1、大学英语四级 149 及答案解析(总分：746.54，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Imagine you are Wang Ting. Write a letter to Xiao Lin, a classmate of yours who is at home and suffering from eye strain (视疲劳). However, shes still willing
2、to participate in the forth coming CET-4 test. You should write no more than 120 words following the suggestions given below in Chinese. 1. 表示慰问； 2. 告知有关你备考的情况； 3. 提出你的建议。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Green Wave Washed Over Mainstream Shopping Research in Britain has shown that “
3、green consumers“ continue to flourish as a significant group amongst shoppers. This suggests that politicians who claim environ mentalism is yesterdays issue may be seriously misjudging the public mood. A report from Mintel, the market research organization, says that despite recession and financial
4、 pressures, more people than ever want to buy environmentally friendly products and a “green wave“ has swept through consumerism, taking in people previously untouched by environmental concerns. The recently published report also predicts that the process will repeat itself with “ethical“ concerns,
5、involving issues such as fair trade with the Third World and the social record of businesses. Companies will have to be more honest and open in response to this mood. Mintels survey, based on nearly 1,000 consumers, found that the proportion who look for green products and are prepared to pay more f
6、or them has climbed from 53 per cent in 1990 to around 60 per cent in 1994. On average, they will pay 13 per cent more for such products, although this percentage is higher among women, managerial and professional groups and those aged 35 to 44. Between 1990 and 1994 the proportion of consumers clai
7、ming to be unaware of or unconcerned about green issues fell from 18 to 10 percent but the number of green spenders among older people and manual workers has risen substantially. Regions such as Scotland have also caught up with the south of England in their environmental concerns. According to Mint
8、el, and image of green consumerism as associated in the past with the more eccentric members of society has virtually disappeared. The consumer research manager for Mintel, Angela Hughes, said it had become firmly established as a mainstream market. She explained that as far as the average person is
9、 concerned environmentalism has not gone off the boil. In fact, it has spread across a much wider range of consumer groups, ages and occupations. Mintels 1994 survey found that 13 per cent of consumers are “very dark green“, nearly always buying environmentally friendly products, 28 per cent are “da
10、rk green“, trying “as far as possible“ to buy such products, and 21 per cent are “pale green“tending to buy green products if they see them. Another 26 per cent are “armchair greens“; they said they care about environmental issues but their concern does not affect their spending habits. Only 10 per
11、cent say they do not care about green issues. Four in ten people are “ethical spenders“, buying goods which do Not, for example, involve dealings with oppressive regimes. This figure is the same as in 1990, although the number of armchair ethicals has risen from 28 to 35 per cent and only 22 per cen
12、t say they are unconcerned now, against 30 per cent in 1990. Hughes claims that in the twenty-first century, consumers will be encouraged to think more about the entire history of the products and services they buy, including the policies of the companies that provide them and that this will require
13、 a greater degree of honesty with consumers. Among green consumers, animal testing is the top issue 48 per cent said they would be deterred from buying a product if it had been tested on animalsfollowed by concerns regarding irresponsible selling, the ozone layer, river and sea pollution, forest des
14、truction, recycling and factory farming. However, concern for specific issues is lower than in 1990, suggesting that many consumers feel that Government and business have taken on the environmental agenda. （分数：71.00）(1).The research findings report commercial rather than political trends.（分数：7.10）A.
15、YB.NC.NG(2).Being financially better off has made shoppers more sensitive to buying green.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The majority of shoppers are prepared to pay more for the benefit of the environment according to the research findings.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Consumers green shopping habits are influenc
16、ed by Mintels findings.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Mintel have limited their investigation to professional and managerial groups.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Mintel undertakes market surveys on an annual basis.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).people will buy any products under the name of green.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Be
17、tween 1990 and 1994, 1and 2who spend on green food increased much.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).In the past people described those who take a fancy of green products as 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).The amount of people who concerned about the environmental issues related to products now is 1 those of people in 1990
18、.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Its four oclock.B.The womans watch stopped 2 hours ago.C.The mans watch goes faster than the womans.D.Its too dark for the woman to read her watch.A.Mother ate it.B.Johnny ate it.C.Other people ate it.D.Its still there.A.Near the working place
19、.B.Near the station.C.In downtown.D.Outside the city.A.It was boring.B.It was entertaining.C.It was moving.D.It was encouraging.A.He has a lot of experience.B.He appears to be a bit quiet.C.He is nice-looking.D.He lacks experience.A.She should repair the telephone herself.B.She can turn to Mike for
20、help.C.He knows nothing about telephone.D.He will call the telephone company.A.Mary wants to return the novels to the man.B.Mary wants to lend the novels to the man.C.Mary wants to borrow the novels from the man.D.Mary wants to get the novels back from the man.A.He was ill.B.He was in holiday.C.He w
21、as dismissed.D.He changed a job.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.In central London.B.Near a police station.C.By the tube station.D.On a side street.A.Green.B.Red.C.White.D.Black.A.It was stolen.B.It was given a ticket.C.She couldnt find it.D.She found it towed away by the police.A.She went to a police s
