1、大学英语四级 65 及答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to the president of your university. You should write at feast 120 words based on the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 学校教学应该注重学生学习方法的培养； 2. 学校应该丰富学生的校园生活。 （分数：
2、30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Green Wave Washed Over Mainstream Shopping Research in Britain has shown that “green consumers“ continue to flourish as a significant group amongst shoppers. This suggests that politicians who claim environ mentalism is yesterdays issue may be seriously m
3、isjudging the public mood. A report from Mintel, the market research organization, says that despite recession and financial pressures, more people than ever want to buy environmentally friendly products and a “green wave“ has swept through consumerism, taking in people previously untouched by envir
4、onmental concerns. The recently published report also predicts that the process will repeat itself with “ethical“ concerns, involving issues such as fair trade with the Third World and the social record of businesses. Companies will have to be more honest and open in response to this mood. Mintels s
5、urvey, based on nearly 1,000 consumers, found that the proportion who look for green products and are prepared to pay more for them has climbed from 53 per cent in 1990 to around 60 per cent in 1994. On average, they will pay 13 per cent more for such products, although this percentage is higher amo
6、ng women, managerial and professional groups and those aged 35 to 44. Between 1990 and 1994 the proportion of consumers claiming to be unaware of or unconcerned about green issues fell from 18 to 10 percent but the number of green spenders among older people and manual workers has risen substantiall
7、y. Regions such as Scotland have also caught up with the south of England in their environmental concerns. According to Mintel, and image of green consumerism as associated in the past with the more eccentric members of society has virtually disappeared. The consumer research manager for Mintel, Ang
8、ela Hughes, said it had become firmly established as a mainstream market. She explained that as far as the average person is concerned environmentalism has not gone off the boil. In fact, it has spread across a much wider range of consumer groups, ages and occupations. Mintels 1994 survey found that
9、 13 per cent of consumers are “very dark green“, nearly always buying environmentally friendly products, 28 per cent are “dark green“, trying “as far as possible“ to buy such products, and 21 per cent are “pale green“tending to buy green products if they see them. Another 26 per cent are “armchair g
10、reens“; they said they care about environmental issues but their concern does not affect their spending habits. Only 10 per cent say they do not care about green issues. Four in ten people are “ethical spenders“, buying goods which do Not, for example, involve dealings with oppressive regimes. This
11、figure is the same as in 1990, although the number of armchair ethicals has risen from 28 to 35 per cent and only 22 per cent say they are unconcerned now, against 30 per cent in 1990. Hughes claims that in the twenty-first century, consumers will be encouraged to think more about the entire history
12、 of the products and services they buy, including the policies of the companies that provide them and that this will require a greater degree of honesty with consumers. Among green consumers, animal testing is the top issue 48 per cent said they would be deterred from buying a product if it had been
13、 tested on animalsfollowed by concerns regarding irresponsible selling, the ozone layer, river and sea pollution, forest destruction, recycling and factory farming. However, concern for specific issues is lower than in 1990, suggesting that many consumers feel that Government and business have taken
14、 on the environmental agenda. （分数：71.00）(1).The research findings report commercial rather than political trends.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Being financially better off has made shoppers more sensitive to buying green.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The majority of shoppers are prepared to pay more for the benef
15、it of the environment according to the research findings.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Consumers green shopping habits are influenced by Mintels findings.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Mintel have limited their investigation to professional and managerial groups.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Mintel undertakes market surv
16、eys on an annual basis.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).people will buy any products under the name of green.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Between 1990 and 1994, 1and 2who spend on green food increased much.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).In the past people described those who take a fancy of green products as 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:
