1、大学英语四级 57及答案解析(总分：746.57，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Dont hesitate to say “No“. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
2、1别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。 2为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”。 3该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Bloggers learn price of telling too much Blogs are everywhere increasingly, the place where young people go to bare their souls, to vent, to gossip. And often they do so with fervor and l
3、ittle self-editing, posting their innermost thoughts for any number of web surfers to see. There is a freedom in it, as 23-year-old Allison Martin says: “Since the people who read my blog are friends or acquaintances of mine, my philosophy is to be totally honest whether its about how uncomfortable
4、my hat are or my opinions about First Amendment law,“ says Martin, who lives in suburban Chicago and has been blogging for four years. Some are, however, finding that putting ones life online can have a price. A few bloggers, for instance, have been fired for writing about work on personal online jo
5、urnals. And Maya Marcel-Keyes, daughter of conservative politician Alan Keyes, discovered the trickiness of providing personal details online when her discussions on her blog about being a lesbian became an issue during her fathers recent run for a U.S. Senate seat in Illinois (he made anti-gay stat
6、ements during the campaign). Experts say such incidents belong to a growing trend in which frank outpourings online are causing personal and public dramas, often taking on a life they couldnt have if the Web had not come along and turned individuals into publishers. Some also speculate that more sca
7、ndalous blog entries will have ramifications (支流) down the road. “I would bet that in the 2016 election, somebodys Facebook entry will come back to bite them,“ Steve Jones, head of the communications department at the University of Illinois, says, referring to , a networking site for college student
8、s and alumni that is something of a cross between a yearbook and a blog. More traditional blog sites which allow easy creation of a Web site with text, photos and often music include LiveJournal and MySpace. And they ve gotten more popular in recent years, especially among the younger set Surveys co
9、mpleted in recent months by the Internet necklines are lowered or raised, and so on. No one can claim that the fashion industry (53)_ anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in (54)_
10、appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of (55)_ , as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep
11、 snow in high-heeled shoes. When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are (56)_ . Do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fa
12、shion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide. Word Bank A) fashion I) evidence B) announcing J) casually C) introduced K) discomfort D) advantage L) burden E) contributes M) outward F) tremble N) intentional G) b
13、lame O) replace H) obvious （分数：10.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.九、Cloze (15 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：71.00)A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural re
14、sources, and labor supplyall these were important 【B1】 in helping England to become the center ior the Industrial Revolution. 【B2】 they were not enough. Something 【B3】was needed to start the industrial process. That “something special“ was men【B4】 individual who could invent machines, find new 【B5】
15、of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society. The men who 【B6】 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 【B7】 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 【B8】 inventors than scientists. A man who is a 【B9】 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research
16、 【B10】 He is not necessarily working 【B11】 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is 【B12】 trying to make something that has a concrete 【B13】 He may try to solve a problem by using the theories 【B14】 science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regard
17、less of his method, he is working to obtain a 【B15】 result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 【B16】 other objectives. Most of the people who 【B17】 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientis
18、ts and inventors. Even those who had 【B18】 or no training in science might not have made their inventions 【B19】 a ground-work had not been laid by scientists years 【B20】. （分数：71.00）A.casesB.reasonsC.factorsD.situationsA.ButB.AndC.BesidesD.EvenA.elseB.nearC.extraD.similarA.generatingB.effectiveC.moti
19、vatingD.creativeA.originsB.sourcesC.basesD.discoveriesA.employedB.createdC.operatedD.controlledA.cameB.arrivedC.stemmedD.appearedA.lessB.betterC.moreD.worseA.genuineB.practicalC.pureD.cleverA.happilyB.occasionallyC.reluctantlyD.accuratelyA.nowB.andC.allD.soA.seldomB.sometimesC.usuallyD.neverA.planB.
20、useC.ideaD.meansA.ofB.withC.toD.asA.singleB.soleC.specializedD.specificA.fewB.thoseC.manyD.allA.proposedB.developedC.suppliedD.offeredA.littleB.muchC.someD.anyA.asB.ifC.becauseD.whileA.agoB.pastC.aheadD.before十、Translation (5 minu(总题数：5，分数：177.50)3.The novelist instantly_(一举成名) in 1950 with the publ
21、ication of Good-bye, My dear, novel inspired by his experience with a girl on his older brothers farm.（分数：35.50）_4.They carried on in spite of_(条件极端困难).（分数：35.50）_5.He seems poor, but_ (我们都怀疑他很有钱).（分数：35.50）_6.Im not supposed to let anyone in without a card, _(但对你我就破一次例) .（分数：35.50）_7.I shall be rea
22、dy to raise the matter with him_(等有合适的机会) .（分数：35.50）_大学英语四级 57答案解析(总分：746.57，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Dont hesitate to say “No“. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your
23、composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。 2为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”。 3该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。 （分数：30.00）_正确答案：( Dont Hesitate to Say “No“ In our daily life, there are many occasions on which we should not hesitate to say “No“ when asked for help. For one thing, when we are not
24、 able to offer help, we should give others a direct reply “No“. For another, when the thing we are asked for is unreasonable or even illegal, we should also say “No“ to the requirer. However, it is not the case in our real life. Many people prefer to say “Yes“ when they should say “No“. On the one h
25、and, they are afraid to lose their own face. Since they think refusal means their inability. On the other hand, they are afraid to offend their acquaintances face, such as their friends, relatives and so on. In fact, there are disadvantages in doing so. At first, they are not able enough or willing
26、enough to do the thing for others. Therefore, the thing can not be accomplished well. In the end they may lose both their acquaintances belief and their own faces. )解析：二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Bloggers learn price of telling too much Blogs are everywhere increasingly, the place where yo
27、ung people go to bare their souls, to vent, to gossip. And often they do so with fervor and little self-editing, posting their innermost thoughts for any number of web surfers to see. There is a freedom in it, as 23-year-old Allison Martin says: “Since the people who read my blog are friends or acqu
28、aintances of mine, my philosophy is to be totally honest whether its about how uncomfortable my hat are or my opinions about First Amendment law,“ says Martin, who lives in suburban Chicago and has been blogging for four years. Some are, however, finding that putting ones life online can have a pric
29、e. A few bloggers, for instance, have been fired for writing about work on personal online journals. And Maya Marcel-Keyes, daughter of conservative politician Alan Keyes, discovered the trickiness of providing personal details online when her discussions on her blog about being a lesbian became an
30、issue during her fathers recent run for a U.S. Senate seat in Illinois (he made anti-gay statements during the campaign). Experts say such incidents belong to a growing trend in which frank outpourings online are causing personal and public dramas, often taking on a life they couldnt have if the Web
31、 had not come along and turned individuals into publishers. Some also speculate that more scandalous blog entries will have ramifications (支流) down the road. “I would bet that in the 2016 election, somebodys Facebook entry will come back to bite them,“ Steve Jones, head of the communications departm
32、ent at the University of Illinois, says, referring to , a networking site for college students and alumni that is something of a cross between a yearbook and a blog. More traditional blog sites which allow easy creation of a Web site with text, photos and often music include LiveJournal and MySpace.
