation rates, significant inequalities remain. E. Moreover, of all the topics that could be addressed as
15、 No Child Left Behind (NCLB. is being considered by Congress for reauthorization, why defend a policy that has proven ineffective in advancing the educational interests of children of color and disadvantaged children generally? F. Schools serving poor children and children of color remain under-fund
16、ed and have been labeled “failing“ while little has been done at the local, state or federal level to effectively intervene and provide support. In the face of clear evidence that children of color are more likely to be subjected to over-testing and a narrowing of curriculum in the name of test prep
17、aration, it is perplexing (令人困惑的) that civil rights groups are promoting annual tests. G. Why should wealthy parents be able to opt out of the over-testing by sending their children to private schools while disadvantaged students are forced to exist in a high stakes, over-tested climate for the sake
18、 of producing data that confirms what they already know-their schools lack the needed supports? H. We are not opposed to assessment. Standards and assessments are important for diagnostic purposes. However, too often the data produced by standardized tests are not made available to teachers until af
19、ter the school year is over, making it impossible to use the information to address student needs. When tests are used in this way, they do little more than measure predictable inequities in academic outcomes. Parents have a right to know that there is concrete evidence that their children are learn
20、ing, but standardized tests do not provide this evidence. I. While high-performing countries, wealthy parents and educational experts are calling for more student-centered and deeper learning experiences for their students, the Leadership Council on Civil and Human Rights as well as others are askin
21、g communities to continue the practice of subjecting students to tests that have failed to deliver very little in the way of excellence or equity. J. Parents have a right to demand enriched curricula that includes the arts, civics and lab sciences. The parents who are opting out have a right to do s
22、o, and they certainly have a right to demand that their children receive more than test preparation classes that leave them bored and less engaged. K. We should all remember that NCLB is the latest iteration (重复) of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), which was part of President
23、Lyndon B. Johnson“s war on poverty, a series of initiatives that created Medicare and Medicaid, and expanded Social Security benefits, among other efforts. The ESEA was designed to compensate for disadvantages in learning opportunities between low-income and middle-class children. While it was never
24、 adequately funded, ESEA was envisioned as an “anti-poverty“ bill. L. We now know students cannot be tested out of poverty. While NCLB did take us a step forward by requiring schools to produce evidence that students were learning, it took us several steps backward when that evidence was reduced to
25、how well a student performed on a standardized test. M. It has long been acknowledged by many education officials that some of the goals set by NCLBsuch as 100 percent student proficiency in reading and math by 2014were unattainable. In 2013, the US Department of Education began to give waivers (豁免)
26、 from that goal to states that agreed to implement specific reforms. Why not give parents the right to opt out of tests when they realize states have not done the work of guaranteeing their children are being adequately prepared? N. The civil rights movement has always worked to change unjust polici
27、es. When 16-year-old Barbara Johns organized a student strike in Prince Edward County, Virginia, in 1951, leading to Brown v. Board in 1954, she opted out of public school segregation. O. When Rosa Parks sat down on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama in 1955, she opted out of the system of segregation in
28、public transportation. And as youth and their allies protest throughout the country against police brutality, declaring that “Black Lives Matter,“ we are reminded that the struggle for justice often forces us to challenge the status quo (现状), even when those fighting to maintain it happen to be elec
29、ted officials or, in this case, members of the civil rights establishment.（分数：40.00）(1).We count on the authentic and authoritative result from the annual statewide assessments to make sure our children have a bright future.（分数：4.00）(2).Many education officials admitted that some goals set by NCLB w
30、ere not achievable.（分数：4.00）(3).African American and Latino students are more likely to be treated unequally in spite of their academic performance.（分数：4.00）(4).The “opt-out movement“ in which parents and students refuse to take the annual standardized tests is opposed by some national civil rights
31、organizations lately.（分数：4.00）(5).No substantial measures have been taken by federal or local government to improve the current situation of those schools serving poor children and children of color.（分数：4.00）(6).It is necessary for parents to make sure that their children are learning something at s
32、chool, which can be hardly proved by standardized tests.（分数：4.00）(7).Parents have rights to opt out as well as to require that their children should have more useful classes at school.（分数：4.00）(8).We“ve fought in order to make sure that we don“t get biased treatment in our civil rights.（分数：4.00）(9).
