1、大学英语四级 219及答案解析(总分：746.55，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A letter to Student Affairs. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1假设你是李明。 2你不慎将你的学生证遗失，写一封信给学校的学生处(Student Af
2、fairs)。 3信的内容必须包括承认错误、要求补学生证、保证此类事件不再发生。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Green Wave Washed Over Mainstream Shopping Research in Britain has shown that “green consumers“ continue to flourish as a significant group amongst shoppers. This suggests that politicians who claim environ men
3、talism is yesterdays issue may be seriously misjudging the public mood. A report from Mintel, the market research organization, says that despite recession and financial pressures, more people than ever want to buy environmentally friendly products and a “green wave“ has swept through consumerism, t
4、aking in people previously untouched by environmental concerns. The recently published report also predicts that the process will repeat itself with “ethical“ concerns, involving issues such as fair trade with the Third World and the social record of businesses. Companies will have to be more honest
5、 and open in response to this mood. Mintels survey, based on nearly 1,000 consumers, found that the proportion who look for green products and are prepared to pay more for them has climbed from 53 per cent in 1990 to around 60 per cent in 1994. On average, they will pay 13 per cent more for such pro
6、ducts, although this percentage is higher among women, managerial and professional groups and those aged 35 to 44. Between 1990 and 1994 the proportion of consumers claiming to be unaware of or unconcerned about green issues fell from 18 to 10 percent but the number of green spenders among older peo
7、ple and manual workers has risen substantially. Regions such as Scotland have also caught up with the south of England in their environmental concerns. According to Mintel, and image of green consumerism as associated in the past with the more eccentric members of society has virtually disappeared.
8、The consumer research manager for Mintel, Angela Hughes, said it had become firmly established as a mainstream market. She explained that as far as the average person is concerned environmentalism has not gone off the boil. In fact, it has spread across a much wider range of consumer groups, ages an
9、d occupations. Mintels 1994 survey found that 13 per cent of consumers are “very dark green“, nearly always buying environmentally friendly products, 28 per cent are “dark green“, trying “as far as possible“ to buy such products, and 21 per cent are “pale green“tending to buy green products if they
10、see them. Another 26 per cent are “armchair greens“; they said they care about environmental issues but their concern does not affect their spending habits. Only 10 per cent say they do not care about green issues. Four in ten people are “ethical spenders“, buying goods which do Not, for example, in
11、volve dealings with oppressive regimes. This figure is the same as in 1990, although the number of armchair ethicals has risen from 28 to 35 per cent and only 22 per cent say they are unconcerned now, against 30 per cent in 1990. Hughes claims that in the twenty-first century, consumers will be enco
12、uraged to think more about the entire history of the products and services they buy, including the policies of the companies that provide them and that this will require a greater degree of honesty with consumers. Among green consumers, animal testing is the top issue 48 per cent said they would be
13、deterred from buying a product if it had been tested on animalsfollowed by concerns regarding irresponsible selling, the ozone layer, river and sea pollution, forest destruction, recycling and factory farming. However, concern for specific issues is lower than in 1990, suggesting that many consumers
14、 feel that Government and business have taken on the environmental agenda. （分数：71.00）(1).The research findings report commercial rather than political trends.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Being financially better off has made shoppers more sensitive to buying green.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The majority of sh
15、oppers are prepared to pay more for the benefit of the environment according to the research findings.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Consumers green shopping habits are influenced by Mintels findings.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Mintel have limited their investigation to professional and managerial groups.（分数：7.1
16、0）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Mintel undertakes market surveys on an annual basis.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).people will buy any products under the name of green.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Between 1990 and 1994, 1and 2who spend on green food increased much.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).In the past people described those who take a
17、 fancy of green products as 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).The amount of people who concerned about the environmental issues related to products now is 1 those of people in 1990.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She is not interested in the article.B.She has given the man much trouble.
