1、大学英语四级-296 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：30.00)It“s a damn good thing too, because the whole structure of our society depends on mutual trust, not distrust. This whole thing we have going for us would fall apart if we didn“t trust each other mos
2、t of the time. In Italy, they have an awful time getting any money for the government, because many people just 1 don“t pay their 2 tax. Here the Internal Revenue Service makes some gestures toward 3 the law, but mostly they just have to trust that we“ll pay what we 4 . There has often been talk of
3、a tax revolt in this country, most recently among 5 auto workers in Michigan, and our government pretty much admits if there was a 6 tax revolt here, they wouldn“t be able to do anything about it. We do what we say we“ll do; we show up when we say we“ll show up; we deliver when we say we“ll deliver;
4、 and we pay when we say we“ll pay. We trust each other in these matters, and when we don“t do what we“ve 7 , it“s a deviation from the normal. It happens often that we don“t act in good 8 and in a trustworthy manner, but we still consider it unusual, and we“re angry or 9 with the person or organizat
5、ion that violates the trust we have in them. (I“m looking for something good to say about mankind today.) I hate to see a story about a bank swindler who has faked the books to his own 10 , because I trust banks. I don“t like them, but I trust them. I don“t go in and demand that they show me my mone
6、y all the time just to make sure they still have it. A. deliberate B. rarely C. compare D. income E. owe F. awesome G. promised H. faith I. enforcing J. disappointed K. advantage L. unemployed M. simply N. widespread O. convention（分数：30.00）三、Section B(总题数：1，分数：35.00)Preparing for Computer DisastersA
7、 Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. B Fires, power surges, and floods, they“re all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see
8、them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequencesmelted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: “It won“t happen to me.“ Well, t
9、he truth is, at some point you“ll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That“s just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow provisions away. We even make disaster plans and run drills. C But for some reason, computer disaster reco
10、very is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn“t be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain that our data which survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal
11、 computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they“re even more vital to home office users. D With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters.
12、And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured that your data is safe. Offsite Storage: Major Disasters E House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That“s why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home use
13、rs faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house was flooded or burned. That“s because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computerstucked away in a closet or even in
14、 the garagebut they“re not nearly far enough away which should be a serious disaster strike. So, it“s important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere. F There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaste
15、r situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn“t add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in a pinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back
16、up to a variety of durable disk typesfrom CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads. G Once you select your tools an
17、d a suitable medium, you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More
18、 and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain that you completely trust the service provider and its s
19、ecurity methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home. Come What May: Handling the Variety of Computer Crisis H Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information.
20、Systems crash, kids “rearrange“ data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it“s important to be prepared. I As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller iss
21、ues require a response that“s more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your setti
22、ngs are affected, you“ll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you“ll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crisis come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough
23、to meet each challenge. The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for Disaster J When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions.
24、 K Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it“s simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office soluti
25、on. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it“s also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it“s the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase N
26、orton System Works. L Life“s disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, don“t wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, a
27、nd perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.（分数：35.00）(1).You can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters with the assistance of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.（分数：3.50）(2).The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various
28、computer crises.（分数：3.50）(3).You should always be ready for your computer disasters now and again.（分数：3.50）(4).The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.（分数：3.50）(5).Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.（分数：3.50）(6).You should find a
29、distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.（分数：3.50）(7).Recovery tools should not be incompatible with the choice of backup medium.（分数：3.50）(8).For some reason, many of us do not stress on the computer disaster recovery.（分数：3.50）(9).The quality of your backu
30、p tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.（分数：3.50）(10).You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.（分数：3.50）四、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：17.50)The establishment of the Third Reich infl
31、uenced events in American history by starting a chain of event, which culminated in war between Germany and the United states. The complete destruction of democracy, the persecution of Jew, the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis, and especially the plans of Germany and her allie
32、s, Italy and Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war. While speaking out against Hitler“s atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality. The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade
33、with any belligerents or loans to them. In 1937 the President was empowered to declare an arms embargo (禁运) in wars between nations at his discretion. American opinion began to change somewhat after President Roosevelt“s “quarantine the aggressor“ speech at Chicago (1937) in which he severely critic
34、ized Hitler“s policies. Germany“s seizure of Austria and the Munich Pact for the partition of Czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the American people. The conquest of Czechoslovakia in March 1939 was another rudeness awakening to the menace of the Third Reich. In August 1939 came the shock of Nazi-So
35、viet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European war. The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the Third Reich. The Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted “cash and carry“ exports o
36、f arms to belligerent nations. A strong national defense program was begun. A Draft Act (1940) was passed to strengthen the military service. A Lend- Lease Act (1941) authorized the President to sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United St
37、ates. Help was given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere. In August 1941, President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter that proclaimed the kind of a world
38、which should be established after the war. In December 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter, Germany declared war on the United States.（分数：17.50）(1).Which one of the following items occurring before 1937 is not mentioned by the autho
39、r?（分数：3.50）A.Nazi barbarism.B.The pacts with Italy.C.German plans for conquest.D.The burning of the Reichstag.(2).American Policy during the years 1935-1936 may be described as being _.（分数：3.50）A.watchfulB.isolationistC.peacefulD.indifferent(3).What is the Neutrality Act of 1939 about?（分数：3.50）A.It
40、restated America“s isolationist policies.B.It proclaimed American neutrality.C.It permitted the selling of arms to belligerent nations.D.It was a cause of our entrance into World War .(4).The Lend-Lease Act was blueprinted to _.（分数：3.50）A.strengthen the national defense of AmericaB.provide battleshi
41、ps to the AlliesC.help the BritishD.promote the Atlantic Charter(5).Which event did not occur in 1939?（分数：3.50）A.Invasion of Poland.B.Conquest of Czechoslovakia.C.Passing of the Neutrality Act.D.Passing of the Draft Act.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：17.50)Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without
42、war? War is an ancient institution which has existed for at least six thousand years. It was always bad and usually foolish, but in the past the human race managed to live with it. Modern ingenuity (创造力) has changed this. Either man will abolish war, or war will abolish man. For the present, it is n
43、uclear weapons that cause the most serious danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons, may before long offer an even greater threat. If we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war. To do this, we need to pe
44、rsuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in killing people, but by arbitration (调解) in accordance with agreed principles of law. It is not easy to change very old mental habits, but this i
45、s what must be attempted. There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology would prevent war. I believe this to be a big error. All ideologies are based on dogmatic statements which are, at best, doubtful, and at worst, totally false. Their adherents believe in them fanatically tha
46、t they are willing to go to war in support of them. The movement of world opinion during the past few years has changed very largely such as we can welcome. It has become a commonplace that nuclear war must be avoided. Of course very difficult problems remain in the world, but the spirit in which th
47、ey are being approached is a better one than it Was some years ago. It has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die, that negotiations should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to be understo
48、od that the important conflict nowadays is not between different countries, but between man and the atom bomb.（分数：17.50）(1).What does the passage imply about the war?（分数：3.50）A.The war now is worse than in the past.B.The war now is as bad as in the past.C.The war now is not so dangerous as in the pa
49、st.D.The war now is as necessary as in the past.(2).In the sentence “To do this, we need to persuade mankind.“ (Para. 1), “this“ refers to _.（分数：3.50）A.solving international problemsB.improving weaponsC.abolishing warD.living a peaceful life(3).What can we learn from the second paragraph about the author“s view on ideology?（分数：3.50）A.The author is a supporter of some modern ideologies.B.The author does not think that the adoption of any ideology could prevent war.C.The author believes that the adoption of some ideologies could prevent war.D.The autho
