1、大学英语四级 150及答案解析(总分：746.54，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic The Functions of a University Education. You should write no more than 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese
2、below: 1. 有人认为大学教育是为就业作准备 2. 也有人持不同的意见 3. 结合自己的经历，谈谈对大学教育功能的看法 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)New York As a travel destination, New York has something to offer almost every visitor. Though tourism has dropped since September 11, 2001, there are still lots of reasons to visit what m
3、any consider the greatest city in the world. City Overview New York City (NYC )is located on the Eastern Atlantic coast of the United States. It rests at the mouth of the Hudson River. The city is often referred to as a “city of islands. “ Greater NYC is made up of five distinct areas called borough
4、s. These boroughs include Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, Staten Island and the Bronx. The boroughs are separated from each other by various bodies of water and are connected by subways, bridges and tunnels. When people refer to New York City, they are usually talking about Manhattan. Most of NYCs main
5、 attractions are located in this borough and the majority of visitors spend most of their vacation here. A Short History of the Big Apple No discussion about New York would be complete without asking why New York is referred to as “the Big Apple. “ Like many things about New York, youll probably get
6、 a different answer depending on who you ask. According to the Museum of the City of New York, it is believed that in the 1920s, a sportswriter overheard stable hands in New Orleans refer to New York Citys racetracks as “the Big Apple.“ The phrase was most widely used by jazz musicians during the 19
7、30s and 40s. They adopted the term to refer to New York City, and especially Harlem, as the jazz capital of the world. The Italian navigator Giovanni da Verrazano may have been the first European to explore the New York region in 1524. More than 80 years later. Englishman Henry Hudson sailed up the
8、river that now bears his name. But it was Dutch settlements that truly started the city. In 1624. the town of New Amsterdam was established on lower Manhattan. Two years later, according to local legend. Dutchman Peter Minuit purchased the island of Manhattan from the local Native Americans for 60 g
9、uilders (about $ 24) worth of goods. Few people realize that New York was briefly the U. S. capital from 1789 to 1790 and was the capital of New York State until 1797. By 1790, it was the largest U.S. city. In 1825, the opening of the Erie Canal, which linked New York with the Great Lakes, led to co
10、ntinued expansion. A charter was adopted in 1898 incorporating all five boroughs into Greater New York. New York has always been and remains a city of immigrants. Patterns of immigration are integral to the citys history and landscape. Immigration, mainly from Europe, swelled the citys population in
11、 the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After World War II, many African Americans from the South, Puerto Ricans. and Latin Americans migrated to the city as well. Because of the variety of immigrant groups, both historically and currently, New York is often referred to as a true “melting pot. “ Ge
12、tting Around New York By Foot The absolute best way to get around New York, and the one you will probably be using most, is walking. Remember, the city is only 13 miles long. On a day with good weather, walking is a great option. The excitement of New York on foot is that you never know what interes
13、ting things you will see as you head from one destination to another. If youre on a schedule, keep in mind that distances are not as close as they might seem and take into account the extra time it takes to stop at every street crosswalk. Getting from the easternmost side of Manhattan to the western
14、most side can take quite a while. The Subway If youre looking to save some time, this is where one of the three excellent New York public transportation systems comes in handy. They are all run by the citys Metropolitan Transportation Authority. According to NYC however, with the help of computer en
15、hancement techniques that can conclude a complete pattern from mere fragments, and laser technology that can read otherwise invisible markings, fingerprint experts increasingly can retrieve identifiable prints from most surfaces. The age of a set of fingerprints is almost impossible to determine. Th
16、erefore, defendants often try to explain away evidence that their fingerprints were found at crime scenes by testifying that they were at the scene and left the prints at a time other than the time of a crime. （分数：177.50）(1).According to the passage, nowadays the fingerprint identification_.（分数：35.5
