1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 363 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.农历腊月初八是腊八节(the Laba Festival)，在这一天，人们会喝腊八粥。喝腊八粥这一传统起源于印度佛教，在中国已有 1000 多年的历史。在那天，许多寺庙都会以大米、花生、胡萝卜、红枣等为原料做腊八粥。腊八粥被认为具有吉祥和长寿的寓意，因此人们也称其为“福寿粥”或“福德粥”。在古代，腊八节时每个家庭都会煮腊八粥，并祭祀他们的祖先。然后，所有的家庭成员聚在一起喝粥。 （分数：10.00）_2.中山装(the zhongshan su
2、it)是以孙中山的名字命名的一种服装。时尚界认为，传统的旗袍展示中国女性之美，而中山装则是男性身份和地位的象征。外国人认为中山装是政治的象征，因为其具有典型的中国内涵。20 世纪 20 年代西方文化传入中国时，中山装开始出现。中山装是时尚和文化的融合，既有西式服装的轮廓，同时又包含中国元素。 （分数：10.00）_3.几千年的中国文化充实着中国梦，同时，过去三十几年的改革开放也激励着中国梦。中国梦最显著的特征是包容性(inclusiveness)和双赢合作(win-win cooperation)。这些也是使中国梦扩大全球影响范围和被其他国家的人民认可的基本特征。中国梦是民族复兴(nation
3、al rejuvenation)的梦。它是建设一个强大繁荣的国家，给中国人民带来幸福生活的梦。中国梦需要维持稳定健康的经济发展，科学管理社会，以及有效应对外部发展的风险和挑战。 （分数：10.00）_4.敦煌莫高窟(Dunhuang Mogao Caves)落于中国西北甘肃省的一个小县城。如今，石窟壁上闻名世界的壁画已经变得脆弱不堪(fragile)。这些壁画石窟的建造横跨公元 4 世纪至 14 世纪，历经十多个朝代。一代代的画匠用手中的画笔描绘出当时的日常生活与佛教文化。目前，这些珍贵的艺术品正遭受来自干燥气候、环境恶化和旅游业的影响，处境堪忧。 （分数：10.00）_5.三国演义(Roma
4、nce of the Three Kingdoms)是一部由罗贯中创作于 14 世纪的中国历史题材的小说。小说以汉朝末年和三国这段动荡(turbulent)时期里发生的一系列重大事情为背景。小说篇幅长达 80 万字，分为 120 个章节，共描述了 1700 多个人物角色，堪称中国文学史上四大经典小说之一。 （分数：10.00）_6.中国传统价值观提倡勤(industry)俭，反对挥霍(extravagance)浪费。然而近年来，社会上出现了一群叫作“月光族”(the moonlight clan)的人。月光族成员大多是年轻人。他们刚刚步入工作岗位，收入不多，但总是在月底前把收入花得一干二净，不
5、留半点积蓄。他们知道如何购买各种各样的商品，知道如何享受生活，但却没有养成存钱的习惯。“月光族”的消费习惯并不健康，有时可以说是一种浪费。 （分数：10.00）_7.西湖(West Lake)位于浙江省省会杭州西部，是一颗镶嵌在内陆的(inland)璀璨明珠。它占地 5.6 平方千米，湖上装点着许多庙宇、佛塔(pagoda)、花园和人工岛。古往今来，西湖如诗如画的风景和珍贵的历史文物令众多诗人和画家灵感大发。就连宋朝大诗人苏轼在欣赏完西湖的醉人(intoxicating)风光后，都将西湖比作西子，这位中国的埃及艳后(Cleopatra)。现在，西湖已成为一个国内外热门的旅游景点。 （分数：10
6、.00）_8.颐和园(the Summer Palace)位于北京西北郊，是中国规模最大、保存最完好的皇家园林(royal garden)。它始建于 12 世纪，历经几百年的翻新和扩建，到 19 世纪末，颐和园具备了我们今天所见的规模。这座古老的园林由宫殿、庙宇、园林、亭台楼阁(pavilion)、湖泊和走廊构成，完美展现了自然美景和皇家园林的气派(grandeur)。清朝末年，颐和园是皇室的避暑胜地。如今，颐和园已集热门旅游景点和休闲公园于一身。 （分数：10.00）_9.随着中国经济的快速发展，越来越多的民工(rural migrant worker)向城市迁移，他们的子女待在家乡由祖父母
7、或其他亲属照顾。由此，中国产生了成千上万的留守儿童(left-behind children)。留守儿童面临诸多困境，其中包括亲情和安全感的缺失。留守儿童缺乏父母照顾，跟和父母一起生活的孩子相比，他们身上出现了更为严重的行为和心理问题。这是一个急需社会关爱的弱势(vulnerable)群体。 （分数：10.00）_10.中国正与 17 个国家协商，要把高铁网络(high-speed railway network)延伸到这些国家。这些国家大多数矿产和能源资源都很丰富。这些线路将会按照中国高铁建设标准来铺设，最高时速可达到 350 千米。中国承诺为他们提供技术、设备和高速列车，甚至为那些愿意向中
8、国提供自然资源的国家承担建设费用。目前，中俄两国已经就修建跨越西伯利亚(Siberia)的高铁路线达成了一致意见。 （分数：10.00）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 363 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.农历腊月初八是腊八节(the Laba Festival)，在这一天，人们会喝腊八粥。喝腊八粥这一传统起源于印度佛教，在中国已有 1000 多年的历史。在那天，许多寺庙都会以大米、花生、胡萝卜、红枣等为原料做腊八粥。腊八粥被认为具有吉祥和长寿的寓意，因此人们也称其为“福寿粥”或“福德粥”。在古代，腊八节时每个家
9、庭都会煮腊八粥，并祭祀他们的祖先。然后，所有的家庭成员聚在一起喝粥。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Laba Festival is on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. People will eat Laba porridge on this day. This tradition of eating Laba porridge, originating from Indian Buddhism, has a history of over one thousand years in China. On that d
10、ay, Laba porridge would be cooked in many temples, with ingredients such as rice, peanuts, carrots and dates. Since Laba porridge was believed to be blessed with good fortune and longevity, it was also called “Longevity Blessing Porridge“ or “Virtue Blessing Porridge“. In ancient times, every family
11、 would make Laba porridge and offer sacrifice to their ancestors on the Laba Festival. Then all family members would get together to eat the porridge.2.中山装(the zhongshan suit)是以孙中山的名字命名的一种服装。时尚界认为，传统的旗袍展示中国女性之美，而中山装则是男性身份和地位的象征。外国人认为中山装是政治的象征，因为其具有典型的中国内涵。20 世纪 20 年代西方文化传入中国时，中山装开始出现。中山装是时尚和文化的融合，既有
