1、大学英语四级 72 及答案解析(总分：746.57，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a welcome speech on behalf of the department to welcome Professor Thomas to give a lecture. You should write at least 120 words according to the guidelines given below
2、 in Chinese. 假设你所在的化学系邀请著名化学教授(Thomas)做讲座，请你写一篇欢迎词。内容主要包括： 1表示热情欢迎 2简要介绍教授的情况 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Green Wave Washed Over Mainstream Shopping Research in Britain has shown that “green consumers“ continue to flourish as a significant group amongst shoppers. This suggests t
3、hat politicians who claim environ mentalism is yesterdays issue may be seriously misjudging the public mood. A report from Mintel, the market research organization, says that despite recession and financial pressures, more people than ever want to buy environmentally friendly products and a “green w
4、ave“ has swept through consumerism, taking in people previously untouched by environmental concerns. The recently published report also predicts that the process will repeat itself with “ethical“ concerns, involving issues such as fair trade with the Third World and the social record of businesses.
5、Companies will have to be more honest and open in response to this mood. Mintels survey, based on nearly 1,000 consumers, found that the proportion who look for green products and are prepared to pay more for them has climbed from 53 per cent in 1990 to around 60 per cent in 1994. On average, they w
6、ill pay 13 per cent more for such products, although this percentage is higher among women, managerial and professional groups and those aged 35 to 44. Between 1990 and 1994 the proportion of consumers claiming to be unaware of or unconcerned about green issues fell from 18 to 10 percent but the num
7、ber of green spenders among older people and manual workers has risen substantially. Regions such as Scotland have also caught up with the south of England in their environmental concerns. According to Mintel, and image of green consumerism as associated in the past with the more eccentric members o
8、f society has virtually disappeared. The consumer research manager for Mintel, Angela Hughes, said it had become firmly established as a mainstream market. She explained that as far as the average person is concerned environmentalism has not gone off the boil. In fact, it has spread across a much wi
9、der range of consumer groups, ages and occupations. Mintels 1994 survey found that 13 per cent of consumers are “very dark green“, nearly always buying environmentally friendly products, 28 per cent are “dark green“, trying “as far as possible“ to buy such products, and 21 per cent are “pale green“t
10、ending to buy green products if they see them. Another 26 per cent are “armchair greens“; they said they care about environmental issues but their concern does not affect their spending habits. Only 10 per cent say they do not care about green issues. Four in ten people are “ethical spenders“, buyin
11、g goods which do Not, for example, involve dealings with oppressive regimes. This figure is the same as in 1990, although the number of armchair ethicals has risen from 28 to 35 per cent and only 22 per cent say they are unconcerned now, against 30 per cent in 1990. Hughes claims that in the twenty-
12、first century, consumers will be encouraged to think more about the entire history of the products and services they buy, including the policies of the companies that provide them and that this will require a greater degree of honesty with consumers. Among green consumers, animal testing is the top
13、issue 48 per cent said they would be deterred from buying a product if it had been tested on animalsfollowed by concerns regarding irresponsible selling, the ozone layer, river and sea pollution, forest destruction, recycling and factory farming. However, concern for specific issues is lower than in
14、 1990, suggesting that many consumers feel that Government and business have taken on the environmental agenda. （分数：71.00）(1).The research findings report commercial rather than political trends.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Being financially better off has made shoppers more sensitive to buying green.（分数：
15、7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The majority of shoppers are prepared to pay more for the benefit of the environment according to the research findings.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Consumers green shopping habits are influenced by Mintels findings.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Mintel have limited their investigation to profe
16、ssional and managerial groups.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Mintel undertakes market surveys on an annual basis.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).people will buy any products under the name of green.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Between 1990 and 1994, 1and 2who spend on green food increased much.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).In the p
