1、大学英语四级 288及答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.What do you think about the future of earth? Are you pessimistic, or optimistic? Give your opinions on A Hundred Years from Now in a passage of about 120 words. 1. Some people are pessimistic when they think about the futu
2、re. 2. Other people believe that man adapts very easily. 3. If we are to have a bright future, we have to take measures now. （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)New York As a travel destination, New York has something to offer almost every visitor. Though tourism has dropped since Septe
3、mber 11, 2001, there are still lots of reasons to visit what many consider the greatest city in the world. City Overview New York City (NYC )is located on the Eastern Atlantic coast of the United States. It rests at the mouth of the Hudson River. The city is often referred to as a “city of islands.
4、“ Greater NYC is made up of five distinct areas called boroughs. These boroughs include Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, Staten Island and the Bronx. The boroughs are separated from each other by various bodies of water and are connected by subways, bridges and tunnels. When people refer to New York Cit
5、y, they are usually talking about Manhattan. Most of NYCs main attractions are located in this borough and the majority of visitors spend most of their vacation here. A Short History of the Big Apple No discussion about New York would be complete without asking why New York is referred to as “the Bi
6、g Apple. “ Like many things about New York, youll probably get a different answer depending on who you ask. According to the Museum of the City of New York, it is believed that in the 1920s, a sportswriter overheard stable hands in New Orleans refer to New York Citys racetracks as “the Big Apple.“ T
7、he phrase was most widely used by jazz musicians during the 1930s and 40s. They adopted the term to refer to New York City, and especially Harlem, as the jazz capital of the world. The Italian navigator Giovanni da Verrazano may have been the first European to explore the New York region in 1524. Mo
8、re than 80 years later. Englishman Henry Hudson sailed up the river that now bears his name. But it was Dutch settlements that truly started the city. In 1624. the town of New Amsterdam was established on lower Manhattan. Two years later, according to local legend. Dutchman Peter Minuit purchased th
9、e island of Manhattan from the local Native Americans for 60 guilders (about $ 24) worth of goods. Few people realize that New York was briefly the U. S. capital from 1789 to 1790 and was the capital of New York State until 1797. By 1790, it was the largest U.S. city. In 1825, the opening of the Eri
10、e Canal, which linked New York with the Great Lakes, led to continued expansion. A charter was adopted in 1898 incorporating all five boroughs into Greater New York. New York has always been and remains a city of immigrants. Patterns of immigration are integral to the citys history and landscape. Im
11、migration, mainly from Europe, swelled the citys population in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After World War II, many African Americans from the South, Puerto Ricans. and Latin Americans migrated to the city as well. Because of the variety of immigrant groups, both historically and current
12、ly, New York is often referred to as a true “melting pot. “ Getting Around New York By Foot The absolute best way to get around New York, and the one you will probably be using most, is walking. Remember, the city is only 13 miles long. On a day with good weather, walking is a great option. The exci
13、tement of New York on foot is that you never know what interesting things you will see as you head from one destination to another. If youre on a schedule, keep in mind that distances are not as close as they might seem and take into account the extra time it takes to stop at every street crosswalk.