12、西式服装的轮廓，同时又包含中国元素。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Zhongshan suit is a set of garments named after Sun Zhongshan. In the world of fashion, it is believed that the traditional Qipao dress portrays a Chinese woman“s beauty, while the Zhongshan suit represents a man“s status. Foreigners interpret the Zhongsha
13、n suit as a political symbol because it has typical Chinese connotations. It came out during the period when Western culture entered China in 1920s. The Zhongshan suit is a fusion of fashion and culture, which has an outline of the Western suit, and also has Chinese elements at the same time.3.几千年的中
14、国文化充实着中国梦，同时，过去三十几年的改革开放也激励着中国梦。中国梦最显著的特征是包容性(inclusiveness)和双赢合作(win-win cooperation)。这些也是使中国梦扩大全球影响范围和被其他国家的人民认可的基本特征。中国梦是民族复兴(national rejuvenation)的梦。它是建设一个强大繁荣的国家，给中国人民带来幸福生活的梦。中国梦需要维持稳定健康的经济发展，科学管理社会，以及有效应对外部发展的风险和挑战。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Chinese dream has been enriched by thousands of yea
15、rs of Chinese culture and inspired by the past three decades of reform and opening-up. The most noticeable features of the Chinese dream include inclusiveness and win-win cooperation. These are the very features that enable the Chinese dream to expand its global reach and be recognized by people of
16、other nations. The Chinese dream is the dream of national rejuvenation. It is the dream of building a powerful and prosperous state, the dream of bringing happiness in the lives of the Chinese. It entails sustaining steady and healthy economic growth, scientifically managing the Chinese society, and
17、 effectively responding to the risks and challenges of external development.4.敦煌莫高窟(Dunhuang Mogao Caves)落于中国西北甘肃省的一个小县城。如今，石窟壁上闻名世界的壁画已经变得脆弱不堪(fragile)。这些壁画石窟的建造横跨公元 4 世纪至 14 世纪，历经十多个朝代。一代代的画匠用手中的画笔描绘出当时的日常生活与佛教文化。目前，这些珍贵的艺术品正遭受来自干燥气候、环境恶化和旅游业的影响，处境堪忧。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Dunhuang Mogao Caves lie
18、in a small town in Northwest China“s Gansu Province. Nowadays, the world-famous paintings on the surfaces of caves there are becoming extremely fragile. The caves were built spanning the 4th and 14th centuries, through more than 10 successive dynasties. One generation of painters after another fille
19、d them with murals illustrating Buddhism and people“s daily life at that time. These precious artworks, however, are now at risk because of the arid climate, environmental deterioration and the impact of tourism.5.三国演义(Romance of the Three Kingdoms)是一部由罗贯中创作于 14 世纪的中国历史题材的小说。小说以汉朝末年和三国这段动荡(turbulent
20、)时期里发生的一系列重大事情为背景。小说篇幅长达 80 万字，分为 120 个章节，共描述了 1700 多个人物角色，堪称中国文学史上四大经典小说之一。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Romance of the Three Kingdoms, written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese historical novel based upon a series of events in the turbulent years near the end of the Han Dynasty and the Th
21、ree Kingdoms era. It is acclaimed as one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature, with a grand total of 800000 words, more than 1700 characters, and 120 chapters.6.中国传统价值观提倡勤(industry)俭，反对挥霍(extravagance)浪费。然而近年来，社会上出现了一群叫作“月光族”(the moonlight clan)的人。月光族成员大多是年轻人。他们刚刚步入工作岗位，收入不多，但总是在
22、月底前把收入花得一干二净，不留半点积蓄。他们知道如何购买各种各样的商品，知道如何享受生活，但却没有养成存钱的习惯。“月光族”的消费习惯并不健康，有时可以说是一种浪费。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Chinese traditional values uphold industry and thrift, but oppose extravagance and waste. However in recent years, a group of people who are dubbed “the moonlight clan“ have appeared in society.
