1、大学英语四级 142 及答案解析(总分：746.52，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed to write a composition according to the picture. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline. （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Fis
2、h Oil Much has been made of the benefits of oil derived from fish. It is claimed that people with a diet rich in fish oil have a greatly reduced chance of heart disease and arteriosclerosis. In addition, it has been shown conclusively that people suffering from elevated blood lipids react positively
3、 to treatment using fish oils. limits Diet and Diseases The advantages of fish oil became apparent after studies some two decades ago of the diet of the Inuit, or Erkimo, populations of Greenland. It was found that the Inuit, with their traditional diet of seal, whale and Arctic fish a diet very hig
4、h in fat suffered practically no heart disease, had near zero incidence of diabetes, and enjoyed a comparatively low rate of rheumatoid arthritis. (Interestingly, incidence of cancer, equal to that found in most other parts of the world, appeared unaffected by the traditional Inuit diet.) Few Heart
5、Attack Deaths Until the work of Dyberg and Bang in the 1970s, little attention was paid to the implications of a fish-rich diet, despite a centuries-old knowledge of Inuit customs. The two researchers noted that in one community of 1,800 people there were only three heart attack deaths between 1950
6、and 1974. To understand why, they examined the Inuits blood lipids and diet. Omega-3 fatty acids featured strongly in the bloodstream of the research subjects, directly attributable to diet. A Comparison between the Inuits in Greenland and those in Denmark In order to rule out genetic or racial fact
7、ors from their findings, Dyberg and Bang went on to compare the Greenland Inuit communities with those Inuit residing in Denmark who consumed a diet almost identical to that of the Danes. The Inuit in Denmark, particularly those who had been there for longer periods, were shown to have higher blood
8、cholesterol levels and significantly higher serum triglyceride levels than their Greenland counterparts. In fact, the levels of the Westernized Inuits matched those of the Danes themselves, who consume mainly meat, milk products and eggs. As would be expected, levels of heart disease and arterioscle
9、rosis of the Inuit well-established in Denmark were far closer to those of the Danes man those of the Greenland Inuit. The findings, according to the researchers, indicated an Omega-3 deficiency in the Danish diet compared with the Greenland diet. Findings in Japan Similar findings come from Japan.
10、A comparison of the diets of farmers and fishermen, together with an examination of health records and death rates of the two groups, has shown a link between the health of the human heart and fish oil. Whereas the average Japanese farmer has 90 grams of fish a day, the average fisherman has 250 gra
11、ms. In all other respects, their diets are similar. Correspondingly, fishermen have lower blood pressure and lower rates of heart disease and rheumatoid arthritis. This compares with the 20 grams eaten daily by the average person in the US, where rates of heart disease and arteriosclerosis are five
12、to seven times higher than in Japan. Fish Oils Effects in the Treatment of Hyperlipidaemic Patients Its high Omerga-3 content and easy digestibility make fish oil particularly useful in the treatment of hyperlipidaemic patients. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between dosage of salmon oil
13、 and plasma triglyceride concentrations. Specifically, it has been found that the consumption of three grams of salmon oil per day by such patients reduces their plasma triglyceride levels some 32 per cent. For patients given six grams, the levels fall by 41 per cent, and for those taking nine grams
14、, concentrations dropped an average of 52 per cent. The table below gives the Omega-3 contents of several fish varieties as compared with a selection of vegetable-based oils and butterfat. （分数：71.00）(1).It is concluded that fish oils is effective in the treatment of elevated blood lipids.（分数：7.10）A.
15、YB.NC.NG(2).Diabetes is rare among the Greenland Inuit.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The Greenland Inuits rheumatoid arthritis levels are the lowest in the world.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Little was known about Inuit life in Greenland before the work of Dyberg and Bang.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Blood cholesterol
16、 levels of the Denmark Inuit were lower than those of the Danes.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Research in Japan generally supports the findings of Dyberg and Bang with regard to the effects of fish oil.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Greenland Inuit and Japanese fishermen consume similar amounts of Omega-3 fatty ac
17、ids.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The Danish Inuit consumes 1 almost identical to that of their Greenland counterparts.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).The average Americans rate of heart disease and arteriosclerosis are 1 higher than the Japanese.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).It is found that consumption of nine grams of salmo
18、n oil per day can reduce the plasma triglyceride by 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.He went to see his schoolmate.B.He went to see a film with his friend.C.He watched television with his friend.D.He stayed at home talking with his friend.A.Who are going to attend the meetin
19、g.B.Whats to be discussed at the meeting.C.Where the meeting is to be held.D.When the meeting is to be held.A.The arrangement of the Wednesday meeting.B.Where they are going to meet Mr. Johnson.C.The necessity of writing to Mr. Johnson.D.Who is going to contact Mr. Johnson.A.The tape was missing.B.T
20、he tape had been returned to Paul.C.Jack lent his tape to Paul.D.Jack brought the tape to the party.A.The man reserved a room some time ago.B.The man wants to buy a flat on the second floor.C.The man has booked a room with no bath.D.The man wants to reserve a room.A.The paperback edition is on sale.
