1、大学英语四级 55及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about morality. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1.目前存在的社会道德问题 2. 分析产生这些问题的原因 3. 如何提高社会道德水平 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Compreh
2、ensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Hat Dogs and Apple Pie Americas favorite foods Today we tell about some of the foods that Americans like best-Americas favorites. You may have heard that Americans like hot dogs and hamburgers best of all foods. Well, farmers and owners of public eating places might happily agre
3、e. So might the nations Meat Institute and the National Hot Dog version of a hot dog has no meat at all. It often contains tofu, made from soy plants. The hot dog is shaped like a tube. Many people say it looks like a Dachshund dog. It is served between two shaped pieces of bread called a bun. Ameri
4、cans often say they especially like hot dogs cooked over a hot fire in the open air. People at sports events buy plenty of hot dogs. For many people, it is not just the meat that tastes so good. These people enjoy colorful and tasty additions. For example, they include a yellow or yellow-brown thick
5、ened liquid called mustard. They may also put red catsup and pieces of a white or red, strong-smelling vegetable called onion on their hot dogs. Hot dog eaters often add pickle, a salty green vegetable. Some people place barbecue sauce on top of all this. Or they use a spice called horseradish. It g
6、ives the hot dog a pleasant bite. Hot Dogs Story A hot dog is also known as a frankfurter or frank. That is because the city of Frankfurt-am-Main. Germany is often said to be the birthplace of this sausage. But the National Hot Dog and Sausage Council says there are other ideas about where the hot d
7、og began. One version of hot dog history says a butcher, or meat cutter, from the German city of Coburg was responsible. It says he invented the hot dog in the late sixteen hundreds. Vienna, Austria, also claims that it created the food. The council says butchers from several countries probably brou
8、ght common European sausages to America. A street salesman sold hot dogs to people in New York City in the eighteen sixties. And, in eighteen seventy one, a hot dog stand opened at the Coney Island amusement park in New York City. Hamburgers Americans also eat lots of hamburgers. This ground meat co
9、mes from beef. It can be cooked in many ways. Like hot dogs, hamburgers are a favorite picnic food. Many public eating places in the United States say hamburgers are their most popular foods. People often eat them in places that serve quickly prepared, moderately priced food. Like hot dog experts, h
10、amburger historians disagree about how their subject got started. The Egyptians and Romans apparently ate ancient versions of hamburgers. In more modern days, people in Hamburg, Germany, made something like a hamburger from pork and beef. First Modern Hamburger The small town of Seymour, Wisconsin,
11、is among several American towns that claim to have created the first modern hamburger in the United States. In Seymour, a man named Charlie Nagreen tried to sell meatballs at a local fair in eighteen eighty-five. But as people walked around, it was hard for them to handle the round pieces of meat. S
12、o Nagreen flattened the ball of meat. Then he placed this meat patty between two pieces of bread. In two thousand one, people in Seymour cooked a hamburger that weighed more than three thousand kilograms. This creation reportedly fed thirteen thousand people. Like hot dogs, Americans like their hamb
13、urgers with additions. Things like mustard, catsup, horseradish, mayonnaise, barbecue sauce, tomatoes, lettuce, onion and perhaps a pickle. A hamburger with cheese melted on it is called a cheeseburger. Cooks make a “Sloppy Joe“ by combining hamburger meat with tomato sauce. Many people eat the Slop
14、py Joe mixture on a bun. Without a bun, they may get more of the loose meat on them than inside them. For many people, eating both hot dogs and hamburgers does not seem right without potatoes. They eat French fries and potato chips with these meats. French fries are strips, or pieces, of potato cook
15、ed in oil. Potato chips are extremely thin, cooled pieces of potato. They usually are also cooked in oil. Pizza, Spaghetti and others Americans also buy or make large amounts of pizza. A basic pizza contains tomato sauce or cheese, or both, on a bread-like material. Food writer Linda Stradley tells
16、about the history of pizza on her computer Web site, “Whats Cooking America“. Ms Stradley says it could have been the Phoenicians, Greeks or Romans who invented pizza. Or, it could have been anyone who mixed flour with water and cooked it on a hot stone. Italians probably brought pizza to the United