17、_(10).The amount of people who concerned about the environmental issues related to products now is 1 those of people in 1990.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.He will only be available in the afternoon.B.Its not his office hour.C.He doesnt have time right now.D.He is too tired
18、after class.A.Detective stories.B.Stories about jail escapes.C.Love stories.D.Stories about royal families.A.The cinema is some distance away from where they are.B.He would like to read the film review in the newspaper.C.They should wait to see the movie at a later time.D.Hell find his way to the ci
19、nema.A.The man is planning a trip to Austin.B.The man has not been to Austin before.C.The man doesnt like Austin.D.The man has been to Austin before.A.Jane is looking for a summer job.B.Jane is packing for the summer vacation.C.Jane is on her way home.D.Jane is eager to go home for the vacation.A.He
20、 wants to make an appointment with Mr. Smith.B.He wants to make sure that Mr. Smith will see him.C.He wants to change the time of the appointment.D.He wants the woman to meet him at three oclock.A.The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.B.The woman regrets having taken up much of the
21、professors time.C.The woman knew the professor was busy.D.The woman knew the professor had run into trouble.A.The woman can tell Joan when she sees her at noon.B.The woman should tell Joans brother about the reception.C.The woman must call on Joan after the reception.D.The woman may see Joans brothe
22、r at lunch.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Shes worried about the seminar.B.The man keeps interrupting her.C.She finds it too hard.D.She lacks interest in it.A.The lecturers are boring.B.The course is poorly designed.C.She prefers Philosophy to English.D.She enjoys literature more.A.Karens friend.B.Kar
23、ens parents.C.Karens lecturers.D.Karen herself.A.Changing her major.B.Spending less of her parents money.C.Getting transferred to the English Department.D.Leaving the university.A.To the Nile River.B.To the Museum of Natural History.C.To Colorado.D.To Arizona.A.In a boat.B.In a cave.C.In a river.D.I
24、n a tree.A.Find some drift wood.B.Take some photographs.C.Solve a mystery.D.See the canyon.A.Sir John Hawkins.B.Drake.C.Sir Walter Raleigh.D.Bacon.A.The Royal family had never eaten potatoes before 1619.B.Potatoes have been the main food of the British.C.The Irish had lived on the potatoes during th
25、e last two centuries.D.The potato has been an important item of British diet.A.Growing potatoes in Ireland.B.Drinking very strong liquors.C.Failing to grow potatoes.D.Brewing a very strong liquor from the potato.A.Nothing but breath and heartbeats.B.Only rapid eye movements.C.Nothing but dreams.D.A
26、lot in your body.A.During the stage when sounds or light affects you.B.During the stage when your eyes move rapidly.C.During the stage when you sleep soundly.D.During the stage when you sleep lightly.A.Different people have different time space of sleep stages.B.Some people do not need to go through
27、 all the sleep stages.C.Sleep stages will repeat themselves when someone sleeps long.D.You can remember the dream when you suddenly wake up.A.Clean.B.Powerful.C.Cheap.D.Secure.A.31%.B.33%.C.58%.D.24%.A.Advantages of nuclear-generated electricity.B.Nuclear-and-coal-generated electricity.C.Nuclear-gen
28、erated electricity becoming one of the basic props supporting the U. S. economy.D.U. S. energy independence.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Some of the notebooks George Washington kept as a young man are still in (36) 1. They show that he was learning Latin, was very interested in the basics of good beha
29、vior in society, and was reading English (37) 2. At school he seemed only to have been interested in (38) 3. In fact his formal education was (39) 4 brief for a gentleman, and incomplete. For unlike other young Virginian gentlemen of that day, he did not go to the College of William and Mary in the
30、Virginian (40) 5 of Williamsburg. In terms of formal (41) 6 then, Washington (42) 7 sharply with some other early American Presidents such as John Adams, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. In later years, Washington probably regretted his lack of (43) 8 . (44) 9, or on any subject that had not to d
31、o with everyday, practical matters. (45) 10, he did not visit the country he admired so much. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)If you want to increase your odds of having a long and lively lifetime,
32、 scientists say, work on getting an average of seven or eight hours of sleep a night. If you get only six hours or less, you stand a 70 percent chance of dying before your time. Scientists are finding that if you dont get enough sleep, you are putting yourself at increased risk of heart trouble, dig