21、B.Both editions are the same price now.C.It has two editions with the same cover.D.The hardcover edition is more expensive.A.He has the best TV sets for sale.B.His TV sets have a good sale.C.His TV sets are all of the same brand.D.He doesnt have the newest models right now.A.He has to read a history
22、 book.B.He is too busy to go with her.C.He has already visited the museum.D.He must hand in a report about the museum.A.They are entertaining.B.They are time-consuming.C.They are boring.D.They are rewarding.A.A raincoat.B.A runny day.C.A lovely hat.D.An attractive hut.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Sh
23、e is from Austria.B.She is from Australia.C.She is from Denmark.D.She is from England.A.They are talking about public bars.B.They are talking about drinking wine.C.They are talking about going to the bar.D.They are talking about womens liberation.A.In Melbourne.B.In Copenhagen.C.In Sydney.D.In Canbe
24、rra.A.Because the two women wanted to drink beer and didnt move.B.Because it was illegal for the two women to enter the public bar.C.Because the event was printed in the newspaper.D.Because the two women chained themselves to the public bar.A.Once.B.Twice.C.Three times.D.Four times.A.He is quite dou
25、btful.B.He is quite sure.C.He doesnt have any opinion.D.Impossible.A.Traveling abroad.B.Going to the park.C.Eating out with his wife and children tonight.D.Playing football.A.Continue to play football.B.Train young footballers.C.Work in football.D.Write a book about football.A.Posters allow people t
26、o eat poorly.B.A bad diet is a symptom of social, cultural, and economic problems.C.Poor people are not aware of the four food groups.D.Alcohol contributes to a bad diet.A.They are not the solution to dietary problems.B.They do not illustrate all the food groups.C.They are not based on medical resea
27、rch.D.They are only to wealthy people.A.Cultural problems.B.Social problems.C.Economic problems.D.Physical problems.A.How to improve your reasoning ability.B.Why classical music is popular with math students.C.The difference between classical music and rock music.D.The effects of music on the result
28、s of math tests.A.Because it keeps you calm.B.Because it strengthens your memory.C.Because it stimulates your nerve activity.D.Because it improves your problem solving strategies.A.The effects of music do not last long.B.Piano music could interfere with your reasoning ability.C.Music, whether classi
29、cal or rock, helps improve your memory.D.The more you listen to music, the higher your test scores will be.A.Singing.B.Driving.C.High notes.D.Long walks.A.She liked to be in the open air.B.The rest of her family didnt like her very much.C.She could see cars and people come and go.D.She didnt want to
30、 disturb the rest of her family.A.He wanted to watch Mrs. Jones singing.B.He was misled into thinking the tires had gone wrong.C.He hoped to give Mrs. Jones a lift.D.He didnt know how to get to the nearest town.A.Confused.B.Disappointed.C.Angry.D.Ashamed.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The word laser sta
31、nds for “light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation“. To many people lasers are very (36) 1, but a laser is simply a (37) 2that produces a very strong light. The light from a laser is called (38) 3 light because it is light that moves in only one direction. In contrast, in light, like t
32、he light form the sun or a light , (39) 4, moves away from its (40) 5in all directions and (41) 6in a narrow beam. As soon as the laser was developed, scientists began thinking of practical (42) 7for it. One of the earliest uses was to make extremely (43) 8measurements of distance and speed. As time
33、 passed, many more for the laser were developed. (44) 9. From laser printers to technology by which whole encyclopedias of information can be stored on a laser disk (called a CD-ROM) and read by a computer, lasers are revolutionizing computers. Lasers have also made a big difference in the way telep
34、hones work. Instead of changing sound waves to electricity that travels through copper wire, (45) 10. One such fiber can carry more than a million conversations at the same time! (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题
35、数：2，分数：355.00)According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, todays traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的 )“ than at any time in the 17 years of the poll. Not surprising in these hard times, the students major objective
36、 is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting. Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic“ fields is at a low. On the other hand, enr
37、ollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up. Thats no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job - even before she completed her two-year associate deg
38、ree. While its true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions - be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true
39、that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs. Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of
40、business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run! But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a c
41、onference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): “Miss Baxter, he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong? From the long-term point of view, thats what education really ought to be about. （分数：177.50）(1).According to the authors observation, college
42、students_.（分数：35.50）A.have never been so materialistic as todayB.have never been so interested in the artsC.have never been so financially well off as todayD.have never attached so much importance to moral sense(2).The students criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with_.（分数：35.50）A.th
43、e influences of their instructorsB.the financial goals they seek in lifeC.their own interpretations of the coursesD.their understanding of the contributions of others(3).By saying “While its true that, be they scientific or artistic (Lines 1-3, Para. 5), the author means that_.（分数：35.50）A.business m
44、anagement should be included in educational programsB.human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speedC.human intellectual development has reached new heightsD.the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked(4).Studying the diverse wisdom of others can_.（分数：35.50）A.create v
45、arying artistic interestsB.help people see things in their right perspectiveC.help improve connections among peopleD.regulate the behavior of modern people(5).Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?（分数：35.50）A.Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.B.Manag
46、ers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.C.People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.D.Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.How old is “old“? The answer has changed over the years. Two hundred years ago, you were old at 35. That was the average life ex
47、pectancy then. At the turn of the 19th century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life expectancy increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years. So, how old is old? The answer is one youve heard many times,
48、from all sorts of people. “You are as old (or young) as you feel.“ The calendar simply tells you how many years you have lived. Your body tells you how well youve lived. “Youth“, wrote an unknown author, “is not a time of life-it is a state of mind. Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by deserting (抛弃) their ideals.“ Old is a point of view. Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City Commission for the Aging, said, “It annoys me when people say, Ge
