1、大学英语四级 284及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: How to Help New Students with Their Problems? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below: 假设你是一位新入校的学生，你认为学校应
2、该如何帮助新生处理他们会面临的问题。请绐出你的建议。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)What Dictionaries Are For One of the chief supports of any language researcher is the dictionary. Many students understand this and, as a result, buy themselves bilingual dictionaries or electronic translators because they h
3、ope that they will find an instantly usable translation of a word they know in their language. Many bilingual dictionaries fail to give sufficient information about grammatical context, appropriacy, and connotation. This does not mean that all bilingual dictionaries are bad or that students should n
4、ever use them. There are some excellent examples available now and whether we like it or not, students will always use them, especially at lower levels. Monolingual dictionary (MLD) What we can do is show them something different which is just as good and in many ways better: the monolingual diction
5、ary (MLD). MLDs, whether in book form, on CD or available on the Internet, are those written in only one language (in this case English). Although most general dictionaries are, of course, monolingual in this sense, the acronym (缩写词) tends to be used to describe dictionaries written especially for l
6、anguage learners, and that is the sense in which we use here. Current examples include the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, the Cambridge International Dictionary of English, the Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, and the COBUILD Dictionary. In them users will find information such as t
7、he different meanings that words have, how they are pronounced, what other words they collocate with, and when they can be used. They also give examples of the words in phrases and sentences so that students get a very good idea of how they themselves can use this word. One of the more important fea
8、tures of many of the current generation of MLDs is that their definitions are written in a language which is itself simplified, thus avoiding the possibility that the definition is more difficult to understand than the words itself: it makes a lot more sense to say that a dog is very common animal t
9、hat people keep as a pet or to guard a building (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English) than that it is canine quadruped! Students as beginner level will usually find MLDs too difficult to use because the language in the definitions will be way above their heads however careful the lexicographe
10、rs (词典编撰者) have been. Such people may well rely on their bilingual dictionary. But from somewhere around the intermediate level, students will find the information that MLDs contain invaluable, as we shall see in the following examples in this section. Reference Dictionaries Reference dictionariesth
11、e kind that we most frequently useneed to be distinguished from production dictionaries, a type of dictionary which has emerged comparatively recently. A reference dictionary is one where a student looks up a word to see what meanings it has, how it is used, and they way it is spelt and pronounced.
12、Dictionaries are generally used when students have already come across a word and then look it up to check that they know how to use it. Sometimes they will find a word in their bilingual dictionaries and then check with the MLD to see if they have understood correctly. Production Dictionaries Produ
13、ction dictionaries, on the other hand, are designed for students to use the other way round, starting with a meaning they wish to express and in order to look for the word that expresses it. Suppose, for example, that they wish to express the idea of someone secretly listening to someone else while
14、standing near him, perhaps on other side of a door. A native speaker would immediately choose the word eavesdrop to describe the situation. The foreign student might find this in a bilingual dictionary, but would have more trouble with a reference MID since, not knowing the word in the first place,
15、he or she would not, of course, be able to look it up. In a production dictionary, students look for a general word that they already know, and which is a bit like the concept they wish to be able to express in English. In the case of eavesdrop, for example, that word might be listen. Training stude
16、nts to use dictionary If we want students to use dictionaries, it will probably not be sufficient just to recommend a dictionary and tell them how useful it is. Even though huge improvements have been made in dictionary design over the last few years, and even though there are now a number of Intern
17、et, CD-ROMS, and DVD-based dictionariesstill the wealth of information can be extremely confusing to some users. Indeed the frequently dense design of some dictionaries may be enough to put them off altogether. In order to avoid this problem, many teachers and materials designers put dictionary trai
18、ning into lesson sequences, so that students will see how to use them and what the benefits of such use are. Thus we can make sure, for example, that students recognize the metaphorical (比喻性的)meanings that are given, and that they identify typical lexical phrases which the word they are looking for
19、occurs in and which good dictionaries list clearly. （分数：71.00）(1).All bilingual dictionaries are bad and students should never use them.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).A monolingual dictionary is more helpful for to students to understand the use of words than a bilingual dictionary.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Th
20、e author thinks that word dog should be bettered defined as canine quadruped.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English is monolingual reference dictionary.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).A production dictionary is bilingual.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).The disadvantage of the high density o
21、f dictionary is that students may easily be bored.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).It should be made a rule that teachers put dictionary training into lesson sequence.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Students may use bilingual dictionaries, especially when they are at 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).The acronym for monolingual d
22、ictionary is 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).To find a word to express the meaning of eavesdrop in a production dictionary, an English learner will have to look for the word 1 first.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Their holiday is quite good.B.They enjoyed the rain in their holiday.C.