17、0）A.is adopted by a wider range of peopleB.has completely given way to the new, high-tech methodsC.may seem not so popular as those high-tech methodsD.is more reliable than those high-tech methods(2).The fact that everyones fingerprint is unique_.（分数：35.50）A.is only known to those who got a Ph.D. de
18、greeB.is only understood by those who attended the scientific lectures on geneticsC.is widely known to the common peopleD.both A and B(3).Why it is increasingly popular for parents to ask local police or schools to fingerprint their young children?（分数：35.50）A.They consider fingerprinting can give th
19、eir children a better protection.B.They want the local police and schools keep a closer watch on their children.C.They want to remind the police and the school that social security needs improvement.D.They hope it can help to identify their children in case they fall victim to some crimes.(4).Which
20、of the following statements concerning fingerprints is true?（分数：35.50）A.Only when people are arrested will their fingerprints be kept in the file.B.In order to make fingerprints visible, you must use laser technology.C.Even when the fingerprints found are incomplete, their whole patterns can be cons
21、tructed with the help of computer.D.Fingerprints wont be left on rough surfaces.(5).What can we infer from the last paragraph?（分数：35.50）A.The defendants will confess to the crime as long as their fingerprints are detected at the crime scenes.B.Even the fingerprints of someone were found at the crime
22、 scenes, they sometimes cant serve as the decisive evidence.C.The high-tech will help the experts to determine the how long the fingerprints had been left.D.The scene of the crime needs to be examined carefully.Do we need laws that prevent us from running risks with our lives? If so, then perhaps la
23、ws are needed prohibiting the sale of cigarettes and alcoholic drinks. Both products have been known to kill people. The hazards of drinking too much alcohol are as bad or worse than the hazards of smoking too many cigarettes. All right then, lets pass a law closing the liquor stores and the bars in
24、 this country. Lets put an end once and for all to the ruinous disease from which as many as 10 million Americans currently suffer alcoholism. But wait. Weve already tried that. For 13 years, between 1920 and 1933, there were no liquor stores anywhere in the United States. They were shut down abolis
25、hed by an amendment (修正案) to the Constitution (to 18th) and by a law of Congress (the Volstead Act). After January 20, 1920, there was supposed to be no more manufacturing, selling, or transporting of “ intoxicating (醉人，使中毒) liquors.“ Without any more liquor, people could not drink it. And if they d
26、id not drink it, how could they get drunk? There would be no more dangers to the public welfare from drunkenness and alcoholism. It was all very logical. And yet prohibition of liquor, beer, and wine did not work. Why? Because, law or no law, millions of people still liked to drink alcohol. And they
27、 were willing to take risks to get it. They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law. And gangs of liquor smugglers made it easy to buy an illegal drink or two or three. They smuggled millions of gallons of the outlawed beverages across the Canadian and Me
28、xican borders. Drinkers were lucky to know of an illegal bar that served Mexican or Canadian liquor. Crime and drunkenness were both supposed to decline as a result of prohibition. Instead people drank more alcohol than ever often poisoned alcohol. On December 5, 1993, they repealed (撤销) prohibition
29、 by ratifying (批准) the 21st Amendment to the Constitution. （分数：177.50）(1).Which of the following was NOT a characteristic reason for the proposal of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution and the Volstead Act?（分数：35.50）A.There would be no further danger to the public from alcoholism.B.People would n
30、ot become drunk or create a public nuisance.C.There would be a rise in the cost of alcoholic beverages.D.Without liquor, people would not drink.(2).During Prohibition, illegal alcohol was _（分数：35.50）A.sold openlyB.no longer a temptationC.a major factor in the passage of the Volstead ActD.brought acr
31、oss the Mexican and Canadian borders(3).During Prohibition, people _.（分数：35.50）A.lived in fear of the lawB.were willing to risk arrest for the pleasure of liquorC.recklessly endangered their communitiesD.were respectful of the legal sanctions placed on them(4).When enacting the prohibition laws, gov
32、ernment officials assumed that_.（分数：35.50）A.every American would buy alcohol illegallyB.all criminal activities would ceaseC.patrols of the Canadian border would halt the sale of alcoholD.the social threat from drunkenness would decline(5).It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：35.50）A.the C
