1、大学英语四级 77 及答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Judging a Person by Appearance. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below: 1现实生活中，人们往往以貌取人 2我对此的看法 3结论 （分数：3
2、0.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Rapid Police Response A Police departments in the United States and Canada see it as central to their role that they respond to calls for help as quickly as possible. This ability to react fast has been greatly improved with the aid of technology. The tele
3、phone and police radio, already long in use, assist greatly in the reduction of police response time. In more recent times there has been the introduction of the “911“ emergence system, which allows the public easier and faster contact with police, and the use of police computer system, which assist
4、 police in planning patrols and assigning emergency requests to the police officers nearest to the scene of the emergency. B An important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public alike as offering tremendous benefits. The more obvious ones are the abil
5、ity of police to apply first-aid life-saving techniques quickly and the greater likelihood of arresting people who may have participated in a crime. It aids in identifying those who witnessed an emergency or crime, as well as in collecting evidence. The overall reputation of a police department, too
6、, is enhanced if rapid response is consistent, and this in itself promotes the prevention of crime. Needless to say, rapid response offers the public some degree of satisfaction in its police force. C While these may be the desired consequences of rapid police response, actual research has not shown
7、 it to be quite so beneficial. For example, it has been demonstrated that rapid response leads to a greater likelihood of arrest only if responses are on the order of 1-2 minutes after a call is received by the police. When response times increase to 3-4 minutes still quite a rapid response the like
8、lihood of an arrest is substantially reduced. Similarly, in identifying witnesses to emergencies or crimes, police are far more likely to be successful if they arrive at the scene no more than four minutes, on average, after receiving call for help. Yet both police officers and the public defind “ra
9、pid response“ as responding up to 10-12 minutes after calling the police for help. D Should police assume all the responsibility for ensuring a rapid response? Studies have shown that people tend to delay after an incident occurs before contacting the police. A crime victim may be injured and thus u
10、nable to call for help, for example, or no telephone may be available at the scene of the incident. Often, however, there is no such physical barrier to calling tile police. Indeed, it is very common for crime victims to call their parents, their minister, or even their insurance company first. When
11、 the police are finally called in such case, the effectiveness of even the most rapid of responses is greatly diminished. E The effectiveness of rapid response also needs to be seen in light of the nature of the crime. For example, when someone rings the police after discovering their television set
12、 has been stolen from their home, there is little point, in terms of identifying those responsible for the crime, in ensuring a very rapid response. It is common in such burglary or theft cases that the victim discovers the crime hours, days, even weeks after it has occurred. When the victim is dire
13、ctly involved in the crime, however, as in the case of a robbery, rapid response, provided the victim was quickly able to contact the police, is more likely to be advantageous. Based on statistics comparing crimes that are discovered and those in which the victim is directly involved, Spelman and Br
14、own (1981) suggest that three in four calls to police need not be met with rapid response. F It becomes clear that the importance of response time in collecting evidence or catching criminals after a crime must be weighed against a variety of factors. Yet because police department officials assume t
15、he public strongly demands rapid response, they believe that every call to the police should be met with it. Studies have shown, however, that while the public wants quick response, more important is the information given by the police to the person asking for help. If a caller is told the police wi
16、ll arrive in five minutes but in fact it takes ten minutes or more, waiting the extra time can be extremely frustration. But if a caller is told he or she will have to wait 10 minutes and the police indeed arrive within that time, the caller is normally satisfied. Thus, rather than emphasizing rapid
17、 response, the focus of energies should be on establishing realistic expectations in the caller and making every attempt to meet them. （分数：71.00）(1).Police believe there is a better chance of finding witnesses to a crime if response is rapid.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).A response delay of 1-2 minutes may
18、 have substantial influence on whether or not a suspect criminal is caught.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The public and the police generally agree on the amount of time normally taken for a rapid response.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Physical barriers are the greatest cause of delay in contacting police.（分数：7.10
19、）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Rapid response is considered desirable in handling cases of burglary.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Research shows that some 75% of crimes are discovered by victims after they have been committed.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Police departments are usually successful in providing a rapid response re
20、gardless of the circumstances of the crime or emergency.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The importance of response time in collecting evidence must be weighed against _.（分数：7.10）_(9).If a caller is told _but in fact it takes ten minutes or more, the caller will wait extra time feeling frustrated.（分数：7.10）_(1
21、0).The focus of energies should be on _in the caller.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.The woman should have been more attentive.B.The woman neednt have attended the briefing.C.Mr. Robins briefing was not relevant to the mission.D.Mr. Robins briefing was unnecessarily long.A.Repair a
22、 typewriterB.Start a. car.C.Play a tape recorder.D.Take a picture.A.The couples suitcase was stolen in the restaurant.B.An old lady took the couples suitcase for her own.C.The man forgot to put the toys in their suitcase.D.The old lady sitting next to the couple likes toys very much.A.Shes going to
23、say good-bye to Bill.B.Shes leaving for Hong Kong with Bill.C.Shes flying to Hong Kong.D.Shes going to buy an air ticket.A.The two speakers are seniors at college.B.The woman regrets spending her time idly.C.The two speakers are at a loss about what to do.D.The man is worried about his future.A.She
24、can recall the names of most characters in the novel.B.She has learned a lot from the novel.C.She usually has difficulty remembering names.D.She also found the plot difficult to follow.A.Shes also in need of a textbook.B.She can help the man out.C.She picked up the book from the bus floor.D.She can
