1、大学英语四级 164及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about What Would Happen if There Were no Power in three paragraphs. You are given the first sentence or part of the first sentence of each paragraph. Your pa
2、rt of the composition should be no less than 120 words, not including the words given. 1. Ever since early last century, electricity has become an essential part of our modem life. 2. If there were no electric power, 3. Therefore, （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Rapid Police Respons
3、e A Police departments in the United States and Canada see it as central to their role that they respond to calls for help as quickly as possible. This ability to react fast has been greatly improved with the aid of technology. The telephone and police radio, already long in use, assist greatly in t
4、he reduction of police response time. In more recent times there has been the introduction of the “911“ emergence system, which allows the public easier and faster contact with police, and the use of police computer system, which assist police in planning patrols and assigning emergency requests to
5、the police officers nearest to the scene of the emergency. B An important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public alike as offering tremendous benefits. The more obvious ones are the ability of police to apply first-aid life-saving techniques quickly
6、and the greater likelihood of arresting people who may have participated in a crime. It aids in identifying those who witnessed an emergency or crime, as well as in collecting evidence. The overall reputation of a police department, too, is enhanced if rapid response is consistent, and this in itsel
7、f promotes the prevention of crime. Needless to say, rapid response offers the public some degree of satisfaction in its police force. C While these may be the desired consequences of rapid police response, actual research has not shown it to be quite so beneficial. For example, it has been demonstr
8、ated that rapid response leads to a greater likelihood of arrest only if responses are on the order of 1-2 minutes after a call is received by the police. When response times increase to 3-4 minutes still quite a rapid response the likelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced. Similarly, in iden
9、tifying witnesses to emergencies or crimes, police are far more likely to be successful if they arrive at the scene no more than four minutes, on average, after receiving call for help. Yet both police officers and the public defind “rapid response“ as responding up to 10-12 minutes after calling th
10、e police for help. D Should police assume all the responsibility for ensuring a rapid response? Studies have shown that people tend to delay after an incident occurs before contacting the police. A crime victim may be injured and thus unable to call for help, for example, or no telephone may be avai
11、lable at the scene of the incident. Often, however, there is no such physical barrier to calling tile police. Indeed, it is very common for crime victims to call their parents, their minister, or even their insurance company first. When the police are finally called in such case, the effectiveness o
12、f even the most rapid of responses is greatly diminished. E The effectiveness of rapid response also needs to be seen in light of the nature of the crime. For example, when someone rings the police after discovering their television set has been stolen from their home, there is little point, in term
13、s of identifying those responsible for the crime, in ensuring a very rapid response. It is common in such burglary or theft cases that the victim discovers the crime hours, days, even weeks after it has occurred. When the victim is directly involved in the crime, however, as in the case of a robbery
14、, rapid response, provided the victim was quickly able to contact the police, is more likely to be advantageous. Based on statistics comparing crimes that are discovered and those in which the victim is directly involved, Spelman and Brown (1981) suggest that three in four calls to police need not b
15、e met with rapid response. F It becomes clear that the importance of response time in collecting evidence or catching criminals after a crime must be weighed against a variety of factors. Yet because police department officials assume the public strongly demands rapid response, they believe that eve
16、ry call to the police should be met with it. Studies have shown, however, that while the public wants quick response, more important is the information given by the police to the person asking for help. If a caller is told the police will arrive in five minutes but in fact it takes ten minutes or mo
17、re, waiting the extra time can be extremely frustration. But if a caller is told he or she will have to wait 10 minutes and the police indeed arrive within that time, the caller is normally satisfied. Thus, rather than emphasizing rapid response, the focus of energies should be on establishing reali
18、stic expectations in the caller and making every attempt to meet them. （分数：71.00）(1).Police believe there is a better chance of finding witnesses to a crime if response is rapid.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).A response delay of 1-2 minutes may have substantial influence on whether or not a suspect criminal
19、 is caught.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The public and the police generally agree on the amount of time normally taken for a rapid response.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Physical barriers are the greatest cause of delay in contacting police.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Rapid response is considered desirable in handlin
20、g cases of burglary.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Research shows that some 75% of crimes are discovered by victims after they have been committed.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Police departments are usually successful in providing a rapid response regardless of the circumstances of the crime or emergency.（分数：7.10
21、）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The importance of response time in collecting evidence must be weighed against _.（分数：7.10）_(9).If a caller is told _but in fact it takes ten minutes or more, the caller will wait extra time feeling frustrated.（分数：7.10）_(10).The focus of energies should be on _in the caller.（分数：7.10）_三
22、、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.The man saw Mark on the street two months ago.B.The woman had forgotten Marks phone number.C.The woman made a phone call to Mark yesterday.D.Mark and the woman had not been in touch for some time.A.The man is late for the trip because he is busy.B.The woman is
23、glad to meet Mr. Brown in person.C.The man is meeting the woman on behalf of Mr. Brown.D.The woman feels sorry that Mr. Brown is unable to come.A.At 10:30.B.At 10:25.C.At 10:40.D.At 10:45.A.The man no longer smokes.B.The man is under pressure from his wife.C.The man usually follows his wifes advice.
