1、大学英语四级 283及答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about morality. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1.目前存在的社会道德问题 2. 分析产生这些问题的原因 3. 如何提高社会道德水平 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Compre
2、hensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Oscar award The Academy Awards Oscar presentation for excellence in the film industry has a long and rich history. In 1927, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) was formed by 36 of the film industrys most prominent individuals, choosing film actor Douglas Fai
3、rbanks, Sr. as its first president. In 1929, AMPAS presented the first Academy Award. This award was for recognition of excellence in the motion picture industry. This award has remained the ultimate industry standard of recognition. Voting members of AMPAS represent fourteen branches of the film in
4、dustry to determine who receives the coveted (垂涎) awards. The Oscar voting process begins in November of each year. Movie studios, publicists and film distributors begin their attempts to coax the voting members of AMPAS to view their film offerings. These attempts are regulated in the interest of f
5、airness. The following January, the Academy Awards ballots are distributed to voting members, who have one month to make their nominations and return these nominations to the offices of PricewaterhouseCoopers, formerly Price Waterhouse, a professional service used to tabulate the votes. Pricewaterho
6、useCoopers guarantees the security of the balloting. Only two people employed by PricewaterhouseCoopers know the results of award balloting before the ceremonies. The nominations for the award are made by members of the craft (行业) categories for each of the rewards. In the Best Picture category, how
7、ever, all voting members are allowed to submit nominations. In February, PricewaterhouseCoopers announces the result of the nominations. Voting members then receive ballots to cast their votes to select winners in each category. They are then returned to the tabulating service. Although many of the
8、fourteen Oscar categories have been broadened or changed since 1927, the awards still fall within the main branches of the Academy. This includes actors, producers, directors, writers and technicians. Even the names of some of the awards have changed. For example, the Best Picture award was known as
9、 the Best Production award prior to 1933. In that year, two Best Picture awards were given. One, to “Wings“ for the Best Production and another to “Sunrise“ for the Best Unique and Artistic Picture. After that years awards the latter category was dropped. Until 1939, the award was called the “Academ
10、y Award of Merit“ and was not a statuette but a plaque. The first Oscar statuette was awarded to actor Emil Jannings, who was named Best Actor for his role in “The Last Command“ and “The Way of All Things“. How the awards statuette came to be known as “Oscar“ is not known but it is generally accepte
11、d that Katherine Herrion, a future Academy Executive Director, remarked upon seeing the statue that it reminded her of her uncle Oscar and began referring to it by that name. Academy staff followed her lead and the name Oscar has been used ever since. The Oscar itself is a statuette, made by the R.S
12、. Owens Company of Chicago. It is approximately 13.5 inches high and weighs 8. 5 pounds. It is made from a copper, silver and nickel alloy and covered with 25-Carat gold. During World War II, the statues were made of plaster. Recipients turned in these plaster statues after the war for golden Oscars
13、. In the 1930s juvenile recipients of the award were given miniature versions and there is one instance where a wooden Oscar was awarded to ventriloquist Edgar Bergen. Walt Disney received seven miniature Oscar statuettes for the film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the first all-animated feature f
14、ilm. The statue was designed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer art director Cedric Gibbon and sculptor George Stanley. The Oscar depicts a knight holding a sword, standing atop a reel of film. The film reel has five spokes, representing the five original branches of AMPAS. 1949 marked the first year that the O
15、scar statuettes were numbered, beginning with number 501. In a surprising turn of events, 55 Oscars vanished before the awards program in March, 2000. Later 52 of the statues were found in a Los Angeles dumpster. The first awards presentations were actually large banquet-type dinners. Anyone who wis
16、hed to attend could simply purchase a ticket. These affairs were first held in the larger hotels such as the Ambassador and the Biltmore in Los Angeles. As public interest and crowds increased, the affairs were moved to larger theaters, where the ever-growing crowds could be accommodated. While awar
17、ds programs are now watched by millions on television, the first awards were broadcast live through radio. The first televised ceremonies took place in 1953, at the 25th annual presentation. The Academy Awards have been held annually without fail except on three occasions. In 1938, Los Angeles flood
18、s delayed the event for one week. Thirty years later, in 1968, the program was delayed two days so as not to coincide with the funeral of Martin Luther King. The last postponement to date was in 1981 when the attempted assassination of US President Ronald Reagan took place, when the awards were dela
19、yed for 24 hours. The suspense that is now an accepted part of the Oscar ceremony did not always exist. The results of the Oscar poll was released to the press in advance of the awards ceremony and could be found in the late edition newspapers on the night of the awards. The tradition of revealing t
20、he results on camera at the awards was not adopted until 1941. As well as the suspense involving the winners, the Oscar awards programs have had their share of unexpected excitement. In 1973, a nude streaker (裸奔者) ran across the stage of the televised proceedings. In 1972, in a surprise move, winner
21、 Marlon Brando sent an actress who identified herself as Sacheen Littlefeather to read a political statement and refuse his award. The awards also broke some barriers. Actress Hattie Mcdaniel received the first Oscar awarded to a Black actor in any category for her supporting role in Gone with the W
22、ind, a movie which received a record-breaking 13 nominations and 8 wins. The Academy Awards continues to evoke the same excitement and intensity that it had at the beginning. （分数：71.00）(1).This passage gives a general description of the Oscar award history.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).In 1927, AMPAS prese