17、ast people described those who take a fancy of green products as 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).The amount of people who concerned about the environmental issues related to products now is 1 those of people in 1990.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She cant send the message right now.B
18、.Shes not sure if the computer is fixed.C.She has to turn down the mans request.D.She has to post a letter instead.A.The woman is glad to meet Mr. Fred in person.B.The man is meeting the woman on behalf of Mr. Fred.C.The woman feels sorry that Mr. Fred is unable to come.D.The man is late for the tri
19、p because he is busy.A.At a publishing house.B.In a library.C.At a bookstore.D.In a printing shop.A.She suggested a way out of the difficulty for the man.B.She promised to help the man.C.She came a long way to meet the man.D.She took the man to where he wanted to go.A.Most students dont want jobs ad
20、vertised in the newspapers.B.Most students find a job by reading advertisements.C.Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate.D.Most students would like to work for a newspaper.A.She will drop out of school.B.She plans to go to graduate school.C.She will stop working and concentrate
21、on her studies.D.She will take a part-time job.A.A student.B.A reporter.C.A visitor.D.A lecturer.A.The man cant come for the appointment at 4:15.B.The man is glad hes got in touch with the doctor.C.The man wants to change the date of the appointment.D.The man was confused about the date of the appoi
22、ntment.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.They were going to the mall.B.They were riding an elevator.C.They were thinking about the stairs.D.They were carrying a heavy box upstairs.A.She usually gets to work at 3: 30.B.She usually gets to work at 3:45.C.She usually gets to work at 4:00.D.She usually gets
23、to work at 4:15.A.They are strangers.B.They are colleagues.C.They are friends.D.They are neighbors.A.Once.B.Twice.C.Three times.D.Four times.A.He is quite doubtful.B.He is quite sure.C.He doesnt have any opinion.D.Impossible.A.Traveling abroad.B.Going to the park.C.Eating out with his wife and child
24、ren tonight.D.Playing football.A.Continue to play football.B.Train young footballers.C.Work in football.D.Write a book about football.A.It would be normal if the car took just four seconds.B.It would be normal if the car took six seconds.C.It would be normal if the car took less than three seconds.D
25、.It would be normal if the car took less than six minutes.A.A speed limit.B.A speed-check.C.A distance measurement.D.A traffic-sign.A.By hiding behind the hedge and timing vehicles.B.By measuring the speed.C.By writing down their names.D.By taking down their car numbers.A.There were no motorists com
26、ing and going.B.The motorists drove too slowly.C.Some two students played a trick.D.The police placed a notice.A.A fast, new car.B.A fast, old car.C.A slow, old car.D.A fast, small car.A.He often paints pictures in black.B.He paints very colorful pictures.C.He paints pictures with only a few colors.
27、D.He never paints beautiful pictures.A.Two.B.Five.C.Four.D.Six.A.The liberation movement of British women.B.Rapid economic development in Britain.C.Changing attitudes to family life.D.Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.A.Because millions of men died in the war.B.Because women had proved t
28、heir worth.C.Because women were more skillful than men.D.Because factories preferred to employ women.A.The concept of “the family“ as a social unit.B.The attitudes to birth control.C.The attitudes to religion.D.The ideas of authority and tradition.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Adervertising is a form o
29、f selling. For thousands of years, there have been (36) 1who tried to persuade others to buy the food they have (37) 2or the goods they have made or the services they can perform. Advertising (38) 3in the signs that merchants once put over their doors to (39) 4the public exactly what was for sale in
30、side with (40) 5 or pictures. The objective of any advertisement is to (41) 6 people that it is in their best interests to take an action the advertiser is recommending. Advertising (42) 7to the content of the mass media, and at the same time, supports them. Most newspapers and magazines publishers,
31、 radio and television stations make their (43) 8from the sale of space or time to advertisers. As a matter of fact, (44) 9. The cost of buying space or time is added to the price of an advertisers goods or services. (45) 10rather than providing better books, programs or magazine articles. Advertisin
32、g may also influence media content: a magazine that runs cigarette ads may not be enthusiastic about printing an article on the dangers of smoking. Moreover, the distinction between advertising and other types of content is not always clear. (46) 11, and even specialized media directed at schools. （
