1、大学英语四级 145 及答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Dont hesitate to say “No“. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below
2、: 1别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。 2为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”。 3该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Internet In November 2005, thousands of government representatives and information experts met in Tunis, Tunisia to discuss the future of the Internet. The United Nations organized
3、the World Summit on the Information Society to discuss Internet growth in developing nations. But the three-day meetings also developed into a struggle over who controls the Internet. The Internet grew out of research paid for by the United States Defense Department in the 1960s and 1970s. As a resu
4、lt, the United States government still has .some control over it. In 1998, the Commerce Department set up a non-profit organization to supervise the domain name system of the Internets World Wide Web. The Web is a major service on the Internet. The group, based in California, is called the Internet
5、Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN. A domain name is a series of words separated by dots. It identifies an Internet Web site. ICANN operates a list of Web site owners and approves new endings for Web addresses, such as , or dot.gov. The group guarantees that Internet users around
6、the world do not visit different Websites using the same Web address. For example, thanks to ICANN, a person in Cuba will see the same www. unsv. com Website as someone in Belarus. ICANN also has some Internet policy powers. It can remove Web sites from the Internet. It also decides who can sell and
7、 list domain names. The European Onion, China, Brazil, India and other countries want the United States to release at least some control over the World Wide Web. They believe that the Internet is an international resource that should be supervised by the United Nations or some other independent orga
8、nization. The Bush Administration disagrees. It says that ICANN is the best way to guarantee an open, secure and dependable online environment. Heavy governmental controls, it says, would suppress Internet growth and development. Hours before the start of the Tunis conference, negotiators agreed to
9、leave day-to-day supervision of the Internet with ICANN. The compromise proposal from the European Union calls for the creation next year of an international governance committee. Governments, businesses and organizations will be able to discuss public policy issues, including Internet crime, junk m
10、ail and viruses. The committee, however, will not have powers to make rules. The World Future Society estimated last year, the year of 2004, that about 950 million people around the world were using the Internet. That number is expected to rise to more than 1,000 million people within the next two y
11、ears. Most Internet communication is business-to-business, instead of personal electronic mail. Buying and selling goods and services over the Internet is growing around the world. The World Future Society estimates that 2.7 million dollars was earned through Internet commerce in 2004.But, there are
12、 risks involved with this e-commerce. For example, the Federal Trade Commission estimates that more than 52,000 million dollars in goods and services were purchased last year through identity theft. Identity thieves steal personal information from Americans. They collect Social Security numbers, ban
13、king records and telephone numbers. They use this information to request loans, or to get credit cards in the name of the victim. Identity thieves often use computer viruses to collect a victims personal information. They may also use spyware. These are programs that are loaded onto a computer witho
14、ut the owners knowledge. Spyware follows the computer users online activities. Identity thieves also use another method called Internet “phishing.“ These e-mail messages attempt to collect an Internet users personal information, such as credit card numbers, by acting like a real business. People can
15、 protect themselves from identity theft in several ways. Anti-virus and anti-spyware computer programs can help. So can firewalls. These are programs or devices that limit information coming through an Internet connection. Banks and individuals can also use Fob technology. A fob is a small device co
16、nnected to a computer. Every sixty seconds it creates a special series of numbers, or a code. A computer user must type the code created at the exact minute that the user wants to see his or her online financial information or bank records. Advertisers interested in selling products over the Interne
17、t may use adware to identify possible buyers. Adware is a software program sent with free files or programs to a computer. Once loaded onto a computer, adware can collect information about a persons interests. Adware can use this information to provide targeted sales messages to the computer user. T
18、hese unwanted sales messages are sent through a persons e-mail. They can also be a problem for people using an Internet browser to find information. In this case, pop-up blockers can help. A pop-up blocker is a computer program that prevents unwanted sales messages from opening. One of the most popu
19、lar kinds of communication on the Internet is through personal Web sites called blogs. Blog is a shortened name for a Web log. Anyone can create his or her own blog. A blog may contain stories, pictures, links to other Web sites and comments from visitors. Some people add information to their blogs
20、every day. Blogs offer a way to present news and political or personal information. Blogs have become a place for public expression on many subjects. The Blog Herald estimates that there are more than 60 million blogs around the world. People who have blogs are called bloggers. In the United States,
21、 many well known people have blogs. So do many other Americans, including teenagers and college students. Even United States soldiers serving in Iraq and Afghanistan are blogging. Troops are using their mailblogs to share opinions, emotions and memories of lost soldiers. The United States military r
22、estricts troops from writing personal information about other soldiers. It also restricts operational security information from being published in a biog. You can find blogs about a subject by using a special search engine created by Google. The Web address is blogsearch, google, com. Google is one
23、of the most popular “search engines“ for the Internet. People use a search engine to find information about almost any subject on the Web. There are many ways to link computers with other forms of communication. For example, mobile telephones can send voice messages, color photographs and written in
24、formation called text messages. They can even receive electronic mail. Small hand-held computer devices can store and read electronic books. Starting in 2006, the world s largest software company - Microsoft - will offer one hundred thousand books from the British Librarys collection. People will be
25、 able to search and read the literature on the Internet for free. Google has started its own project. The company has put thousands of library books and documents on the Internet. In October, 2005, Google gave three million dollars to help the United States Library of Congress create a World Digital
26、 Library on the Web. This will be a collection of rare books, documents, maps and other materials from Americas library and other national libraries. The head of the Library of Congress says people will be able to learn about other cultures without traveling farther than the nearest computer. （分数：71
27、.00）(1).The passage mainly describes how different nations struggle against U.S. control over domain names. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).ICANN is primarily in charge of the selling and buying of domain names. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).As a prevalent way of communication, blogs are used by most people on the
28、Internet in the United States. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Many countries, including China, believe that the World Wide Web should be administrated by the U.N. instead of the U. S. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).The information put on personal Blogs can be browsed by unfamiliar net users. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).
