1、大学英语四级-285 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.城镇化 (urbanization)是指农村人口向城市迁移的过程。衡量一个国家城镇化水平的一个重要指标是农村和城镇地区的人口分布。去年，中国的城镇化率超过了 50%。这标志着我国步入了一个全新的“城市型社会”。城镇化已经成为我国社会和经济发展的重要组成部分。它为城市居民提供了更好的教育和更多的就业机会，不但提高了人们的生活水平，也丰富了人们的文化体验。 （分数：20.00）_2.大多数人都认同骑自行车环保并且能够有效避免交通拥堵的观点。然而，他们依然有充分
2、的理由放弃骑自行车出行。最明显的理由是公共交通很便利。然而最重要的原因是他们出于对安全的忧虑。因为自行车 道 (lane)常常被汽车占用，人们不得不冒着生命危险骑行在机动车道上。此外，即便在市中心某些地方，也没有将自行车道及机动车道分隔开的清晰标识。 （分数：20.00）_3.科举制 (imperial examination system)是中国古代 朝廷 (imperial government)选拔官员的制度。它始于 隋朝 (the Sui Dynasty)，历时 1300多年直到 清朝 (the Qing Dynasty)。科举考试在中国古代教育史上长期占有主导地位。在古代社会，因为阶
3、级意识很强，下层民众很少有机会在朝廷谋职。“科举”评价体系让来自贫困家庭的孩子有机会参加政府考试，并为家庭带来荣誉。科举制被证明是比它之前的任何考试制度都更公平、影响更深远。 （分数：20.00）_4.气功 (Qigong)是中国文化的杰出 遗产 (legacy)，也是传统中医的一个重要组成部分。它是以调心、调息、调身为手段的身心锻炼方法。气功能解乏并改善睡眠质量，从而提高工作效率。因此，在当代中国气功仍然很流行。气功分为 医疗气功 (healing Qigong)和 健身气功 (fitness Qigong)两类：医疗气功用于治疗身体疾病；健身气功主要用于强健体魄，延缓衰老。越来越多的外国人
4、加入练气功的行列。 （分数：20.00）_5.清明节 (Tomb Sweeping Day)是中国最重要的传统节日之一。它起源于 周朝 (the Zhou Dynasty)，有2500多年的历史。清明节是中国人扫墓祭祖的重要日子。扫墓时，人们携带酒食果品和纸钱到墓地，将食物供祭在亲人墓前，为坟墓添加新土、焚烧纸钱、行礼祭拜、最后吃掉酒食回家。除了扫墓，人们还参与包括荡秋千、放风筝等各种活动。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级-285 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.城镇化 (urbanization)是指农村
5、人口向城市迁移的过程。衡量一个国家城镇化水平的一个重要指标是农村和城镇地区的人口分布。去年，中国的城镇化率超过了 50%。这标志着我国步入了一个全新的“城市型社会”。城镇化已经成为我国社会和经济发展的重要组成部分。它为城市居民提供了更好的教育和更多的就业机会，不但提高了人们的生活水平，也丰富了人们的文化体验。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Urbanization refers to the process of rural people migrating into cities. A key index of a nation“s urbanization level is t
6、he distribution of its population in rural and urban areas. In the last year, the urbanization rate of China was over 50%, which marks that China has stepped into a new “city-based society“. Urbanization has become an important part of China“s social and economic development. By offering better educ
7、ation and more job opportunities to urban residents, it not only improves their living standards, but also enriches their cultural experiences.2.大多数人都认同骑自行车环保并且能够有效避免交通拥堵的观点。然而，他们依然有充分的理由放弃骑自行车出行。最明显的理由是公共交通很便利。然而最重要的原因是他们出于对安全的忧虑。因为自行车 道 (lane)常常被汽车占用，人们不得不冒着生命危险骑行在机动车道上。此外，即便在市中心某些地方，也没有将自行车道及机动车道
8、分隔开的清晰标识。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Most people agree that cycling is environmentally friendly and a good way to avoid traffic jams. However, they still have good reasons to abandon cycling. The most obvious one is the convenience of the public transport, while safety concern is the most important reason
9、. As bicycle lanes are often occupied by cars, people have to risk their fives riding bicycles on motor lanes. Moreover, even in some downtown areas, there are no clear signs separating bicycle lanes from Car lanes.3.科举制 (imperial examination system)是中国古代 朝廷 (imperial government)选拔官员的制度。它始于 隋朝 (the
10、Sui Dynasty)，历时 1300多年直到 清朝 (the Qing Dynasty)。科举考试在中国古代教育史上长期占有主导地位。在古代社会，因为阶级意识很强，下层民众很少有机会在朝廷谋职。“科举”评价体系让来自贫困家庭的孩子有机会参加政府考试，并为家庭带来荣誉。科举制被证明是比它之前的任何考试制度都更公平、影响更深远。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The imperial examination system is the one that the imperial government adopted to select officials in ancient Ch
11、ina. It was first put into practice in the Sui Dynasty and lasted more than 1,300 years until the Qing Dynasty, enjoying a long and dominant position in the history of ancient Chinese education. In the ancient society, because of the strong class consciousness, few people from lower classes had the
12、chance to get any position in the government. The “keju“ evaluation system offered opportunities to children from poor families to attend the government exams and bring honor to their families. This system proved to be fairer and more far-reaching than any other examination system existing before it
13、.4.气功 (Qigong)是中国文化的杰出 遗产 (legacy)，也是传统中医的一个重要组成部分。它是以调心、调息、调身为手段的身心锻炼方法。气功能解乏并改善睡眠质量，从而提高工作效率。因此，在当代中国气功仍然很流行。气功分为 医疗气功 (healing Qigong)和 健身气功 (fitness Qigong)两类：医疗气功用于治疗身体疾病；健身气功主要用于强健体魄，延缓衰老。越来越多的外国人加入练气功的行列。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Qigong is an outstanding legacy of Chinese culture as well as an im
14、portant part of traditional Chinese medicine. It is to exercise both the body and the mind through the regulation of the mind, the breath and the body. Qigong relieves fatigue and improves sleep quality so as to improve work efficiency, which is why it is still popular in China now. There are two ki
15、nds of Qigong practices, that is, healing Qigong and fitness Qigong. The former serves as a treatment for diseases while the latter is used for strengthening the body and delaying aging. An increasing number of foreigners join the ranks of practising Qigong.5.清明节 (Tomb Sweeping Day)是中国最重要的传统节日之一。它起源
16、于 周朝 (the Zhou Dynasty)，有2500多年的历史。清明节是中国人扫墓祭祖的重要日子。扫墓时，人们携带酒食果品和纸钱到墓地，将食物供祭在亲人墓前，为坟墓添加新土、焚烧纸钱、行礼祭拜、最后吃掉酒食回家。除了扫墓，人们还参与包括荡秋千、放风筝等各种活动。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Tomb Sweeping Day is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It started from the Zhou Dynasty with a history of more than
17、2,500 years. The Tomb Sweeping Day is an important occasion for people to sweep the tombs and offer sacrifices to their ancestors. When visiting tombs, people carry wine, food, fruits and paper money. They put the food in front of the tombs, add some fresh soil to the tombs, burn paper money, kneel down in prayer and worship their ancestors, and finally eat up the food and drink the wine before going back home. Apart from sweeping the tombs, people also take part in a variety of activities, such as playing on a swing, flying kites, etc.