33、分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)On 10 September 2001, Charles Ingram, an officer in the British army, became a millionaire but only for a few hours. That night, he appeared on the UKs “Who wants to be a Mill
34、ionaire“ quiz show. Contestants on this show must answer 15 questions correctly, getting larger sums of money each time. If they answer all the questions, they walk away with 1 million. Charles Ingram won his million. But then the program makers decided he had cheated. Contestants have to choose one
35、 correct answer from four given to every question. Playing back the tape of the show, they heard loud coughs coming from the audience whenever the correct answer was mentioned. Charles Ingram would then choose that answer. The coughs came from another contestant, Tecwen Whittock, who was a friend of
36、 Charles Ingrams wife, Diana. The three were soon arrested and on April 7 this year, they were all found guilty in court by trying to cheat the programme makers of their money. However, Charles Ingram still protests that he is innocent. To the public in the UK, “The millionaire trial“, as it was cal
37、led, was a major source of public entertainment It was more than just a trial. It was a modern morality tale, a story of media, money and greed. TV quiz shows have always been accused of causing corruption. In the early days, producers would give the right answers to contestants who seemed to be pop
38、ular with the audience to increase viewing figures. For many years, prizes on game shows were limited to discouraging cheating. Viewers are supposed to watch just for the pleasure of seeing people get questions right. But program makers eventually argued successfully that competing for large amounts
39、 of money made the shows more exciting. From then on, it was only a matter of time before someone came up with an idea like “who wants to be a millionaire?“ It proved a success. Though only three people have won the top prize, many more have walked away with smaller but still large amounts money. De
40、spite this, the show makes a big profit. It is supported by advertisers and sponsors. The format has been sold on to 106 countries. Also, people who want to go on the showjust to test their knowledge of course have to apply using a special premium rate telephone line. Each phone call costs them more
41、 man one pound and many make over 1000 calls before getting the chance to go on the show. It seems that many contestants treat the show as a serious business. Read a few encyclopedias, invest some money in phone calls and the returns could be great. Diana Ingram, Charles wife, had already appeared o
42、n the show a few months before her husband. So had her two brothers. Critics of the show argue that it undermines moral values. Charles Ingram may have tried to cheat, but the show and its makers have a wider responsibility for greed by promoting a “something for nothing culture,“ they say. Perhaps
43、because of this argument, Charles Ingram, his wife, and Tecwen Whittock were not sent to prison, despite the seriousness of their crime. （分数：177.50）(1).Charles Ingrams experience of being a millionaire lasts only for a few hours because_.（分数：35.50）A.he didnt appeared on the UKs “Who wants to be a Mi
44、llionaire“ quiz showB.he was not able to answer 15 questions correctlyC.the program makers decided he had cheatedD.he admitted that he cheated in the contest(2).Charles Ingram was accused of cheating by_.（分数：35.50）A.stealing the questions from the programmerB.bribing the programmerC.not answering th
45、e questions with his own witsD.coughing for help from the audience(3).Charles Ingram（分数：35.50）A.admitted that he cheated in the contestB.was not much influenced by the caseC.regretted much for attending; the contestD.still claimed that he was innocent(4).The Ingrams and their friend were not sent to
46、 prison partly because_.（分数：35.50）A.they havent done anything against moral valuesB.the court found they were not guilty of cheatingC.the press argued that Ingram may have tried to commit fraud, but the producer of the show should be more responsible for the misdeedsD.they havent profited from the w
47、hole business(5).The authors attitude towards such TV show as “The millionaire trial“ is_.（分数：35.50）A.accusativeB.sympatheticC.indifferentD.ironicThe view over a valley or a tiny village with thatched (草盖的) roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched co
48、ttages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm buildings these are still common sights in parts of England. Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside. Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practised in the British Isles (英伦诸岛). Although thatch has always been used for cottage and farm buildings, it was once used for castles