33、 And they ve gotten more popular in recent years, especially among the younger set Surveys completed in recent months by the Internet necklines are lowered or raised, and so on. No one can claim that the fashion industry (53)_ anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concer
34、ned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in (54)_ appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of (55)_ , as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight o
35、f a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes. When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are (56)_ . Do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qu
36、alities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide. Word Bank A) fashion I) evidence B) announcing J) casually C) introduced
37、K) discomfort D) advantage L) burden E) contributes M) outward F) tremble N) intentional G) blame O) replace H) obvious （分数：10.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.G. 解析：A.B.C.D.E.F. 解析：A.B.C.D. 解析：A.B. C.D.解析：A.B.C.D. E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. 解析：A.B.C.D.E. F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O. 解析：A.B.C.D.E. 解析：A.B.C. D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M. 解析
38、：A. B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K. 解析：A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H. 解析：九、Cloze (15 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：71.00)A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supplyall these were important 【B1】 in helping England to become the center ior the Industrial Revolution. 【B2】 they were not enough. Something
39、【B3】was needed to start the industrial process. That “something special“ was men【B4】 individual who could invent machines, find new 【B5】 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society. The men who 【B6】 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 【B7】 from many backgrounds and many o
40、ccupations. Many of them were 【B8】 inventors than scientists. A man who is a 【B9】 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 【B10】 He is not necessarily working 【B11】 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is 【B12】 trying to make something that h
41、as a concrete 【B13】 He may try to solve a problem by using the theories 【B14】 science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 【B15】 result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 【B16】 other objectives
42、. Most of the people who 【B17】 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had 【B18】 or no training in science might not have made their inventions 【B19】 a ground-work had not been laid by scientists years
43、 【B20】. （分数：71.00）A.casesB.reasonsC.factors D.situations解析：该句意为：一片未受创伤的土地，它的财富、自然资源和劳动力资源，这一切都是促使英国成为工业革命中心的重要因素。factor 意为“因素，要素”；如：His manner is a factor in his success他的举止是他取得成功的一个因素。case 意为“事例；情形；场合；病例；案件”；如：This is a case of stupidity，not dishonesty这只是个愚蠢的例子，并非不诚实。In that case， I would prefer to
44、 stay at home如果那样的话，我宁愿呆在家里。a difficult case 一桩棘手的案子病例。reason for(doing)sth做的理由，动机。situation 意为“形势；状况；事态“。A.But B.AndC.BesidesD.Even解析：联系上下文看，此处应该用 but表示转折关系：以上所说的都是很重要的因素，但这些还不够，意即还有其它的因素促使着英国成为工业革命的中心。A.else B.nearC.extraD.similar解析：紧接上一个句子，还需要别的东西来开始工业革命的进程。else 意为“另外，其他的”；如：What else do you want
45、?你还要什么?I saw nobody else我没有看见其他人。extra 意为“特别的(地)；额外的(地)”；如：Do you have extra time to finish your work?你有额外的时间来完成工作吗?Extra pay for extra work多劳多得。similar 意为“相像的，相似的”。A.generatingB.effectiveC.motivatingD.creative 解析：从 individual所带的定语从句来看，individual 应是“富有创造力的”。creative 意为“创造性的”。generate 意为“发生，产生(热、电)”，
46、如：a generating station 发电厂，发电站。When coal burns，it generates heat煤燃烧时，产生热量。effective 意为“有效的”，如：an effective method有效的方法。motivate 意为“引起动机；激发”，如：Can examinations motivate a student to seek more knowledge?考试能促使学生去追求更多的知识吗?A.originsB.sources C.basesD.discoveries解析：new sources of power 新能源。origin 意为“起源；由来
47、；出生”；如：people of humble origin出生低贱的人。base 意为“基础”，指具体的基础，如：the military base 军事基地。与 base词形相似的 basis指抽象的基础，如：the economic basis 经济基础。discovery 意为“发现”。A.employedB.created C.operatedD.controlled解析：上文指出：促使英国工业革命开始的那个特殊因素就是“creative individual who could inventfindand establish”，因此这一句中应指的是“the men who created the machines”