22、tation nearby.B.She talked to a policeman on patrol.C.She took a taxi as a policeman advised her to do.D.She telephoned the police for help.A.For a presentation at a seminar.B.For an assignment by her professor.C.For a thesis required by the course.D.For an understanding about Dickens.A.Because she
23、always finds the lecture boring.B.Because she has great interest in philosophy.C.Because she doesnt like the works of Dickens.D.Because she sees poor job opportunities with a degree of the course.A.Mary herself.B.Her professor.C.Her parents.D.Her friends.A.Supportive.B.Angry.C.Indifferent.D.Frustrat
24、ed.A.Beasts.B.Herbivorous.C.Carnivorous.D.Dinosaurs.A.150 years ago.B.60 million years ago.C.16 million years ago.D.150 million years ago.A.By digging site.B.By reconstructing skeletons.C.By observing them closely.D.By living with them.A.Scientists have studied them for centuries.B.They were meat ea
25、ting as well as plant eating.C.They wandered the earth for millions of years.D.They lived on land, in the sea, and in the sky.A.It had many problems.B.It was the most democratic country in the world.C.It was fair to women.D.It had some minor problems to solve.A.The women of some states.B.The women i
26、n the state of Wyoming only.C.The members of the National Womens Association.D.The women in the state of Massachusetts only.A.At the very beginning of the 20th century.B.At the end of the 19th century.C.After Susan Anthonys death.D.Just before Susan Anthonys death.A.She worked on the draft of the Am
27、erican Constitution.B.She was the chairman of the National Womens Association.C.She was born in New York and died in Massachusetts.D.She was an activist in the womens movement for equal rights.A.Because it was their hometown.B.Because they wanted to help the AIDS patients.C.Because they were doing t
28、heir summer social topics.D.They were learning medicine and doing research on HIV.A.To warn the girls against him.B.To show his dislike of the patient.C.To tell them the fact.D.To gossip about the patient.A.They went to hospital to check HIV.B.They taught their friends knowledge about AIDS.C.Their f
29、riends were afraid to get close to them.D.They were infected.A.Ding will certainly go back to her hometown.B.Ding will stay at university.C.The 8-year-old child will be worse.D.The 8-year-old child will have a happy time.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Some years ago, an American policeman found a woman
30、lying near a lonely road. She did not appear to have had an accident. But she was (36) 1and clearly in a state of shock. So he (37) 2her to the nearest hospital. She began to tell the doctor on duty the story which was astonishing and (38) 3. She had been driving along a country road when she had be
31、en stopped by a flying saucer landing in front of her. She had been forced to leave the car and enter the flying saucer by (39) 4which looked like human beings and which could easily make themselves understood although they could not speak. It was as though they could read her thoughts and she could
32、 read theirs. They (40) 5her politely and allowed her to leave after carrying out a number of tests on her. As she otherwise seems to be (41) 6, the doctor decided that she was probably (42) 7from the side effects of some drug. The woman (43) 8on being allowed to go home. (44) 9. The police then sta
33、rted to make inquiries and soon discovered that there was already a search going on for the woman, whose husband had reported that she had disappeared. (45) 10. In front of the car, the surface of the road had been completely destroyed not by an explosion or any thing of that kind, (46) 11.（分数：10.00
34、）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Recent research had claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air could have an ill effect on peoples physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is f
35、ull of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance. If the balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorms, earthquakes or when winds such as the Mistral, Foehn, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in
36、 certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibers, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens. When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such a
37、s headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also found to be affected, particularly before earth- quakes; snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jum
38、p about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California. Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-
39、being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.
40、To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionisers; small portable machines that generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there a
41、re the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive in research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all, it is debatable whether depen
42、ding on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat. （分数：177.50）(1).What effect does excessive positive ionization have on some people?（分数：35.50）A.They think they are mad.B.They feel very tired.C.They become violently sick.D.They are too tired to do anything.(2
43、).According to the passage, static electricity can be caused by _.（分数：35.50）A.using home-made electrical goodsB.wearing clothes made of natural materialsC.walking on artificial floor coveringsD.sorting food in a refrigerator(3).By observing the behavior of animals, scientists may be able to _.（分数：35
44、.50）A.prevent disastersB.organize groups of peopleC.predict earthquakesD.control areas of California(4).A high negative ion count is likely to be found _.（分数：35.50）A.near a pond with a water pumpB.close to a slow-flowing riverC.high in some barren mountainsD.by a rotation water sprinkler(5).People s
45、hould be able to come to a decision about ions in the air if they _.（分数：35.50）A.note their own reactionsB.move to a healthier, areaC.observe domestic animalsD.watch how wealthy people behaveLike many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to questi
46、on our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: what is a hero? Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people. A here does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell
47、 and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame. Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people. The hero lives a life worthy of imitation.
48、 Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant? Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They