33、estive disease, or a serious, even fatal (致命的) accident. When tired, your sight, hearing, and attention are slow to alert you to dangers-and once you are aware of them, your reactions are also slow. H. Craig Heller-a professor of biology at Stanford University-is one of a small army of scientists st
34、udying the reasons why many people can t sleep and wake refreshed, why the brain puts you to sleep, and why lack of sleep causes such powerful effects. Heller notes that most major accidents have occurred in the early morning, when workers probably were still sleepy from deficient (不足的) sleep. He in
35、cludes the explosion at the nuclear power plant at Chernobyl in Ukraine, the release of poisonous gas at Bhopal, India and the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania. Scientists estimate that more than 100 million Americans have sleep troubles of some kind. Getting too little sleep he
36、ads the list. As many as one American in five gets fewer than six hours of sleep a night. Some people can get along on six hours, but most of us need between seven and eight-and children and young adults need up to 10 hours. As we age, it becomes more difficult to get enough sleep. At any age, howev
37、er, we all can pile up a sleep deficit that eventual ly will force us to fall asleep-whether we re ready or not. （分数：177.50）(1).The word “odds“ in Line 1 of Paragraph 1 means _.（分数：35.50）A.happinessB.preferencesC.chancesD.capability(2).The author s purpose in writing this article is to _.（分数：35.50）A
38、.inform readers of Heller s findings in his researchesB.persuade readers to get enough sleep at different agesC.show readers the importance of getting enough sleepD.tell readers how many hours of sleep they should get(3).The phrase “such powerful effects“ in Line 3 of Paragraph 3 refers to _.（分数：35.
39、50）A.the fact that many people cannot sleep and wake refreshedB.the fact that the brain puts us to sleep when we are worn outC.your sight, hearing, and attention are slow to alert you to dangersD.increased risk of health problems or a serious, even deadly accident(4).Which of the following statement
40、s is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：35.50）A.Getting too little sleep is the commonest sleep trouble with most Americans who have sleep trouble.B.At least twenty percent of Americans don t have enough sleep every night.C.Our brains will force us to sleep when we have piled up too large a sleep
41、 deficitD.Seven or eight hours of sleep every night is enough for people of different ages.(5).It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：35.50）A.people of an older age are more likely to suffer from deficient sleepB.the older one becomes, the more sleep he or she will need every nightC.everyone
42、 of us needs to have seven or eight hours of sleep every nightD.even if we are tired, we can still react quickly as soon as we find dangersThe three main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by the Latin grammar school, the academy, and the public high school. The fir
43、st of these was a colonial institution. It began in New England with the establish ment in 1635 of the Boston Free Latin School. The curriculum (课程) consisted mainly of the classical languages, and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college, where most of them would b
44、e fitted for the ministry. The academy began in the early 1750s with Benjamin Franklins school in Philadelphia, which later became the University of Pennsylvania. It extended generally to about the middle nineteenth century, except in the southern states where the public high school was late in deve
45、loping and where the academy continued to be a principal means of secondary education even after 1900. The academy was open to girls as well as to boys, and it provided a wider curriculum than what the Latin grammar school had furnished. It was designed not only as a preparation for college but also
46、 for practical life in commercial and business activities. Although its wide educational values are evident and are recognized as important contributions to secondary education in this country, the academy has never been considered a public institution as the public high school has come to be. The p
47、ublic high school had its origin in Massachusetts in 1821 when the English Classical School was established in Boston. In 1827, the state enacted(制定) the first state-wide public high-school law in the United States. By 1840, there were perhaps a dozen public high schools in Massachusetts and many in
48、 other eastern states by 1850, they could also be found in many other states. Just as the curriculum of the academy grew out of that of the Latin grammar school, the curriculum of the public high school developed out of that of the academy. The public high school in the United States is a repudiation (推翻) of the aristocratic(贵族的)and selective principle of the European educational tradition. Since 1890, enrollments (入学) in secondary schools, mainly public high schools, have pra