23、His son had to be sent to hospital.D.His son was fine.A.Its not easy to recommend her a university.B.A large good university is good in every field.C.Some universities have their own special fields.D.Its not good to go to only one university.A.At an office.B.In a university.C.In a supermarketD.In a
24、restaurantA.She is a very active girl.B.She is very sociable.C.She is very kind.D.Both A and B.A.Its not a good place.B.Its as good as usual.C.She doesnt want a dinner.D.She likes the cafeteria.A.The man is always absent in Mrs. Lees class.B.The woman likes sleeping in the class.C.Neither of them li
25、kes Mrs. Lees class.D.They find Mrs. Lee interesting.A.Their team is better.B.The teams fans are more excited.C.They will shout louder.D.They will beat the fans of the other team.A.Jim will go back home.B.Jim has to find a job in his home town.C.Jims father is an owner of a supermarket.D.Jim will he
26、lp his father.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Doctor and patient.B.Professor and student.C.Receptionist and guest.D.Boss and worker.A.No-smoking, double bed and quiet.B.No-smoking, single bed and quiet.C.Smoking, single bed and quiet.D.Smoking, double bed and quiet.A.Because he is the friend of the man
27、ager in that hotel.B.Because he is the local officer.C.Because he is a local resident.D.Because he has just lost his job.A.70 dollars.B.49 dollars.C.21 dollars.D.12 dollars.A.Children Literature.B.American Literature.C.Medicine.D.Elementary Education.A.They find these stories interesting.B.They can
28、learn how to write such stories.C.These stories are written by a famous doctor.D.The stories are on their reading list.A.They are the same person.B.One is a doctor and the other is a writer.C.Both of them are teachers.D.They are from different departments.A.It is a book written only for classroom re
29、ading.B.It is a book on education.C.It has a vocabulary of only two hundred words.D.It was written by a child.A.The color of the dog.B.The price of the dog.C.Whether the dog will fit the environment.D.Whether the dog will get along with the other pets in the house.A.It must be trained so it wont bit
30、e.B.It demands more food and space.C.It needs more love and care.D.It must be looked after carefully.A.They are less likely to run away.B.Its easier for their masters to train them.C.They are less likely to be shy with human beings.D.Its easier for them to form a relationship with their masters.A.Fo
31、r sightseeing.B.For business.C.To visit a friend.D.Not given.A.He liked sitting in the front of the plane.B.He liked sitting in the back of the plane.C.He liked sitting beside a window of the plane.D.He liked sitting near the door.A.It said the seat was preserved for proper load balance.B.It said th
32、e seat was preserved for senior citizens.C.It said the seat was stained and shouldnt be taken.D.It said the seat needed repair.A.Mr. Robinson.B.A beautiful girl.C.The soldier.D.An old manA.European expeditions in the 1700s.B.The growth of Los Angeles.C.Famous sites in Los Angeles.D.The entertainment
33、 industry.A.The oceans and the gold rush.B.Tourism and the entertainment industry.C.The railroads and the discovery of oil.D.Sea trade and the airplane industry.A.300 years.B.50 years.C.200 years.D.100 years.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The “1992 Consensus“, on the “one-China“ principle and its respec
34、tive (36) 1 wording of both sides, was (37) 2in a meeting in November 1992 held in Hong Kong by the Association for Relations Across Taiwan Straits (ARATS) of the mainland, (38) 3by Wang Daohan, and the Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF) of Taiwan, led by Gu Zhenfu. The consensus is that “both sides
35、of the (Taiwan) Straits (39) 4to the one-China principle“ and orally explain the principle (40) 5. As (41) 6in trade, economy and other fields across the Taiwan Straits have kept increasing since late 1987, the Taiwan (42) 7adjusted its policy of “no contact, no (43) 8and no negotiation“ and set up