23、Members of the moonlight clan are mostly young men and women who have just entered the workplace. They do not earn much，but always exhaust their earnings before the end of every month without any savings. They know how to enjoy life by purchasing different kinds of goods, but have not developed a ha
24、bit of saving money. The consumption habit of “the moonlight clan“ is unhealthy and sometimes wasteful.7.西湖(West Lake)位于浙江省省会杭州西部，是一颗镶嵌在内陆的(inland)璀璨明珠。它占地 5.6 平方千米，湖上装点着许多庙宇、佛塔(pagoda)、花园和人工岛。古往今来，西湖如诗如画的风景和珍贵的历史文物令众多诗人和画家灵感大发。就连宋朝大诗人苏轼在欣赏完西湖的醉人(intoxicating)风光后，都将西湖比作西子，这位中国的埃及艳后(Cleopatra)。现在，西湖已
25、成为一个国内外热门的旅游景点。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：West Lake, a shining inland pearl, is located in the west of Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang Province. Covering an area of 5.6 square kilometers, it is dotted with numerous temples, pagodas, gardens, and artificial islands. With its picturesque landscape a
26、nd precious historical relics, West Lake inspired many poets and painters throughout the ages. After appreciating the intoxicating scenery of West lake, even Su Shi, a great poet from the Song Dynasty, likened the lake to Xizi, a Chinese Cleopatra. Now, West Lake has become a popular tourist attract
27、ion both in China and abroad.8.颐和园(the Summer Palace)位于北京西北郊，是中国规模最大、保存最完好的皇家园林(royal garden)。它始建于 12 世纪，历经几百年的翻新和扩建，到 19 世纪末，颐和园具备了我们今天所见的规模。这座古老的园林由宫殿、庙宇、园林、亭台楼阁(pavilion)、湖泊和走廊构成，完美展现了自然美景和皇家园林的气派(grandeur)。清朝末年，颐和园是皇室的避暑胜地。如今，颐和园已集热门旅游景点和休闲公园于一身。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Summer Palace, located i
28、n the northwest suburbs of Beijing, is the largest and most well-preserved royal garden in China. It was first built in the 12th century. Renovation and extension in the following several hundred years tm the end of the 19th century led it into the scale we see today. Palaces, temples, gardens, pavi
29、lions, lakes and corridors constitute this ancient garden which fully radiates the natural beauty and the grandeur of imperial garden. It served as a summer resort for the royal family in the later part of the Qing Dynasty. Today the Summer Palace serves as not only a popular tourist destination, bu
30、t also a recreational park.9.随着中国经济的快速发展，越来越多的民工(rural migrant worker)向城市迁移，他们的子女待在家乡由祖父母或其他亲属照顾。由此，中国产生了成千上万的留守儿童(left-behind children)。留守儿童面临诸多困境，其中包括亲情和安全感的缺失。留守儿童缺乏父母照顾，跟和父母一起生活的孩子相比，他们身上出现了更为严重的行为和心理问题。这是一个急需社会关爱的弱势(vulnerable)群体。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：With the rapid economic development in Chin
31、a, more and more rural migrant workers emigrate to the cities. Their children are left behind under the care of grandparents or other relatives in the countryside. Thus millions of left-behind children appear in China. The difficulties that left-behind children are facing include lack of family love
32、 and security. Without the guidance of their parents, left-behind children have much greater behavioral and psychological problems than children who live with their parents. This is a vulnerable group which needs social care urgently.10.中国正与 17 个国家协商，要把高铁网络(high-speed railway network)延伸到这些国家。这些国家大多数
33、矿产和能源资源都很丰富。这些线路将会按照中国高铁建设标准来铺设，最高时速可达到 350 千米。中国承诺为他们提供技术、设备和高速列车，甚至为那些愿意向中国提供自然资源的国家承担建设费用。目前，中俄两国已经就修建跨越西伯利亚(Siberia)的高铁路线达成了一致意见。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：China is negotiating with 17 countries about extending the high-speed railway network to their territory. Most of them are rich in mineral and en
34、ergy resources. These rails will be built by China“s high-speed railway standard. The maximum speed can reach 350 kilometers per hour. China has promised to provide them with the technique, equipment and high-speed trains, and even cover the construction cost for the countries that are willing to offer China natural resources. At present, China and Russia have already agreed on building a high-speed line across Siberia.