14、 Getting from the easternmost side of Manhattan to the westernmost side can take quite a while. The Subway If youre looking to save some time, this is where one of the three excellent New York public transportation systems comes in handy. They are all run by the citys Metropolitan Transportation Aut
15、hority. According to NYC but few, I think, will disagree with his conclusion that there are a very large number of planets suitable for life. The trouble starts when we come to estimate the probability that life will emerge on any of these planets. The problem is that we dont have a good theory of t
16、he origin of life on earth. Without one, it is anybodys guess how likely this event actually was. Out of thin air Aczel conjures (想像) the figure of 1 in a trillion for this likelihood and concludes that the probability of life existing on at least one other planet is virtually 1. Statistics are extr
17、emely powerful and important, and Aczel is a very clear and capable exponent (倡导者) of them. But statistics cannot substitute for empirical (经验主义的) knowledge about the way the universe behaves. We now have no reasonable way of arriving at robust estimates for the probability of life arising spontaneo
18、usly when the conditions are right. So, until we either discover extraterrestrial (外星球的) life or understand far more about how at least one form of life-terrestrial life-first appeared, we can do little more than guess at the likely hood that life exists elsewhere in the universe. And as long as wer
19、e merely guessing, we should not dress up our interesting speculations as mathematical certainties. （分数：177.50）(1).The term “Out of thin air“ in Line 3 of Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by _.（分数：35.50）A.convincinglyB.confidentlyC.groundlesslyD.suitably(2).According to the passage, what we can do a
20、bout the likelihood of extraterrestrial life is to _.（分数：35.50）A.find a good way of reaching a conclusionB.construct a good theory of the origin of lifeC.replace statistics with empirical knowledgeD.find whether the conditions for life are right(3).Though challenged by many people, Aczel firmly beli
21、eves that _.（分数：35.50）A.about 1 million planets in our galaxy are suitable for lifeB.it is very likely for life to exist on other planetsC.life exists in approximately 150 billion stars in our galaxyD.there are a very large number of planets suitable for life(4).What is the authors attitude towards
22、assumptions based on statistical evidence?（分数：35.50）A.positiveB.objectiveC.doubtfulD.optimistic(5).The authors purpose in writing this article is to _.（分数：35.50）A.tell the reader not to rely only on statistics when dealing with the universeB.encourage the reader to do some researches about the extra
23、terrestrial lifeC.tell the reader something about possible extraterrestrial life on other planetsD.show his interest in Aczels research in extraterrestrial life on other planets八、Section B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Acculturation (儿童的开化), which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new (47) 1 of children
24、the (48) 2 and values of the parents culture. How people (49) 3 newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that (50) 4 only to the child. This helps to preserve parents (51) 5 and allows the chi
25、ld to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal independence. Americans (52) 6 have held independence and a closely-related value, individualism, in high esteem (尊重). Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expres
26、ses these value (53) 7: children should “cut the (umbilical) cord“ and are encouraged not to be “tied to their mothers apron strings.“ In the process of their socialization children learn to “look out for number one“ and to “stand on their own two feet.“ Many children are taught at a very early age
27、to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine- or ten-year-old children may (54) 8 newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may babysit at nei
28、ghbors homes in order to earn a few dollars a week. Receiving a weekly (55) 9 at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future (56) 10 independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money.
29、 Word Bank A) claim B) deliver C) generations D) privacy E) allowance F) customs G) construct H) available I) designs J) belongs K) preferences L) absolutely M) treat N) financial O) traditionally （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Cloze (15 minutes)(总题
30、数：1，分数：71.00)Exercise is good for you, but most people really know very little about how to exercise properly. 【B1】 when you try, you can run into troubles. Many people 【B2】 that when specific muscles are exercised, the fat in the neighboring area is “【B3】 up“. Yet the 【B4】 is that exercise bums fat
31、 from all over 【B5】. Studies show muscles which are not 【B6】 lose their strength very quickly. To regain it needs 48 to 72 hours and exercise every other day will 【B7】 a normal level of physical strength. To 【B8】 weight you should always“ work up a good sweat“ when exercising. 【B9】 sweating only 【B1
32、0】 body temperature to prevent over heating. This is 【B11】 water loss. 【B12】 you replace the liquid, you replace the 【B13】. Walking is the best and easy-to-do exercise. It helps the circulation of blood 【B14】 the body, and has a direct 【B15】 on your overall feeling of health. Experience says that 20
33、 minutes 【B16】. 【B17】 is minimum amount. 【B18】 your breathing doesnt return to normal state within minutes after you finish 【B19】, youve done 【B20】. （分数：71.00）A.WhileB.WhenC.AsD.SoA.understandB.believeC.hopeD.knowA.builtB.burnedC.piledD.grownA.replyB.possibilityC.truthD.reasonA.armB.legC.stomachD.bo
34、dyA.exercisedB.examinedC.protectedD.curedA.loseB.raiseC.bumD.keepA.loseB.gainC.keepD.burnA.CertainlyB.NoC.FortunatelyD.ProbablyA.raisesB.reducesC.destroysD.keeps upA.howB.whyC.nothing butD.more thanA.WhileB.OnceC.AsD.WheneverA.weightB.muscleC.sweatD.strengthA.overB.aroundC.throughoutD.withA.effectB.