33、NCLB required schools to prove that students were learning, which seemed fruitless because only the performance on a standardized test was provided.（分数：4.00）(10).It is unfair that rich students can avoid the over-testing while poor students have to undergo all the reality.（分数：4.00）四、Section C(总题数：0，
34、分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Studies have hinted that breast cancer survivors tend to gain weight after their diagnosis and treatment, but it“s not yet clear why. Because breast cancer rates tend to rise around menopause (更年期), doctors weren“t sure whether the weight gain was part of normal
35、aging and changes in women“s reproductive status, or whether something about cancer made patients more vulnerable to gaining weight. In a new study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and despite some improvement in graduation rates, significant inequalities remain. E. Moreover, of all the
36、topics that could be addressed as No Child Left Behind (NCLB. is being considered by Congress for reauthorization, why defend a policy that has proven ineffective in advancing the educational interests of children of color and disadvantaged children generally? F. Schools serving poor children and ch
37、ildren of color remain under-funded and have been labeled “failing“ while little has been done at the local, state or federal level to effectively intervene and provide support. In the face of clear evidence that children of color are more likely to be subjected to over-testing and a narrowing of cu
38、rriculum in the name of test preparation, it is perplexing (令人困惑的) that civil rights groups are promoting annual tests. G. Why should wealthy parents be able to opt out of the over-testing by sending their children to private schools while disadvantaged students are forced to exist in a high stakes,
39、 over-tested climate for the sake of producing data that confirms what they already know-their schools lack the needed supports? H. We are not opposed to assessment. Standards and assessments are important for diagnostic purposes. However, too often the data produced by standardized tests are not ma
40、de available to teachers until after the school year is over, making it impossible to use the information to address student needs. When tests are used in this way, they do little more than measure predictable inequities in academic outcomes. Parents have a right to know that there is concrete evide
41、nce that their children are learning, but standardized tests do not provide this evidence. I. While high-performing countries, wealthy parents and educational experts are calling for more student-centered and deeper learning experiences for their students, the Leadership Council on Civil and Human R
42、ights as well as others are asking communities to continue the practice of subjecting students to tests that have failed to deliver very little in the way of excellence or equity. J. Parents have a right to demand enriched curricula that includes the arts, civics and lab sciences. The parents who ar
43、e opting out have a right to do so, and they certainly have a right to demand that their children receive more than test preparation classes that leave them bored and less engaged. K. We should all remember that NCLB is the latest iteration (重复) of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ES
44、EA), which was part of President Lyndon B. Johnson“s war on poverty, a series of initiatives that created Medicare and Medicaid, and expanded Social Security benefits, among other efforts. The ESEA was designed to compensate for disadvantages in learning opportunities between low-income and middle-c
45、lass children. While it was never adequately funded, ESEA was envisioned as an “anti-poverty“ bill. L. We now know students cannot be tested out of poverty. While NCLB did take us a step forward by requiring schools to produce evidence that students were learning, it took us several steps backward w
46、hen that evidence was reduced to how well a student performed on a standardized test. M. It has long been acknowledged by many education officials that some of the goals set by NCLBsuch as 100 percent student proficiency in reading and math by 2014were unattainable. In 2013, the US Department of Edu
47、cation began to give waivers (豁免) from that goal to states that agreed to implement specific reforms. Why not give parents the right to opt out of tests when they realize states have not done the work of guaranteeing their children are being adequately prepared? N. The civil rights movement has alwa
48、ys worked to change unjust policies. When 16-year-old Barbara Johns organized a student strike in Prince Edward County, Virginia, in 1951, leading to Brown v. Board in 1954, she opted out of public school segregation. O. When Rosa Parks sat down on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama in 1955, she opted out
49、 of the system of segregation in public transportation. And as youth and their allies protest throughout the country against police brutality, declaring that “Black Lives Matter,“ we are reminded that the struggle for justice often forces us to challenge the status quo (现状), even when those fighting to maintain it happen to be elected officials or, in this case, members of the civil rights establishment.（分数：40.00）(1).We count on the authentic and authoritative result from the annual statewide assessments to make sure our children have a bright future.（分数：4.00）解析：B解析 同义转述题。由题干中的 count
