1、大学英语四级 270 及答案解析(总分：746.57，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic Is Job-hopping Preferable? according to the following outline ( given in English ). Your composition should be no less than 120 words. Remember to write
2、your composition on the Answer Sheet 1 clearly and neatly. 1. Some people tend to stick to one job in their lives. 2. Other people prefer changing jobs constantly. 3. My opinion. （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Wind Energy Wind energy development has been thriving both in the United
3、 States and around the world. This reflects not only the declining cost of the resource and the improved performance of wind power plants, but also a growing awareness among utilities and other potential customers that this renewable energy technology offers many benefits for the economy and the env
4、ironment. -Wind energy can help create new business and jobs, keep energy dollars circulating in local economies and reduce reliance on imported energy. -Wind energy can help protect utilities and ratepayers from risks associated with changing fuel prices, new environmental regulations, uncertain lo
5、ad growth and other unpredictable costs. -Wind energy can reduce a utilitys pollutant emissions, helping power companies meet environmental regulations and satisfy their customers desire for clean power sources. In the past, these benefits were not enough to outweigh the significant costs and techno
6、logical uncertainties associated with wind energy; now that the technology has proven reliable and competitive, however, they are beginning to carry more weight. The greatest challenge for the future is to ensure that the benefits of wind energy continue to receive attention as the utility industry
7、moves toward increased competition in the generation and marketing of power. How does wind energy contribute to the economy? Electricity is an essential ingredient of our modern way of life: it runs our computers, appliances, factories and businesses. Without low-cost power, our standard of living w
8、ould suffer. But electricity generation is also a major source of pollution and toxic wastes. Wind energy offers a way to meet the needs of both the economy and the environment by providing a source of clean, competitively priced power. Wind energy helps our economy in important ways. For communitie
9、s and states in which wind power facilities are located, wind power plants create jobs, generate income and support economic development. Several studies have established that wind energy produces more Jobs per dollar invested or per kilowatt-hour generated than most conventional resource. A New Yor
10、k study, for example, found that producing 10 million kilowatt-hours of electricity from wind energy generates 27 percent more jobs in the state than producing the same amount of energy from an advanced coal plant and 66 percent more jobs than from a natural gas combined-cycle power plant. One reaso
11、n is that much of the expense for fossil-fuel plants is incurred from buying fuel, which supports fewer jobs than other industry sectors, especially when the fuel is imported from other states or countries. Wind power plants also pay substantial property taxes and land rents. A typical rent payment
12、is a small percentage of a plants revenues, implying that a wind plant located in an agricultural area can boost cropland rents and prices by as much as 50 percent to 100 percent. For the most part, farming operations can continue unaffected. States and communities with the foresight to invest in wi
13、nd energy can reap another benefit by fostering a home-grown wind industry that can export power to other regions. The market for wind power worldwide is growing rapidly. New companies that capture this market will develop in areas where substantial wind development already is occurring. Until the l
14、ate 1980s, this was mainly California; recently, however, the United States has ceded (转让) its early lead in wind development to European competitors. Prudent investments in the domestic wind market can help reverse this trend. What are the advantages of wind power plants? Most consumers like to avo
15、id risk: The chance that something they need, no matter how inexpensive today, will become much more costly tomorrow. Fixed-rate mortgages owe much of their popularity to this characteristic. While other loan packages may be less expensive in the short-term, many homeowners like the comfort of knowi
16、ng that their monthly mortgage bill will never increase. Like a fixed rate mortgage, investing in wind energy offers an effective strategy for managing risk, a way of buying an insurance policy against the ups and downs of the power market. It is especially effective against three kinds of risk: env
17、ironmental regulation, fuel price volatility and load-growth uncertainty. The typical wind power plant takes less than a year to build, once the site is selected and licenses and permits approved. By contrast, conventional large power plants may take three to four years to build with the result that
18、 if loads do not increase as expected, a utility may be left with a substantial excess cost. Another advantage of wind power plants is that they can be built in phases timed according to need. Finally, interest costs are lower during the construction of wind projects. Does wind energy produce pollut
19、ion? Opinion polls rank wind as one of the most popular energy resources, far ahead of fossil fuels and nuclear power. The reason is simple: it produces no pollution or hazardous wastes. This is a very real benefit, for pollution can have a serious effect on our health, the economy and our sense of
20、well being. Air pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulates and volatile organic compounds have been shown to reduce lifespans and increase the incidence of debilitating illnesses, especially among the elderly and those with respiratory impairments. Some pollutants, such as sul
21、fur dioxide and ozone, damage wildlife and plants and even reduce crop yields. Finally, greenhouse gases (which are emitted primarily by fossil-fuel combustion) are implicated in global warming, which may cause major changes in climate during the next several decades. Wind powers popularity with the
22、 public can be a competitive advantage for power companies that invest in this technology. Municipal utilities, large industrial consumers, and perhaps even residential consumers in some locations soon may be able to express a preference for clean power by their choice of electricity supplier. Utili
23、ty-sponsored market surveys show that a significant number of consumers are willing to spend more on their monthly utility bills to purchase power from renewable sources. Companies that want to attract and keep such customers should give careful attention to wind power. Whether utilities continue to
24、 be tightly regulated or the industry moves into a more competitive phase, the significant benefits of wind energy should play an increasingly important role in deciding what kinds of new power plants will be built. In the traditional regulated utility setting, regulators could simply require utilit
25、ies to consider benefits such as lower pollution, reduced risks and job creation in their resource planning. As competition in the power industry increases, new mechanisms must come into play. On the one hand, the wind industry must aggressively market the benefits of wind power to potential custome
26、rs. At the same time, state policymakers must take steps to ensure that the move to competition does not jeopardize (使冒危险) the public interest. So long as regulations and the market value environmental protection, long-term price stability, economic development and other benefits, wind power will re
27、ceive the attention it deserves. （分数：71.00）(1).This passage gives a general description of the benefits of wind energy.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Wind energy development has been thriving both in the United States and around the world.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Wind energy offers a way to meet the needs of
28、both the economy and the environment by providing a source of clean, competitively priced power.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Wind power plants pay no property taxes and land rents.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Recently, the United States has ceded its early lead in wind development to Asian competitors.（分数：7.10）
29、A.YB.NC.NG(6).The typical conventional small power plant may take two years to build.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Opinion polls rank nuclear power as one of the most popular energy resources, far ahead of wind.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Several studies have established that wind energy produces more Jobs per
30、dollar invested or per kilowatt-hour generated than_.（分数：7.10）_(9).A wind plant located in an agricultural area can boost cropland rents and prices by as much as_.（分数：7.10）_(10).A significant number of consumers are willing to spend more on their monthly utility bills to purchase power from_.（分数：7.1
31、0）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.No, he missed it.B.Yes, he probably did.C.Yes, he did.D.No, he didnt.A.Its quiet in the restaurant.B.The price is high in the restaurant.C.The restaurant serves good food.D.The restaurant is too far from their school.A.Voluntary work can help the man establ
32、ish connections with the community.B.The mans voluntary work has left him little room in his schedule.C.Voluntary work with the environment council requires a time commitment.D.A lot of people have signed up for voluntary work with the environment council.A.He lost a lot of weight in several months.