35、useC.usageD.affectA.educationB.sleepC.exerciseD.restA.one dayB.a dayC.everydayD.somedayA.But ifB.ButC.IfD.And ifA.workingB.walkingC.exercisingD.breathingA.enoughB.muchC.too muchD.much too十、Translation (5 minu(总题数：5，分数：177.50)4.Driving after drinking alcohol is_ (自讨苦吃)（分数：35.50）_5.Most parents believ
36、e that TV _ (有负面影响) on the development of childrens creativity and thats the reason why they refuse to have a TV at home.（分数：35.50）_6.A qualified worker can always_(使自己适应新的工作环境) .（分数：35.50）_7._ (如果早 5分钟) , and we could have caught the last train.（分数：35.50）_8.The shop assistant was dismissed as she _
37、 (被指控欺骗顾客), （分数：35.50）_大学英语四级 288答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.What do you think about the future of earth? Are you pessimistic, or optimistic? Give your opinions on A Hundred Years from Now in a passage of about 120 words. 1. Some people are pessimistic when the
38、y think about the future. 2. Other people believe that man adapts very easily. 3. If we are to have a bright future, we have to take measures now. （分数：30.00）_正确答案：( A Hundred Years from Now Some people are pessimistic when they think about the future. They fear that the overgrowth of population will
39、 bring about terrible consequences. To begin with, the earth will become too crowded. Second, the natural resources will be used up at an ever-increasing rate. And finally, the problem of pollution will grow worse and worse. In a word, for these people a crisis will occur sooner or later on our eart
40、h. Other people believe that man adapt very easily. Our ancestors fought against numerous difficulties and established a civilization as we have today. The present generation will certainly be able to conquer any obstacles on our future road and build up an even better world. It is true that we are
41、faced with many problems. But with the development of science and technology, nearly all of them can be solved through one way or another. Therefore, there is no need to worry about our future. If we are to have a bright future, we have to take measures now. For example, citizens should be educated
42、to conserve natural resources. Furthermore, effective ways will have to be found to reduce pollution. But most important of all, the rapid growth of population must be slowed down. Indeed, only when we start to make efforts now, can we be sure to have a bright future. )解析：二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：
43、1，分数：71.00)New York As a travel destination, New York has something to offer almost every visitor. Though tourism has dropped since September 11, 2001, there are still lots of reasons to visit what many consider the greatest city in the world. City Overview New York City (NYC )is located on the East
44、ern Atlantic coast of the United States. It rests at the mouth of the Hudson River. The city is often referred to as a “city of islands. “ Greater NYC is made up of five distinct areas called boroughs. These boroughs include Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, Staten Island and the Bronx. The boroughs are
45、separated from each other by various bodies of water and are connected by subways, bridges and tunnels. When people refer to New York City, they are usually talking about Manhattan. Most of NYCs main attractions are located in this borough and the majority of visitors spend most of their vacation he
46、re. A Short History of the Big Apple No discussion about New York would be complete without asking why New York is referred to as “the Big Apple. “ Like many things about New York, youll probably get a different answer depending on who you ask. According to the Museum of the City of New York, it is believed that in the 1920s, a sportswriter overheard stable hands in New Orleans refer to New York Citys racetracks as “the Big Apple.“ The phrase was most widely used by jazz musicians during the 1930s and 40s. They adopted the term to refer to New York City, an