17、 States in the second half of the nineteenth century. In nineteen-oh-five, Gennaro Lombardi reportedly opened the first pizza store in New York City. In the nineteen thirties, he added tables to his pizza place. Lombardi also began serving spaghetti. Spaghetti is a traditional Italian favorite that
18、also has become an American favorite. It is made from flour and water and sometimes eggs. This dough is pulled into lengths and boiled. Any kinds of foods can be added to both pizza and spaghetti to add to their taste. For example, people like these foods with different meats on top. Or they like to
19、ppings of small fish called anchovies, or vegetables called mushrooms. Some people like all the additions at once. Another favorite food, macaroni, is similar to spaghetti. Many Americans remember that their mothers made macaroni cooked with cheese on cold winter days. People sometimes call this dis
20、h “comfort food“, because it makes them feel better. Others praise hot soups prepared in their childhood homes. Some people say chicken soupchicken pieces in liquidcan cure anything. Still others say New England clam chowder helps them think. This soup contains the shellfish clams floating in a milk
21、y liquid. Another version of clam chowder has tomato sauce. It looks red. Chocolate To end a meal, or between meals, Americans often eat chocolate in some form. They eat millions and millions of kilograms of chocolate a year. Chocolate is produced from cocoa beans. It is used in sweet foods like can
22、dy, pies, puddings and cakes. Many people say chocolate makes them feel happier. People have praised chocolate for its taste for many years. Some studies have shown that it can help chase away mild feelings of sadness. But chocolate often has a large amount of fat. However, some experts now say a mo
23、derate amount of chocolate can be healthful. For example, the Cleveland Clinic Heart Center in Ohio notes that chocolate contains substances called antioxidants. Antioxidants are thought to help the body fight damage caused by natural processes and harmful substances in the environment. The Heart Ce
24、nter suggests choosing dark chocolate instead of milk chocolate. And it warns that people should restrict themselves to a moderate amount. Pie Like people in many parts of the world, Americans love pie. These sweet dishes have fruit, nuts or some other filling in a crust. Some people say pies are th
25、e best comfort food ever. That can be debated. Pie can be the most inviting food ever. A red strawberry pie or a yellow Key lime pie can defeat the strongest resolution of people trying to lose weight. But apple pie may be a top American favorite. Over time, this dish has come to be strongly linked
26、to the United States. When someone or something seems especially American, people say it is “as American as apple pie.“ （分数：71.00）(1).All Americans agree that hot dogs and hamburgers are their favorite foods.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).A hot dog is usually made from pork, beef, turkey and tofu.（分数：7.10）A
27、.YB.NC.NG(3).The National Hot Dog and Sausage Council say Germany is the birthplace of the hot dog.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Unlike hot dogs, hamburgers are a favorite picnic food.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).A “Sloppy Joe“ combines cheese and hamburger meat together.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).In the first half
28、of the nineteenth century, Italians probably brought pizza to the United States.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Many Americans remember that their fathers made macaroni cooked with cheese on hot summer days.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Some sweet foods, _, contain chocolate.（分数：7.10）_(9).The Heart Center warn publ
29、ic, _concerning the amount of chocolate consuming.（分数：7.10）_(10).The author_ that “pies are the best comfort food ever“.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.He is modest.B.He is satisfied.C.He is proud.D.He is upset.A.Last year.B.Two years ago.C.Three years ago.D.Early last year.A.He ha
30、s a relative who once lived there.B.He is going to see his aunt there.C.He will visit the city soon.D.He used to have an apartment there.A.An English book.B.A Chinese book.C.A chemistry book.D.A medical book.A.$1.75.B.$2.50.C.$1.50.D.$1.05.A.Its not fine as it is.B.It wont be approved by the supervi
31、sor.C.Major revisions are needed in it.D.Only a few changes should be made in it.A.Catch a cold.B.Hurry to get the train.C.Sit next to the train stop.D.Fix his torn sleeve.A.Around 5:00.B.Around 3:00.C.At2:00.D.At 1:00.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.To help students prepare to enter American Universit
32、ies.B.To teach students how to use English at work.C.To provide work opportunities for graduating students.D.To help students learn to communicate with others in their daily lives.A.Business English.B.US Culture.C.TOEFL.D.Computer.A.May 29th.B.June 29th.C.July 29th.D.August 29th.A.Call the English L