33、B.He stopped exercising a few months ago.C.He had a unique way of staying healthy.D.He was never persistent in anything he did.A.She is confident.B.She is worried.C.She is bored.D.She is upset.A.At the information desk.B.In an office.C.In a restaurant.D.At a railway station.A.The man is usually the
34、last to hand in his test paper.B.The man has made a mess of his midterm exam.C.The man has bad study habits.D.The man is a diligent student.A.Trying to persuade the male members to vote for her.B.Running for chairman of the Trade Union.C.Choosing a campaign manager.D.Selecting the best candidates.四、
35、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.D.Seventeen.A.A drivers license.B.A permission slip.C.A registration card.D.Nothing.A.Next quarter.B.Friday at nine oclock.C.Friday afternoon.D.Later the same day.A.That he is majoring in mathematics.B.That he has never taken a chemistry course.C.That he
36、 is a freshman.D.That he does not like his advisor.A.He has got a bad cold.B.He has caught whooping cough.C.He has a fever and a bad appetite.D.He has been coughing for several days.A.Because he is only a 3-year-old child.B.Because others cough may be contagious to him.C.Because he also has a fever.
37、D.Because he cries all the time.A.Give the child lot of fluid to drink.B.Let him have a hot bath before bedtime.C.Keep an eye on the cough.D.Send him to the clinic if he has a fever.A.In the early 17th century.B.In the early 18th century.C.In the late 17th century.D.In the late 18th century.A.It inc
38、luded many everyday words.B.It presented good sentences to show the uses of each word.C.It defined easy words as well as hard ones.D.It was nothing more than a list of difficult words.A.It was a twenty-volume work.B.It was a complete list of difficult words.C.It showed word histories.D.It gave good
39、meanings to each word.A.To learn Spanish.B.To tour the city.C.To see the ancient art.D.To visit friends.A.By taxi.B.By subway.C.By bus.D.On foot.A.A taxi was faster.B.He got lost.C.He lost his map.D.The policeman advised him to.A.He was greatly disappointed.B.He was at a loss what to do.C.He was ple
40、ased to get there finally.D.He was pleased with his knowledge of Spanish.A.To support the Red Crosss campaign for a total ban on all anti-personnel landmines.B.To clarify the British governments policy on landmines.C.To investigate the sufferings of landmine victims there.D.To establish her image as
41、 a friend of landmine victims.A.Because she was ill-informed of the governments policy.B.Because they were actually opposed to banning landmines.C.Because she had not consulted the government before the visit.D.Because they believed that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola.A.It had caused
42、 embarrassment to the British government.B.It had brought her closer to the ordinary people.C.It had greatly promoted her popularity.D.It had affected her relations with the British government.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)If parents bring up a child with the aim of turning the child into a (36) 1, the
43、y will cause a disaster. According to several leading educational (37) 2, this is one of the biggest mistakes that (38) 3parents make. Generally, the child will be only too aware of what the parent expects, and will fail. Unrealistic parental (39) 4can cause great damage to children. However, if par
44、ents are not too (40) 5about what they expect their children to do, but are in a (41) 6way, the child may succeed in doing very well especially if the parents are very supportive of their child. Michael Li is very lucky. He is crazy about music, and his parents help him a lot by taking him to concer
45、ts and arranging (42) 7 piano and violin lessons for him. Although Michaels mother knows very little about music, Michaels father plays the trumpet in a large (43) 8. However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling. Michaels friend, Winston Chen, however, is not so lucky.
46、 (44) 9. They want their son to be (45) 10. They are very unhappy when he does not win. “When I was your age, I used to win every competition I entered.“ Winstons father tells him (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总
47、题数：2，分数：355.00)Hes the most famous man Americans dont know: one of the worlds highest-paid athletes, a fashion pacemaker married to a glamorous pop star, an idol of teens and mothers alike. It has taken a movie in which he doesnt even appear (except in archive footage) for English soccer star David Beckham to score in the USA. While Bend It Like Beckham might now be filling theaters across the country, before it was released there was talk of changing the title for fear filmgoers wouldnt understand it. If David Beckham is relatively unknown i