23、nted the first Academy Award.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The Oscar voting process begins in December of each year.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).No one knows the results of award balloting before the ceremonies.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).The nominations for the award are made by members of the craft categories for e
24、ach of the rewards.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Oscar used to be a famous actor.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).During World War II, the statues were made of plaster.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The first awards presentations were actually large_.（分数：7.10）_(9).The first televised ceremonies took place in 1953, at the_.（
25、分数：7.10）_(10).As well as the suspense involving the winners, the Oscar awards programs have had their share of_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.To the bank.B.To a book store.C.To a shoe store.D.To the grocers.A.By bus.B.By bike.C.By taxi.D.On foot.A.He doesnt know much about acting
26、.B.He didnt think they were actors.C.Acting is a very difficult profession.D.The acting seemed professional to him.A.Stay out of the garden.B.Protect himself from the sun.C.Buy another hat.D.Get some new gardening tools.A.A big travel agency.B.A job opportunity.C.An inexperienced salesman.D.A positi
27、on as general manager.A.Its going to attract a lot of students.B.Its going to be a lot of fun.C.Its going to require a lot of reading.D.Its going to work out quite well.A.He is often late for meals.B.He is expecting a letter from abroad.C.He wrote to his family last month.D.He is anxious to go back
28、home.A.Georges brother.B.Georges wife.C.Georges father.D.Georges wifes father.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.She was impressed by it.B.It was a waste of money.C.She was amazed it had opened so soon.D.She didnt like it as much as the other wings.A.He took a tour of the city.B.He read about it.C.He wrot
29、e an article about it.D.He worked there as a guide.A.They came from the original wing.B.Theyre made of the same material.C.Theyre similar in shape.D.They were designed by the same person.A.It was made of aluminum.B.It wasnt large enough.C.It wouldnt move in the wind.D.It was too heavy to put up. Que
30、stions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A.They were worn out.B.They were dirty.C.They were of a dull colour.D.They were out of style.A.They were too casual.B.They were too dressy.C.They were uncomfortable.D.They were not charming enough.A.None.B.One.C.Two.D.Three.A.About 4,
31、000.B.Over 300.C.Less than 2,000.D.Over 3,000.A.English.B.Japanese.C.Spanish.D.Greek.A.Central Africa.B.South Asia.C.North America.D.South America.A.To regain their memory.B.To show off their wealth.C.To feel good.D.To be different from others.A.To play games with them.B.To send them to the hospital
32、.C.To make them aware of its harmfulness.D.To help solve their psychological problem.A.They are fond of round-the-world trips.B.They are likely to commit crimes.C.They are mostly from broken families.D.They need care and affection.A.The art of saying thank you.B.The secret of staying pretty.C.The im
33、portance of good manners.D.The difference between elegance and good manners.A.They were nicer and gentler.B.They paid more attention to their appearance.C.They were willing to spend more money on clothes.D.They were more aware of changes in fashion.A.By decorating our homes.B.By being kind and gener
34、ous.C.By wearing fashionable clothes.D.By putting on a little make-up.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The potential of closed circuit television and other new (36) 1teaching tools is so great that it is (37) 2to visualize “the school of tomorrow.“ Televised lessons will (38) 3from a central building havi
35、ng perhaps four or five master (39) 4. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an (40) 5country. After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the all important “follow up“ period. The students will ask any (41) 6questions, and difficu
36、lt points will be cleared up through discussion. The teacher in the classroom will have (42) 7teaching tools. On the teachers desk, the traditional bright red apple will have been (43) 8by a multiple control panel and magnetic tape players. (44) 9. The lessons will be specifically changed to the stu
37、dents levels of ability. For instance, while the class as a whole studies history, (45) 10. In the “school of tomorrow,“ (46) 11. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct three classes at the same time. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、
38、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, “The business of America is business.“ By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world. Few would argue with Fords statement. A brief glimpse at a daily
39、newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can
40、appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts
41、 and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry“ or “show business.“ The positive side of Henry Fords statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U. S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the U
42、nited States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance (大题) because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life. The negative side of Henry Fords statement, however, can be s
43、een when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business - referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form unions. Today, ma
44、ny of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing - the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high - creates feelings of insecurity for many. （分数：177.50）(1).The United States is a typical country_.（分数：35.50）A.which encourages fr
45、ee trade at home and abroadB.where peoples chief concern is how to make moneyC.where all businesses are managed scientificallyD.which normally works according to the federal budget(2).The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced by the fact that_.（分数：35.50）A.most newspapers are run by big busi
46、nessesB.even public organizations concentrate on working for profitsC.Americans of all professions know how to do businessD.even arts and entertainment are regarded as business(3).According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U. S. , dreaming that_.（分数：35.50）A.they can start profitabl
47、e businesses thereB.they can be more competitive in businessC.they will make a fortune overnight thereD.they will find better chances of employment(4).Henry Fords statement can be taken negatively because_.（分数：35.50）A.working people are discouraged to fight for their rightsB.there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalistsC.there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and laborD.public services are not run by the federal government(5).A companys efforts to keep expenses low