33、ongress was wise to repeal ProhibitionB.the Prohibition Era was characterized by a decrease in crime and drunkennessC.during Prohibition, most Americans stopped drinkingD.laws should be passed to ban the sale of alcoholic beverages八、Section B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Eye contact is a nonverbal (47)_ that help
34、s the speaker “sell“ his or her ideas to an audience. Besides its persuasive powers, eye contact helps hold listeners interest. A (48)_ speaker must maintain eye contact with an audience. To have good rapport (关系) with listeners, a speaker should (49)_ direct eye contact for at least 75 percent of t
35、he time. Some speakers focus exclusively in their notes. Others gaze over me heads of their listeners. Both are likely to lose (50)_s interest and esteem. People who maintain eye contact while speaking, whether from a podium (演讲台) or from across the table, are “regarded not only as exceptionally wel
36、l disposed by their target but also as more believable and earnest.“ To show the potency (作用，效力) of eye contact in daily life, we have only to consider how passers-by behave when their glances happen to meet on the street. At one (51)_ are those who feel (52)_ and immediately look away. To make eye
37、contact, it seems, is to make a certain (53)_ with someone. Eye contact with an audience also lets a speaker know and monitor the listeners. It is, in fact, (54)_ for analyzing an audience during a speech. Visual cues (暗示) from the audience members can (55)_ that a speech is dragging, that the speak
38、er is dwelling on a particular point for too long, or that a particular point requires further explanation. As we have pointed out, visual (56)_ from listeners should play an important role in shaping a speech as it is delivered. WORD BANK A) indicate B) technique C) extreme D) successful E) manufac
39、ture F) audience G) conscious H) subject I) maintain J) principle K) essential L) feedback M) awkward N) individual O) link （分数：10.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.九、
40、Cloze (15 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The part of the environmental movement that draws my firms attention is the design of cities, buildings and products. When we designed Americas first so-called “green“ office building in New York two decades (71)_, we felt very alone. But today, thousands of people
41、come to green building conferences, and the (72)_ that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly influential in years to (73)_. Back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration werent designed for (74)_ use. The “energy-efficient“ sealed comme
42、rcial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis (75)_ indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So for 20 years, weve been focusing on these materials (76)_ to the molecules, looking for ways to make them (77)_ for people and the planet. Home
43、builders can now use materials-such as paints that release significantly (78)_ amounts of organic compounds that dont (79)_ the quality of the air, water, or soil. Ultimately, （80)_, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad“ but on creating (81)_ healthful materials that ca
44、n be either safely returned to the soil (82)_ reused by industry again and again. As a matter of (83)_, the worlds largest carpet manufacturer has already (84)_ a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable (可循环用的). Look at it this way: No one (85)_ out to create a building that destroys the planet.
45、But our current industrial systems are (86)_ causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So (87)_ of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are (88)_ a positive approach. Were giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a (89)_ effect on the w
46、orld. Its not just the building industry, either. (90)_ cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building. Portland, Seattle and Boston have said they want to be green cities. Chicago wants to be the greenest city in the world. （分数：71.00）A.agoB.beforeC.offD
47、.awayA.practiceB.ideaC.outlookD.schemeA.goB.arriveC.comeD.continueA.relevantB.indoorC.flexibleD.inwardA.revealedB.displayedC.exhibitedD.discoveredA.backB.nextC.downD.nearA.comfortableB.cautiousC.stableD.safeA.reducedB.descendedC.revisedD.delayedA.denyB.dissolveC.depressD.destroyA.besidesB.anyhowC.ho
48、weverD.anywayA.exactlyB.completelyC.partiallyD.superficiallyA.orB.butC.andD.norA.interestB.principleC.factD.courseA.sketchedB.researchedC.constructedD.developedA.startsB.looksC.pullsD.makesA.basicallyB.traditionallyC.originallyD.inevitablyA.insteadB.becauseC.outD.regardlessA.adjustingB.adoptingC.admittingD.adaptingA.functionalB.preciousC.beneficialD.sensibleA.EntireB.FullC.TotalD.Complete十、Translation (5 minu(总题数：5，分数：177.50)3.I want to encourage her to do well, but equally_(我也不想让她有太大压力) .（分数：35.50）_