18、C.She would like to have a copy of the article.D.She doesnt want to take the trouble to read the article.A.He saw the big tower he visited on TV.B.He has visited the TV tower twice.C.He has visited the TV tower once.D.He will visit the TV tower in June.A.The woman has trouble getting along with the
19、professor.B.The woman regrets having taken up much of the professors time.C.The woman knows the professor has been busy.D.The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.A.He doesnt enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B.He doesnt think he is capable of doing the job.C.He thinks the pay is
20、too low to support his family.D.He wants to spend more time with his family.A.The man thought the essay was easy.B.They both had a hard time writing the essay.C.The woman thought the essay was easy.D.Neither of them has finished the assignment yet.A.In the park.B.Between two buildings.C.In his apart
21、ment.D.Under a huge tree.A.Its awfully dull.B.Its really exciting.C.Its very exhausting.D.Its quite challenging.A.A movie.B.A lecture.C.A play.D.A speech.A.The weather is mild compared to the past years.B.They are having the coldest winter ever.C.The weather will soon get warmer.D.The weather may ge
22、t even colder.A.A mystery story.B.The hiring of a shop assistant.C.The search for a reliable witness.D.An unsolved case of robbery.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.He is American.B.He is Austrian.C.He is Australian.D.He is English.A.The hospital was named after the governors wife Emma.B.A lot of Chinese
23、 people used to grow vegetables in Emma Ville.C.Emma Ville used to produce 400,000 tons of tin a year.D.The last mine that was in Emma Ville closed down 28 years ago.A.He is 48 years old now.B.He is 56 years old now.C.He is 64 years old now.D.He is 70 years old now.A.Brand-name products and their us
24、es.B.Name brands and peoples purchasing power.C.Designer products and their prices.D.Fashion and peoples daily life.A.For comfort.B.For fads.C.For function.D.For vanity.A.They are both stylish and functional.B.They are expensive, but not useless.C.They are far beyond the normal.D.They are just artis
25、tic products.A.A fast, new car.B.A fast, old car.C.A slow, old car.D.A fast, small car.A.He often paints pictures in black.B.He paints very colorful pictures.C.He paints pictures with only a few colors.D.He never paints beautiful pictures.A.Two.B.Five.C.Four.D.Six.A.An advertisement.B.An address.C.A
26、n operator.D.Long distance rates.A.The phone number you need to know is not in your phone book.B.You want to make a long distance call.C.You dont know the long distance rates.D.You need to know how to put the money in the slot.A.Call Directory Assistance.B.Know the area code.C.Call the operator.D.Ta
27、lk to a computer.A.Very well.B.Just so-so.C.Excellently.D.Terribly.A.Found a job in a big firm.B.Tried to get a job.C.Gambled all the time.D.Became a manager.A.Just very easy.B.Not so hard.C.Simply a headache.D.Impossible.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The word laser stands for “light amplification by s
28、timulated emission of radiation“. To many people lasers are very (36) 1, but a laser is simply a (37) 2that produces a very strong light. The light from a laser is called (38) 3 light because it is light that moves in only one direction. In contrast, in light, like the light form the sun or a light
29、, (39) 4, moves away from its (40) 5in all directions and (41) 6in a narrow beam. As soon as the laser was developed, scientists began thinking of practical (42) 7for it. One of the earliest uses was to make extremely (43) 8measurements of distance and speed. As time passed, many more for the laser
30、were developed. (44) 9. From laser printers to technology by which whole encyclopedias of information can be stored on a laser disk (called a CD-ROM) and read by a computer, lasers are revolutionizing computers. Lasers have also made a big difference in the way telephones work. Instead of changing s
31、ound waves to electricity that travels through copper wire, (45) 10. One such fiber can carry more than a million conversations at the same time! (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)No matter how large
32、 or notable the U. S. travel industry is or may become, it will always be members of a broader world society. The charge facing all of us is to appropriately en gage poverty. Poverty is certainly not new but the means at our disposal to address poverty are improving by the day. Fortunately, the $ 3.