33、anguage Center to apply.B.Fill in the application form on the website.C.Send an email to the English Language Center.D.Visit the English Language Center personally.A.Global warming.B.Humans actions.C.Industry pollution.D.Weather changes.A.Because she has experienced an extremely cold winter.B.Becaus
34、e she has not heard any discussion about it.C.Because she doesnt think things are getting worse.D.Because she knows that man has done a lot about it.A.Peoples unawareness about global warming.B.Flooding in the Indian coast.C.Changes in the global weather system.D.Pollution and deforestation.A.They t
35、hought it was the weapon of the gods.B.They thought it was electricity.C.They thought it was firework of the gods.D.They thought it was a mystery.A.He made the first lightning rod.B.He invented electricity.C.He built the Empire State Building.D.He prevented lightning from hitting cars.A.A swimming p
36、ool.B.A high ground.C.Under a tree.D.A closed car.A.Because Tolly was very brave.B.Because Tolly was often absent.C.Because he was afraid of the expedition.D.Because his parent did not want him to come.A.They had plenty of time to get to the forest.B.They kept their boat in the centre of the river.C
37、.The river carried their boat along quite quickly.D.They had pushed off the bank.A.They found Charles looking very worried.B.They set about gathering wood for a fire.C.They got large handful of sticks.D.They found a fire.A.They would go back to get some.B.They would go to buy some from the nearest s
38、hop.C.They would wait for Tolly.D.They would wait for someone else passing by.A.65.B.35.C.27.D.9.A.All the women tested except those volunteers.B.Those who were generally active.C.Those who had been more active than the average.D.Those who had suffered backaches and other discomforts.A.Zero gravity.
39、B.Pains.C.Food and oxygen.D.Radiation.A.Space Testing Causes Backaches in Women.B.Tests Show Women Suited for Space Travel.C.Old Women, Too, Can Travel in Space.D.Poor Wages for Women Space-test Volunteers.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Maintaining body health is one of the most important tasks in life.
40、 A healthy body (36) 1foods and liquids for growth, development , and (37) 2 against disease. A healthy body also (28 ) 3fresh air, exercise, and rest. Maintaining body health (39) 4effort. You choose the foods you eat. You choose (40) 5you get fresh air and exercise. You choose how much rest you ge
41、t. Nutrition is one of the most important (41) 6of body health. When people do not eat enough food or do not take in certain (42) 7 nutrients, they can suffer from (43) 8. Sometimes disease robs the body of the nutrients in the diet. This condition is called secondary . (44) 9. Three substances whic
42、h may come from foods are carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Carbohydrates provide body fuel. Fats are stored in the body for future energy uses. Proteins are required for growth needs and for defending the body against disease. (45) 10. Mental health is as important as bodily health. Stimulating ac
43、tivities should be part of everyones everyday life. Depression can result in loss of a persons desire to accomplish realistic goals. (46) 11 Social workers and other behavioral scientists can help a person recognize and remove blocks in the way of sound mental health. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
44、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Of all things in the world, I most dislike filling up forms. In fact, I have a positive horror of it. Applying for a driving license, registering for an evening course, booking a holiday abroad everything
45、nowadays seems to involve giving information about ones personal life and habits that has little or nothing to do with the matter in hand. When applying for a job, it may be of some obscure interest to a perspective employer to learn that I collect stamps or had measles as a child. But why should he
46、 conceivably want to know that my father was a tobacconist to live in Foreland and died when he was 82? The authorities that require one to fill up forms frequently demand answers to questions that one would hesitate to put to ones intimate friends. The worst of it is that, when confronted with such
47、 questions, my mind goes blank and I can hardly remember my own date of birth, let alone my nationality. Have I ever suffered from a serious illness? Have I? What do they mean by “serious“? I had my tonsils (扁桃腺) out in hospital when I was eight, and my mother always assured me I was delicate, but my father contended I was born lazy. Do I suffer from any personal defects? Well, I wear contact lenses and my upper teeth are not my own. But perhaps the word “defects“ applies to my character. Am I supposed to admit that I like gambling and find it dif