36、SEF to contact and negotiate with Chinas mainland over problems that occur. (44) 9 At the start of negotiations about affairs concerning both sides of the Taiwan Straits, (45) 10, though the political content may not be discussed as long as the “one-China“ stand is advocated, and the ways to express
37、 “one-China“ could be fully discussed. A Summary of the Wang-Gu Talks published by the SEF in August 1993 stated that the consensus by ARATS and SEF was quite clear: (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00
38、)One of the surviving traditions in historic Stone Town is the coffee baraza. Baraza means “gathering of people“ , and here refers specifically to small crowds of people who gather over a cup of kahawa for the latest gossip. Historically the elders, or “wazee“ , would congregate in the centre while
39、the young would line the fringes. Age denoted respect. Today, the baraza atmosphere is less formal, and reflects the local flavour or atmosphere. Some barazas are located in places with colourful names, such as “ Kwa Haji Tumbo“ (Haji with the Big Stomachs Place) , “Kwa Boko“ (Place of the Hippo) ,
40、“Mfereji Maringo“ (Place of the Clogged Water Tap) , or “Shangani“ (Place of the Beads). An integrated part of cultural and religious traditions, the baraza also has a social monitoring function. Children, although often sent to buy coffee for parents or grandparents, are denied drinking it. “ It is
41、 bad for you,“ the wazee might say. Having bought the coffee, with a bit of luck the young boys and girls were never allowed to buy coffee at the barazahave been able to snatch the salient parts of the latest gossip as well. During the fasting and “spiritual cleansing month of Ramadan, Muslims very
42、often break their fast after sunset to a free first serving of baraza coffee. Following evening prayer, everybody returns for second or third rounds of coffee. Zanzibari coffee is made from locally grown beans, and served plain and strong, in small cups similar to jasmine teacups from Chinese restau
43、rants. Although not quite as hair-raising as espresso, it beats filter coffee by a long shot for both flavour and texture. The baraza is the first place where people meet after prayer, weddings, births, funerals, or other important events. In the old days, a “muuza kahawa,“ or coffee vendor, would “
44、patrol“ the streets on foot. He carried cups and coffee beans in large pockets on his robe, and a classic brass coffee pot in his hand. In ways almost reminiscent of European ice-cream vans, the muuza-kahawa would rattle his coffee cups in a certain rhythm, and sing a slogan that would be specific t
45、o him alone. People would quickly recognise the sound, and make their way to their usual spot. Although the muuza kahawa is gone today, the baraza remains the focal point for local happenings and gossip. It is where the grapevine starts or ends, and where potent Arabica coffee can be enjoyed by anyo
46、ne passing by, for a few shillings. For visitors to the island, the baraza offers an excellent opportunity to have a relaxed chat with locals. Many of the wazee have rich experiences to draw on, and can furnish you with unique and compelling stories of Zanzibar back in the days. They often speak ver
47、y good English, sometimes even other languages as well. （分数：177.50）(1).In historic Stone Town, “wazee“ _.（分数：35.50）A.are supposed to have rich experiences and lots of stories of local historyB.can speak good English and Chinese besides the local languageC.used to be the centre of the latest gossipD.
48、usually send their boys and girls to buy coffee at the baraza(2).According to the passage, Muslims in Ramadan _.（分数：35.50）A.always move very fastB.would pray in the evening before they would have a serving of coffeeC.will not move quickly after sunsetD.will conduct a series of cleaning for at least one month(3).The word “shot“ (Para 5) is most closely related to the word(s) _.（分数：35.50）A.firing of a weaponB.certain distanceC.rangeD.time(4).Which of the following statements about “muuza kahawa“ is not t