24、D.The man refuses to listen to his doctors advice.A.Move to a big city.B.Become a teacher.C.Go back to school.D.Work in New York.A.Quit delivering flowers.B.Work at a restaurant.C.Bring her flowers every day.D.Leave his job to work for her.A.She can find the right person to help the man.B.She can he
25、lp the man out.C.Shes also in need of a textbook.D.She picked up the book from the bus floor.A.The man was confused about the date of the appointment.B.The man wants to change the date of the appointment.C.The man is glad hes got in touch with the doctor.D.The man cant come for the appointment at 4:
26、15.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.18.B.8.C.16.D.6.A.Business executives.B.White-collar workers.C.Fashionable young people.D.Government officials.A.Fierce competition.B.Network problems.C.High price.D.Government policy.A.Conduct market research.B.Sell cameras.C.Advertise on newspapers.D.Give away the m
27、obile phones.A.Relaxing.B.Watching TV.C.Knitting sacks.D.Collecting buttons.A.She thinks it is very helpful.B.She thinks it is a waste of time.C.She thinks it is very interesting.D.She thinks the man can learn a lot from it.A.Have a rest.B.Have a good time.C.Have a bath.D.Have an exercise.A.He likes
28、 doing things while he rests.B.He likes learning new things.C.He likes working.D.He likes doing nothing while he rests.A.He missed the appointment.B.He arrived late.C.He was sick.D.He was very busy.A.He was busy sightseeing.B.He couldnt reach Mr. Jordans office.C.He didnt want to see Mr. Jordan any
29、more.D.He didnt want to take the trouble making it.A.The trip didnt do any good to his health.B.The trip was a complete disappointment.C.The trip was enjoyable but not fruitful in terms of business.D.The trip helped him meet many interesting people.A.A basket.B.A cup.C.An egg.D.An oven.A.To let in t
30、he sunshine.B.To serve as its door.C.To keep the nest cool.D.For the bird to lay eggs.A.Branches.B.Grasses.C.Mud.D.Straw.A.Some are built underground.B.Some can be eaten.C.Most are sewed with grasses.D.Most are dried by the sun.A.A few inches above the knee.B.A little below the knee.C.Down to the an
31、kle.D.Floor-length.A.Boots.B.Sneakers.C.Slippers.D.Leather shoes.A.Fashions change overtime.B.Men are thriftier than women.C.Skirts and shoes are more important than other clothing.D.Some clothing may suit all occasions.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Adervertising is a form of selling. For thousands of
32、years, there have been (36) 1who tried to persuade others to buy the food they have (37) 2or the goods they have made or the services they can perform. Advertising (38) 3in the signs that merchants once put over their doors to (39) 4the public exactly what was for sale inside with (40) 5 or pictures
33、. The objective of any advertisement is to (41) 6 people that it is in their best interests to take an action the advertiser is recommending. Advertising (42) 7to the content of the mass media, and at the same time, supports them. Most newspapers and magazines publishers, radio and television statio
34、ns make their (43) 8from the sale of space or time to advertisers. As a matter of fact, (44) 9. The cost of buying space or time is added to the price of an advertisers goods or services. (45) 10rather than providing better books, programs or magazine articles. Advertising may also influence media c
35、ontent: a magazine that runs cigarette ads may not be enthusiastic about printing an article on the dangers of smoking. Moreover, the distinction between advertising and other types of content is not always clear. (46) 11, and even specialized media directed at schools. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1
36、:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)The picnics, speeches, and parades of todays Labor Day were all part of the first celebration, held in New York City in 1882. Its promoter was an Irish-American labor leader named Peter J. McGuire. A car
37、penter by trade, McGuire had worked since the age of eleven, and in 1882 was president of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners (UBCJ). Approaching the Citys Central Labor Union that summer, he proposed a holiday that would applaud (赞许) “the industrial spirit-the great vital force of ever
38、y nation.“ On September 5 his suggestion bore fruit, as an estimated 10,000 workers, many of them ignoring their bosses warnings, left work to march from Union square up Fifth Avenue to 42nd Street. The event gained national attention, and by 1893 thirty states had made Labor Day an annual holiday.
39、The quick adoption of the scheme may have indicated less about the state lawmakers respect for working people than about a fear of risking their anger. In the 1880s the United States was a land sharply divided between the immensely wealthy and the very poor. Henry George was accurate in describing t
40、he era as one of “progress and poverty.“ In a society in which factory, owners rode in private Pullmans while ten-year-olds slaved in the mines, strong anti-capitalist feeling ran high. Demands for fundamental change were common throughout the labor press. With socialists demanding an end to “wage s
41、lavery “ and anarchists (无政府主义者) singing the praises of the virtues of dynamite (炸药), middle-of-roaders like Samuel Gompers and McGuire seemed attractively mild by comparison. One can imagine practical capitalists seeing Labor day as a bargain: A one-day party certainly cost them less than paying th
42、eir workers decent wages. （分数：177.50）(1).Judging from the passage, Mcguire was_.（分数：35.50）A.a moderate labor leaderB.an extreme-anarchist in the labor movementC.a devoted socialist fighting against exploitation of man by manD.a firm anti-capitalist demanding the elimination of wage slavery(2).We can
43、 see from the first paragraph that the first Labor Day march_.（分数：35.50）A.immediately won nationwide supportB.involved workers from 30 statesC.was opposed by many factory ownersD.was organized by the UBCJ(3).Which of the following is the key factor in the immediate approval of labor Day as a nationa
44、l holiday?（分数：35.50）A.The lawmakers respect for the workers.B.The workers determination to have a holiday of their own.C.The socialists demands for thorough reform.D.The politicians fear of the workers* anger.(4).We learn from the passage that the establishment of Labor Day_.（分数：35.50）A.was accepted
45、 by most bosses as a compromiseB.marked a turning point in the workers struggle for more rightsC.indicated the improvement of the workers welfareD.signaled the end of “wage slavery“(5).McGuire proposed Labor Day in order to_.（分数：35.50）A.draw peoples attention to the striking contrast between the ric
46、h and the poorB.make prominent the important role of the working class in societyC.win for the workers the right to shorter working hoursD.expose the exploitation of the workers by their bossesThe rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司), global marketing, new communication technologies, and shrink
47、ing cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR. Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the worlds top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司
