1、大学英语四级-293 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.五行学说 (the theory of five elements)是中国古代的一种物质观。五行包括金、木、水、火和土五种要素。五行学说强调整体概念，描绘了事物的结构关系和运动形式。五行学说认为宇宙万物都是基于这五种要素的运行和变化。这五个要素相互作用，不但影响到人的命运，同时也使宇宙万物循环不已。五行学说成熟于 汉代 (the Han Dynasty)，之后广泛应用于中医、建筑和 武术 (martial arts)等领域。 （分数：20.00）_2.中国
2、的教育体制分为三个阶段：基础教育、高等教育和成人教育。基础教育包括 学前教育 (pre-school education)、小学和中学。高等教育由职业专科学校、学院和大学组成。1986 年，中国开始实行从小学到初中的 九年制义务教育 (nine-year compulsory education)政策。中国政府把教育放在优先发展的战略地位，提出了“科教兴国”的战略方针。在政府和人民的共同努力下，中国的教育取得了历史性的成就。 （分数：20.00）_3.四大发明 (the Four Great Inventions)是指中国古代对世界有巨大影响的四种发明。即造纸术、印刷术、 火药 (gunpow
3、der)和指南针。造纸术和印刷术使信息的记录和传播有了革命性的进步。火药的发明和传播改变了 中世纪 (the Middle Ages)的战争模式。而指南针大大帮助了欧洲航海家探索新航路。四大发明是古代中国先进科学和技术的象征，在中国和世界文明发展中都有着重要的意义。 （分数：20.00）_4.武则天，中国历史上唯一的一位女皇帝，于 唐朝 (the Tang Dynasty)690 年称帝。虽然她很残暴，但是她对国家的统治还是比较成功的。她任人唯贤，完全不考虑其家庭地位。通过奖励积极发展农业的官员，惩罚对农民课征重税的官员，武则天极大地促进了农业的发展。中国的 佛教 (Buddhism)在她统治
4、期间也发展到了顶峰。宋庆龄评价她为“ 封建时代 (feudal period)杰出的女政治家”。 （分数：20.00）_5.铜鼓 (bronze drum)文化是中国南方地区典型的文化代表。在古代，铜鼓多用于祭拜、 出征仪式 (deploying ritual)和庆祝活动。它是激动人心的 打击乐器 (percussion instrument)，给人们带来极大的精神鼓舞。在战场上，铜鼓还被用于传送信号、指挥作战。直至今日，许多少数民族依然保持着在传统节日、婚娶和丧葬等场合使用铜鼓的习俗。铜鼓文化极大地丰富了中华民族艺术的宝库。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级-293 答案解析(总分：100
5、.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.五行学说 (the theory of five elements)是中国古代的一种物质观。五行包括金、木、水、火和土五种要素。五行学说强调整体概念，描绘了事物的结构关系和运动形式。五行学说认为宇宙万物都是基于这五种要素的运行和变化。这五个要素相互作用，不但影响到人的命运，同时也使宇宙万物循环不已。五行学说成熟于 汉代 (the Han Dynasty)，之后广泛应用于中医、建筑和 武术 (martial arts)等领域。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The theory of fiv
6、e elements is a concept of matter in ancient China. The five elements include metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. The theory of five elements emphasizes on an overall concept, describing the structural relationships and forms of movement of matters. The theory holds that everything in the universe
7、is based on the movement and change of these five elements. These five elements interact with each other, affecting a person“s fate as well as making the universe move in endless cycles. The theory got mature in the Han Dynasty and was widely employed in the fields like traditional Chinese medicine,
8、 architecture, and martial arts.2.中国的教育体制分为三个阶段：基础教育、高等教育和成人教育。基础教育包括 学前教育 (pre-school education)、小学和中学。高等教育由职业专科学校、学院和大学组成。1986 年，中国开始实行从小学到初中的 九年制义务教育 (nine-year compulsory education)政策。中国政府把教育放在优先发展的战略地位，提出了“科教兴国”的战略方针。在政府和人民的共同努力下，中国的教育取得了历史性的成就。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Chinese educational syst
9、em is divided into three stages: basic education, higher education and adult education. Basic education is comprised of pre-school education, primary school and secondary school. Higher education consists of vocational schools, colleges and universities. In 1986, China began to implement the policy
10、of nine-year compulsory education from primary school to junior high school. The Chinese government has placed strategic priority on developing education, advancing the strategy of developing the nation by relying on the science and education. With the joint efforts of both the government and the pe
11、ople, historic achievements have been made in Chinese education.3.四大发明 (the Four Great Inventions)是指中国古代对世界有巨大影响的四种发明。即造纸术、印刷术、 火药 (gunpowder)和指南针。造纸术和印刷术使信息的记录和传播有了革命性的进步。火药的发明和传播改变了 中世纪 (the Middle Ages)的战争模式。而指南针大大帮助了欧洲航海家探索新航路。四大发明是古代中国先进科学和技术的象征，在中国和世界文明发展中都有着重要的意义。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Fou
12、r Great Inventions refer to the four inventions in ancient China that had great influences on the world. They are papermaking, printing, gunpowder and compass. Papermaking and printing lead to revolutionary progress in recording and transmitting information. The invention and spread of gunpowder cha
13、nged the mode of war in the Middle Ages. And the compass greatly helped the European navigators to explore new routes. The Four Great Inventions are symbols of advanced science and technology in ancient China and of great significance in the development of Chinese and the world“s civilizations.4.武则天
14、，中国历史上唯一的一位女皇帝，于 唐朝 (the Tang Dynasty)690 年称帝。虽然她很残暴，但是她对国家的统治还是比较成功的。她任人唯贤，完全不考虑其家庭地位。通过奖励积极发展农业的官员，惩罚对农民课征重税的官员，武则天极大地促进了农业的发展。中国的 佛教 (Buddhism)在她统治期间也发展到了顶峰。宋庆龄评价她为“ 封建时代 (feudal period)杰出的女政治家”。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in Chinese history, declared herself emperor
15、in 690, the Tang Dynasty. Although she was very cruel, her rule over the country proved to be quite successful. It is talents that she appointed officials, regardless of their family status. She greatly improved agriculture by rewarding the officials who actively developed agriculture and punishing
16、those imposing heavy tax on peasants. Chinese Buddhism also peaked during her reign. Song Qingling regarded her as an outstanding female politician in the feudal period.5.铜鼓 (bronze drum)文化是中国南方地区典型的文化代表。在古代，铜鼓多用于祭拜、 出征仪式 (deploying ritual)和庆祝活动。它是激动人心的 打击乐器 (percussion instrument)，给人们带来极大的精神鼓舞。在战场上
17、，铜鼓还被用于传送信号、指挥作战。直至今日，许多少数民族依然保持着在传统节日、婚娶和丧葬等场合使用铜鼓的习俗。铜鼓文化极大地丰富了中华民族艺术的宝库。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The bronze drum culture is representative of South China“s culture. In ancient times, bronze drums were mostly used at the sacrifice ceremonies, deploying rituals and celebrating ceremonies. They belong
18、to exciting percussion instruments which bring people great spiritual inspiration. Bronze drums were also used to transmit signals and direct military operations in battles. Until now, many minority groups still maintain the tradition of playing the bronze drums on the occasions such as traditional festivals, wedding ceremonies and funeral ceremonies. The bronze drum culture greatly enriches the treasure house of Chinese national art.