33、3 trillion world travel industry is uniquely suited to address poverty in regions where it is most entrenched. In the course of making a case for harnessing travel and tourism for poverty reduction, the travel and tourism industry already exists in every region of the globe and is a proven job produ
34、cer and sustainer of native culture. That travel and tourism creates good jobs is indisputable. In the U. S. , the Industrial Age economy is in transition to a service economy, and travel and tourism is responsible for one in every seven workers in the U. S. civilian workforce, directly or indirectl
35、y. But by no means is this phenomenon limited to the U. S. The World Travel and Tourism Council re ports tourism employs almost 200 million people worldwide - 1 in every 13 jobs worldwide today. There are many important differences between building an industrial based economy and one that relies lar
36、gely on tourism. One of the historical barriers to industrialization has been a shortage of capital to build an industrial infrastructure or a lack of industrial specific facilities such al deep water ports. But we dont need to build factories for tourism. Nor do we need the traditional resources of
37、 the Industrial Age to build new tourism economies. The essential raw materials for our industry include rich cultures, unique natural environments and willing hosts. And those raw materials exist already in abundance in every nation. Only travel brings us face to face with people from different cit
38、ies, different nations, and different outlooks. CNN can take us on a virtual world tour. We can be touched by images we see in the media but it is only when we shake hands with people from other nations and other cultures that we learn how things really are. And despite the many wonders of technolog
39、y, we only truly touch one another when we travel and embrace one anothers culture, stature, and dreams. （分数：177.50）(1).From the first paragraph we learn that the travel industry.（分数：35.50）A.is going to give money to aid povertyB.has improved its revenueC.is financially healthier than everD.is bette
40、r able to help reduce poverty than ever(2).The reason tourism benefits a country even more than traditional industries is that it.（分数：35.50）A.has more of a cultural benefitB.has more potential to lead to other industriesC.requires much less capitalD.uses less resources which harm the environment(3).
41、By saying “. those raw materials exist already in abundance in every nation“ the author is referring to.（分数：35.50）A.people, the environment and cultureB.the capital used to build the tourism industryC.the environmental resources to build up tourismD.hosts and staff to welcome visitors(4).Why does th
42、e author assert that through travel we only “truly touch one another“?（分数：35.50）A.He wants to emphasize tourisms powerful effect on combating social problems.B.He believes tourism makes it possible for people to help one another.C.He believes travel is the only way cultures can learn about each othe
43、r.D.He thinks that sincere learning of a culture is only possible by travel(5).From the text we can infer that the author writes this text to.（分数：35.50）A.argue that travel is an important industryB.encourage people in the tourism industry to do more for povertyC.point out that the travel industry ha
44、s social, cultural as well as economic valueD.to show travel industrys important role in nation buildingDid the Ancient Greeks and Romans have a sense of fashion? Historians of dress have traditionally claimed that fashion in the modern sense did not exist in Greece and Rome, but this assertion rest
45、s upon a misconception of rather sophisticated Greco Roman attitudes toward physical appearance, as well as upon definitions of “dress“ and “fashion“ that are too limited. As is abundantly clear from their art and literature, the ancients attached great importance to ideals of bodily perfection and
46、to outward appearance in general. Both the Greeks and the Romans demonstrated, from their earliest history, an extraordinary awareness of the potential of the body (and various modifications that could be made to it) as a means of marking social, political, religious, and even moral distinctions, as
47、ide from the opportunities dress and body decoration represent for self-expression or the pursuit of beauty. The ancients manipulated the expressive potential of clothing and adornments in a myriad of contexts: in their rituals, in theatre, and in the political arena, as well as in literature. There
48、 is also considerable evidence of innovation, experimentation, and the determined expression of personal style, even in Republican Rome where societal norms or expectations were ostensibly rigid in regard to clothing, correct grooming, or the use of jewelry, per fume or cosmetics. “Fashion“ may be said to encompass ally of four forms. First, there is a conscious manipulation of dress that strives for effect, a “momentary instance“ of fashion, “fashion statement“ or “fad“. Second, fashion may designate innov
