1、大学英语四级 43及答案解析(总分：746.57，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.A friend of yours called Xiao Lin gave a party yesterday, which you enjoyed. In this section you are required to write an e mail to Xiao Lin to express your appreciation. You should write no more than 120 words and base you
2、r composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 1. 表示感谢她的邀请； 2. 晚会中你喜欢的活动； 3. 建议下次见面的安排。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Six Secrets of High-Energy People Theres an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. Millions of us get up each morning already
3、weary over the day holds. “I just cant get started,” People say. But its not physical energy that most of us lack. Sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. But in truth, people are healthier today than at any time in history. I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the
4、problem is not with your body. What youre seeking is not physical energy. Its emotional energy. Yet, sad to say, life sometimes seems designed to exhaust our supply. We work too hard. We have family obligations. We encounter emergencies and personal crises. No wonder so many of us suffer from emotio
5、nal fatigue, a kind of utter exhaustion of the spirit. And yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. Even as a child, I observed people who were poor, or disabled, or ill, but who nonetheless faced life with optimism and vigor. Consider Laur
6、a Hillenbrand, who, despite an extremely weak body, wrote the best-seller Seabiscuit. Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of be to write. But she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. It was emotional energy that helped her succeed. Unlike physical energy, w
7、hich is finite and diminishes with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. So how do you get it? You cant simply tell yourself to be positive. You must take action. Here are six practical strategies that work. 1.Do something new. Very little thats new occur
8、s in our lives. The impact of this sameness on our emotional energy is gradual, but huge: Its like a tire with a slow leak. You dont notice it at first, but eventually youll get a flat. Its up to you to plug the leak even though there are always a dozen reasons to stay stuck in your dull routines of
9、 life. Thats where Maura, 36, a waitress, found herself a year ago. Fortunately, Maura had a lifeline a group of women friends who meet regularly to discuss their lives. Their lively discussions spurred Maura to make small but nevertheless life-altering changes. She joined a gym in the next town. Sh
10、e changed her look with a short haircut and new black T-shirts. Eventually, Maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business. Heres a challenge: If its something you wouldnt ordinarily do, do it. Try a dish youve never eaten. Listen to music youd ordinarily tune out. Youll disco
11、ver these small things add to your emotional energy. 2.Reclaim lifes meaning. So many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, but that somewhere along the line things went stale. The first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and th
12、en do something about it. A case in point is Ivy, 57, a pioneer in investment banking. “I mistakenly believed that all the money I made would mean something.“ she says. “But I feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life.“ Ivys solution? She started a program that shows Wall Stre
13、eters how to donate time and money to poor children. In the process, Ivy filled her life with meaning. 3.Put yourself in the fun zone. Most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived. High-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in e
14、very situation. A real-estate broker I know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients. “I love imagining what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care,“ she says. “Its a challenge and the least desirable properties a
15、re usually the most fun.“ We all define fun differently, of course, but I can guarantee this: If you put just a bit of it into your day, you energy will increase quickly. 4.Bid farewell to guilt and regret. Everyones past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. But from an emotional energy poi
16、nt of view, they are dead weights that keep us from moving forward. While they cant merely be willed away, I do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened is in the past, and nothing can change that. Holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present. 5.Make up yo
17、ur mind. Say youve been thinking about cutting your hair short. Will it look stylish or too extreme? You endlessly think it over. Having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. Every time you cant decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. Quit thinking that you have to make
18、the right decision; instead, make a choice and dont look back. 6.Give to get. Emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. This is the difference between emotional and physical energy. With the latter, you have to get it to be able to give it. With the fo
19、rmer, however, you get it by giving it. Start by asking everyone you meet, “How are you?” as if you really want to know, then listen to the reply. Be the one who hears. Most of us also need to smile more often. If you dont smile at the person you love first thing in the morning, youre sucking energy
20、 out of your relationship. Finally, help another person and make the help real, concrete. Give a massage (按摩) to someone you love, or cook her dinner, Then, expand the circle to work. Try asking yourself what youd do if your goal were to be helpful rather than efficient. After all, if its true that
21、what goes around comes around, why not make sure that whats circulating around you is the good stuff? （分数：71.00）(1).The energy crisis in America discussed here mainly refers to a shortage of fossil fuels.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).People these days tend to lack physical energy.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Lau
22、ra Hillenbrand is an example cited to show how emotional energy can contribute to ones success in life.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).The author believes emotional energy is inherited and genetically determined.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Even small changes people make in their lives can help increase their emot
23、ional energy.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Ivy filled her life with meaning by launching a program to help poor children.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).The real-estate broker the author knows is talented in home redecoration.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).People holding on to sad memories of the past will find it difficul