29、The European Union indicates the non-profit organization of ICANN can ensure a safe online environment. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Once spyware or adware programs are loaded onto a computer, it may collect the users personal information. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Personal information that may be attained b
30、y identity thieves includes_. （分数：7.10）_(9).By the year of 2007, the population using the Internet may incease to more than_ people. （分数：7.10）_(10).Internet users may adopt anti-virus and anti-spyware computer programs,_ in order to safeguard themselves against-identity theft. （分数：7.10）_三、Listening
31、Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.To study fashion designing.B.To look at pretty girls.C.To review lesson for an exam.D.To collect materials for a classroom presentation.A.All day.B.Only in the afternoon .C.Only in the morning.D.The same as during the week.A.$884.B.$848.C.$751.D.$571.A.Playing volleyball.
32、B.Swimming.C.Skating.D.Watching TV.A.The train is late.B.The train is crowded.C.The train is empty.D.The train is on time.A.She misplaced her class card for biology.B.She arrived for registration too early.C.She missed registration.D.The man cannot spell her name.A.She found it interesting.B.She fou
33、nd it boring.C.She found it informative.D.She found it enjoyable.A.A newspaper story.B.A situational dialog.C.A job vacancy.D.The Internet service.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.The handbag is brown.B.The handbag has a flap over the top.C.The handbag is a shoulder bag.D.The handbag is not made of leat
34、her.A.Her driving license.B.Her money.C.Her passport.D.Her address book.A.At the reception desk.B.In the brasserie.C.In her room.D.At the hotel bank.A.Mexico.B.Canada.C.Japan.D.China.A.It is too expensive.B.He is too lazy.C.He is too busy.D.He doesnt want.A.5:00.B.9:30.C.10:00.D.Midnight.A.A person
35、is doing a job which he likes very much.B.A person is doing a job which he doesnt like.C.A person is doing a job which he is not suited for.D.A person is doing a job which he thinks very important.A.Because it will make a person earn a lot of money.B.Because many people in the world dont want to be
36、square pegs.C.Because good jobs make them happy.D.Because it will make full use of their talents.A.Businessmen, managers and accountants.B.Chemists, physicists and biologists.C.Governors, doctors and teachers.D.Engineers, public servants and news reporters.A.Watching traditional plays.B.Visiting the
37、 magnificent libraries.C.Boating on the river.D.Cycling in narrow streets.A.There are many visitors there.B.There are many students there.C.There are many old streets there.D.There are many bicycles there.A.He thinks the city is too crowded.B.He likes the place very much.C.He thinks the streets are
38、too narrow.D.He admires the comfortable life of the students there.A.To seek adventure there.B.To be with her mother on Christmas.C.To see the animals and plants there.D.To join her father on Christmas.A.She was seriously injured.B.She survived the accident.C.She lost consciousness.D.She fell into a
39、 stream.A.To avoid hostile Indians.B.To avoid the rain.C.To avoid the strong sunlight.D.To avoid wild animals.A.They gave Julia food to eat.B.They drove Julia to a hospital.C.They invited Julia to their hut.D.They took Julia to a village by boat.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Money spent on advertising
40、is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid (36) 1of goods at reasonable prices, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at (37) 2 prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps (38) 3to raise standards of living.
41、By helping to increase demand it (39) 4an increased need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight (40) 5. It lowers the costs of many (41) 6: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television (42) 7would need to be doubled, and trave
42、l by bus or tube would cost more. And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a (43) 8 of reasonable value in the products and you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern, the terms of advertising, (44) 9. He might fool some people for a little while through
43、misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, (45) 10. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
44、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Sugar is so much a part of our modern life that we only really think about it when, for some reason, we cannot obtain it. It has been known to man for at least 3,000 years, but has come into common use only in modern times. Until quite recently i
45、t was considered as a medicine and as a luxury for the very rich only. Sugar is, then, very important to our civilization. But what exactly is it? Of course, most of us recognize sugar immediately as the sweet material which we put in coffee or cakes. This common form of sugar is derived from two pl
46、ants: the sugar cane (a type of grass which grows to a height of twenty feet) and the sugar beet (which grows underground). But there are in fact many types of sugar, and the chemist recognizes hundreds of different varieties, each coming from a different source. About 90% of the sugar produced as f
47、ood. Only 10% is used in industry for purposes other than food production. Yet sugar has great possibilities for use as the basis of chemicals. It can even be used for making plastics. In the future these potential uses will certainly be developed more than in the past. There are many reasons why we should increase the production of sugar. Most important is that it is one of the most highly concentrated of energy foods. Thus sugar cane and beet produce an average of 7, 000,000 calories per acre. In this way they have the advantage over potatoes which give only 4,000,000, whil