25、find the right person to help the man.A.Theyd better change their mind.B.The tennis game wont last long.C.Weather forecasts are not reliable.D.They shouldnt change their plan.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.What course they choose to study.B.What they like to do in the future.C.What material science is
26、 about.D.What Modern Art is about.A.Because he has to satisfy his girl friend.B.Because he likes colors and shapes.C.Because he thinks buildings are works of art.D.Because he hopes to use plastics as his building material.A.To tell the man that they can be used as building materials.B.To tell us how
27、 important they are to our daily life.C.To explain what properties they have for different uses.D.To explain how interesting and useful chemistry science is.A.How to deposit money.B.How to write a cheque.C.How to calculate the interest rate.D.How to open a current account.A.In the top right-hand com
28、er.B.In the box printed on the cheque.C.On the right-hand bottom line.D.On the back of the cheque.A.In words.B.In numbers.C.Both in words and in numbers.D.In none of the above ways.A.He wanted to find a place to read his papers.B.He wanted to kill time before boarding the plane.C.He felt thirsty and
29、 wanted some coffee.D.He went there to meet his friends.A.Toys for children.B.Important documents.C.Food and coffee.D.Clothes and scientific papers.A.The woman took his case on purpose.B.All his papers had been stolen.C.Food and coffee.D.The woman played a joke on him.A.A basket.B.A cup.C.An egg.D.A
30、n oven.A.To let in the sunshine.B.To serve as its door.C.To keep the nest cool.D.For the bird to lay eggs.A.Branches.B.Grasses.C.Mud.D.Straw.A.Some are built underground.B.Some can be eaten.C.Most are sewed with grasses.D.Most are dried by the sun.A.A child living with a step-mother.B.A scientist do
31、ing some experiments.C.A journalist for the Economic Journal.D.An economist at Princeton University.A.In the December issue.B.In the November issue.C.In the October issue.D.In the September issue.A.Many children eat less food and drink more alcohol.B.Many children dont live with their biological par
32、ents.C.Many children hate to live with a step-mother.D.Many children eat more vegetables and fruit.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In 1847 the United States Post Office Department adopted the idea of a (36) 1stamp, much to the objection of those who did not like to pay (37) 2. Besides, the stamp covered
33、only delivery to the post office and did not include carrying it to a (38) 3address. It is no (39) 4that, during the years that followed, letter-carrying and (40) 5businesses developed. As a result, the government postal service lost (41) 6to competition. Finally, in 1863, Congress provided that the
34、 government should pay the mail (42) 7for delivering mail to addresses, and that there should be no (43) 8charge for that delivery. But this delivery service was (44) 9. As of 1890, of the 75 million people in the United States, (45) 10. (46) 11.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空
35、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Time spent in bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book lover or merely there to buy a book as a present. Whatever the person, you can soon become totally unaware of your surroundings. You soon become engaged in som
36、e books, and usually it is only much later that you realize you have spent far too much time there and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointment without buying a book, of course. This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I think, the main attraction of a bookshop. A music
37、shop is very like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your hearts content. If it is a good shop, no assistant will approach you with the inevitable greeting: “Can I help you, sir?“ You neednt buy anything you dont want. In a bookshop, an assistant should remain in the background until yo
38、u have finished browsing (浏览) . Then, and only then, are his services necessary. You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop. It is very easy to enter the shop looking for a book on ancient coins and to come out carrying a copy of the latest best-selling novel an
39、d perhaps a book about brass-rubbing something which had only vaguely interested you up until then. This volume on the subject, however, happened to be so well illustrated and the part of the text you read proved so interesting that you just had to buy it. This sort of thing can be very dangerous. A
40、part from running up a huge account, you can waste a great deal of time wandering from section to section. Booksellers must be both long-suffering and indulgent (宽容) for customers of any type, especially for those who just come to browse or even read. However, it should be put as the priority of a b
41、ookshop that the best of its customers are those who love books. （分数：177.50）(1).You may be unaware of the time passing by in a bookshop because_.（分数：35.50）A.you want to escape the reality of everyday lifeB.you have to finish browsing one of the booksC.you dont want to waste your moneyD.you have to m
42、ake sure you dont buy a dull book as a present(2).In a good bookshop_.（分数：35.50）A.the shop assistant should greet you in a friendly wayB.you feel obliged to buy one of the booksC.your heart is lostD.no shop assistant will approach you unless his service is called(3).It is very unwise to enter a book
43、shop and buy_.（分数：35.50）A.a best-selling novel on brass-rubbingB.a book on ancient coinsC.a book on the subject that vaguely interests youD.a book well illustrated and expensive(4).According to the writer, the best way to escape the realities of routine life is_.（分数：35.50）A.to have a long chat with
44、assistant in a bookshopB.to stay in a bookshop, being absorbed in reading books of various kindsC.to buy a best-selling novel to readD.to wander about in the streets(5).According to this passage, a good bookshop owner should_.（分数：35.50）A.be an expert of book categorizationB.attendant only to those w
45、ho payC.respect any customers who love booksD.know how to escape the realities of everyday life in a bookshopA family sustains, supports and nourishes the members throughout the span of that family. A strong family unit creates a safe, positive and supportive place for all members to grow up. They a
46、re able to use resources and to live together in a fairly healthy manner. The adults in a strong family set the tone. They are good role models that lead by example. They reach out to friends and community and teach their children the importance of doing the same. Some important elements of a strong
47、 family system are family cohesion, family flexibility and family communication. Cohesion In families, cohesion would be defined as the feeling of being loved, of belonging to the group and being nurtured (养育) by it. Although closeness is good in a family unit, there must be a balance between being together and being separate. A person must be able to develop their individuality, while being supported and confident within the family. Flexibility On one hand, there must be a structure in a family or it will become orderless and will not be a pe