24、t to 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).When it comes to decision-making, one should make a quick choice without 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).Emotional energy is in a way different from physical energy in that the more you give, 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.The man tends to repeat himself
25、a lot.B.The room was fixed at the mans request.C.She also finds it easier to work there now.D.The man talks about working instead of doing it.A.Bill doesnt take good care of knives.B.This matter doesnt concern Bill.C.He wants to find a better tool.D.He wants Bill to fix the knife.A.Theres going to b
26、e a wedding.B.The people should learn that dance better.C.Big dances are the most fun.D.They need to print more invitations.A.He will no longer ask for their help.B.He will regret not accepting their help.C.He still needs their help.D.He has to manage without their help.A.She is not feeling very wel
27、l.B.She is very ill.C.She is annoyed with the doctor.D.She is badly hurt.A.Things to wear.B.The warm weather.C.Best material for making clothes.D.A bright shirt.A.Two weeks form now.B.In about two days.C.He hasnt decided yet.D.In four weeks.A.Hes surprised she chose that agency.B.He wonders why shes
28、 kept her job.C.He doesnt know when her classes started.D.He doubts she makes much money now.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.A sick friend.B.A math class.C.School policy.D.The mans test.A.Because it is against the law.B.Because the man is not a member of Terrys family.C.Because the woman cannot find th
29、e test.D.Because Terry was too sick to take the test.A.Young.B.Purcell.C.Raleigh.D.Kelly.A.Call his friend.B.Go to the office to get his test.C.Send the woman a letter.D.Take the test later.A.The Defence Minister.B.The Energy Minister.C.The Prime Minister.D.The Science Minister.A.To complete the gov
30、ernments energy plans within two decades.B.To discuss the plans with the Opposition.C.To talk with anti - nuclear and environmentalist groups.D.To build more nuclear power stations.A.Nuclear power stations are not safe.B.Its too expensive to utilize nuclear power.C.The country has already a sufficie
31、nt supply of electricity.D.Other sources of energy are more readily available.A.A small town in Britain.B.A labor camp.C.A new type of jail.D.A big gymnasium in Scotland.A.Women criminals in Scotland.B.Criminals who are given long sentences.C.Criminals who are given short sentences.D.Criminals in Sc
32、otland.A.The reward the prisoners get for their work.B.The comfortable accommodation.C.The way the prisoners are treated.D.The officers sympathy for the prisoners.A.To give the prisoners more freedom.B.To help the prisoners keep their self-respect.C.To help the prisoners develop the sense of indepen
33、dence.D.To turn the prisoners into skilled workers.A.Synthetic fuel.B.Solar energy.C.Alcohol.D.Electricity.A.Air traffic conditions.B.Traffic jams on highways.C.Road conditions.D.New traffic rules.A.Go through a health check.B.Carry little luggage.C.Arrive early for boarding.D.Undergo security check
34、s.A.They strongly believe in family rules.B.They are very likely to succeed in life.C.They tend to take responsibility for themselvesD.They are in the habit of obeying their parents.A.They grow up to be funny and charming.B.They often have a poor sense of direction.C.They get less attention from the
35、ir parents.D.They tend to be smart and strong-willed.A.They usually dont follow family rules.B.They dont like to take chances in their lives.C.They are less likely to be successful in life.D.They tend to believe in their parents ideas.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)According to the ary theory of sleep,
36、(36) 1 us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking. The theory does not (37) 2 that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that (38) 3 has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be (39) 4 and possibly dangerous. However, sleep s us on
37、ly from the sort of (40) 5 we might walk into; it does not (41) 6 us from that comes looking for us. So we sleep well in a (42) 7, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will (43) 8 into the tent. (44) 9. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so l
38、ittle? (45) 10. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1
39、:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)To most Africans, tribalism simply means very strong loyalty to ones ethnic group. It is a force that can be both good and bad. By definition tribalism means sharing among members of the ex
40、tended family. It makes sure that a person is taken care of by his own group. To give a job to a fellow tribesman is not wrong; it is an obligation. Similarly ,for a politician or military leader it is considered good common sense to choose his closest adviser from people of his own tribe. This ensu
41、res security, continuity, authority. Tribal loyalty may mean a quick promotion-from sergeant to captain, from clerk to manager-within a very short time. Modern African politicians publicly speak out against tribal divisions. Yet it remains perhaps the most powerful force in day-to-day African life.
42、As evidence of tribalism, in 1977 in Kenya, president Jomo Kenyattas tribe controlled business and politics. Eight of the 21 cabinet posts, including the most important four were filled. by Kikuyus. In Uganda in the same year, the president s small Kakwa tribe filled almost all the highest governmen
43、t and military positions! In Agola, Ethiopia, and Nigeria, the fighting in the past ten years can be partly explained by disagreements among tribes. （分数：177.50）(1).What is the definition of tribalism?（分数：35.50）A.Sharing among members of the extended family.B.Giving a job to a fellow tribesman.C.A fo
44、rce that can be both good and bad.D.People have the same religious belief.(2).One example of bow a tribe takes care of its own people is_.（分数：35.50）A.a force that can be both good and badB.very strong loyalty to ones ethnic groupC.tribal loyalty may mean a quick promotionD.it is important to be loya
45、l to one s own tribal group(3).In paragraph 2,“thc most important four“ refers to_.（分数：35.50）A.military positionB.businessC.cabinet postsD.Kikuyus(4).How many examples are there “as evidence of tribalism“?（分数：35.50）A.Four.B.Two.C.One.D.Three.(5).According to the passage, which of the following state
46、ments is wrong?（分数：35.50）A.Modern African politicians approve of tribal divisions.B.A person is usually taken care of by his own tribe.C.Africans consider it an obligation to give a job to a fellow tribesman.D.Tribalism is still a powerful force in day - to - day African life.If you want to teach yo
47、ur children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky. If you say to your children “Im sorry I got angry with you, but ” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your nois
48、e was giving me a headache” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology. Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “Im sorry youre upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done. Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids
