1、大学英语四级 140及答案解析(总分：746.57，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. You should write at least 120 words, and bas a your composition on the outline given below in Chinese: 假设你是即将参加一英语考试的学生，需要几本相关参考书，请写封信给一书店销售部，你的信应包括： 1. 详细说明你想买的
2、那本书的特点； 2. 咨询付款方式； 3. 确定送货时间及方式。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Adventures in Foreign Languages It could reasonably be argued that, for those of us who live in the USA and speak English as our native tongue, there is very little motivation to learn a foreign language. We can travel
3、 for thousands of miles and still be surrounded by native English speakers. We can easily spend our entire lives without having any real need to speak another language. It is even possible to comfortably visit many tourist destinations around the globe, speaking only English. Clearly, learning a for
4、eign language is a non-essential skill in our society. Benefits in learning a foreign language Nevertheless, learning a foreign language offers several possible benefits. Some of the commonly stated benefits are: Fosters a feeling of international community, by promoting an awareness of other cultur
5、es and countries. Enriches our understanding of our own language, by bringing grammatical structures and word roots into sharper focus. This may be especially true when studying languages that share linguistic elements with English. The study of linguistics, and learning to think and speak in anothe
6、r language, offers its own intrinsic pleasures and rewards. Language can be fun. Opens up the possibilities of reading non-English literature. Expands global travel opportunities. Linguistic adventure I think these are good reasons, so I wanted to provide my children with some exposure to foreign la
7、nguages. But what language should I teach? What language am I qualified to teach? I took four years of French in high school (and got straight As), but I never reached any real level of fluency, and I have retained very little of the small amount of French I once knew. Is there any language that I c
8、ould realistically learn/teach alongside my children? Id like to tell you about our linguistic adventures, and where we ended up. After a bit of research, I settled on Spanish for our first foray into foreign languages. But how should I teach it, given that I dont know Spanish myself? I know of one
9、family who hired a full-time Spanish nanny to communicate to the children only in Spanish. It worked very effectively for them, but this was not an option for my family. Another option would be to take my children once a week to a private instructor. Many families find this to be the most practical
10、way to learn a foreign language. Yet I have also heard many families complain that their children have learned surprisingly little from such classes. Perhaps they have learned a bit of vocabulary (colors, parts of the body, numbers, etc.), but they are still unable to express themselves in the secon
11、d language, or construct any sentences beyond a few drilled-in, rehearsed phrases. Deciding on Esperanto So I went back to the drawing board and did some more web research, looking for a language or method that would allow us to discover some of the joy that can come from learning a foreign language
12、. By sheer luck, I stumbled across a little-known language, and within just a few hours of reading about it, I knew it was exactly what I was looking for! The language was Esperanto. When I tell people that were learning Esperanto, I usually get some strange looks. But thats okay. When I tell people
13、 we home school, I often get strange looks as well; Im used to doing things that are outside of the mainstream. And as with home schooling, it can be very difficult to sum up in a couple of sentences all the reasons why its so worth while, particularly to someone who may already have preconceptions
14、to the contrary. Why is Esperanto unique? So for those of you who know very little about Esperanto, I hope youll indulge me for a moment. I would like to explain some of the features that make it such a unique language, and elaborate on why I think it is such a wonderful pedagogical tool for explori
15、ng foreign languages. Esperanto was invented in 1887 by L. L. Zamenhof, a Polish physician. Invented? Yes, thats right, Esperanto was invented. Zamenhofs vision was that Esperanto would become the worlds second tongue, breaking down language barriers in Europe and throughout the world. Obviously, Es
16、peranto has not (yet?) become the worlds common language, so in this respect, Esperanto did not live up to the dream of its creator. Because of this, many people, if they have even heard of Esperanto at all, are only vaguely aware of it as some sort of “failed“ experiment in creating a common langua
17、ge. Nevertheless, the reality is that Esperanto has flourished, and only 120 years after its conception, is now studied and spoken by people all over the globe. It lives and evolves just like other languages, and it can be used to express all facets of human thought and emotion. Yet a majority of th
18、ese Esperanto speakers learned the language through self-directed study or correspondence courses! Although all languages require effort to learn, Esperanto is astonishingly simple when compared to a native language. The key to its simplicity is its consistency and regularity. For example, each lett
19、er has exactly one phonetic sound, no exceptions. Each word has the accent on the second-to-last syllable, no exceptions. All words ending in “o“ are nouns. All words ending in “a“ are adjectives. All words ending in “e“ are adverbs. Unlike many foreign languages, inanimate nouns are not categorized
20、 as “masculine“ or “feminine“. Verb conjugation is very straightforward, and there are no irregular verbs. Another key facet of Esperanto is that it has a powerful system of word building, making it easy to form new words out of roots and affixes you already know. Since a large part of learning a la
21、nguage involves accumulating vocabulary, this word-building system means that in Esperanto you need to learn only, say, a tenth as many word roots to ex press the same number of concepts as you would in another language. But simplicity is not reason enough to learn a language. So lets take a look at
22、 how Esperanto measures up in achieving the benefits of a foreign language program. Looking back at the list from the beginning of the article, lets consider those issues point by point. Esperanto is an international language Belonging to no particular country, Esperanto is truly an international la
23、nguage. Within two months of beginning Esperanto, my kids were exchanging postcards in Esperanto with children from Russia, France, Sweden, Poland, and Uzbekistan. I am delighted that they have had this opportunity to feel connected to people from all over the globe. My children dont expect everyone
24、 to learn English; nor do they expect to learn every other language. But they are eager to communicate with anyone willing to meet them halfway. Most of the Esperanto word roots are derived from Latin. This means that you can en joy very similar English vocabulary-building benefits by learning Esper
25、anto, with a small fraction of the effort. Furthermore, Esperanto uses grammar-coded word endings to make the parts of speech and grammatical structure of each sentence exceptionally clear. Since Esperanto is only a century old, there is not a huge body of Esperanto-only literature. Nevertheless, th
26、ere are over a hundred original Esperanto novels and collections of poetry, as well as many outstanding translations of works from other countries. Esperanto magazines report current events from the perspectives of people all over the world. By learning Esperanto, you become part of an international
27、 “club“ of people genuinely interested in meeting and communicating with people from other lands. There are lists you can obtain of Esperantists from countries around the world, eager to host visitors, and give them an insiders look at their culture and community. I know several Esperantists who hav
28、e used these lists to travel the world inexpensively, making new friends, and seeing the world in a decidedly non-touristy way. I can hear some of you thinking, “It sounds interesting, but 1 really, really want my kids to learn Spanish (or French, or Japanese, or whatever). We dont have time to spen
29、d on Esperanto.“ Amazingly, study after study has shown that learning Esperanto has no cost! For example, in one study, a control group of high school students took four years of French, while the experimental group took one year of Esperanto followed by three years of French. At the end of high sch
30、ool, the experimental group had greater fluency in French! In other words, the benefits they gained from studying Esperanto more than offset the time lost from studying another language. （分数：71.00）(1).The passage focuses on the need for Americans to Learn foreign languages. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Th
31、e writer believes that Americans do not learn foreign languages largely because they are lazy. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The writer believes that learning a foreign language can help a person understand their own language better. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Most Americans, like the writer, learn French at h
32、igh school. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Most Esperanto speakers learnt it by traveling and meeting other Esperanto speakers. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Esperanto is most popular with Europeans. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Learning Esperanto has been demonstrated to help with learning other foreign languages. （分数：
33、7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The writer discovered Esperanto while doing 1 on foreign language learning. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Esperanto can be considered as a neutral language because it belongs to 1. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).It is possible to get 1 of Esperanto speakers and visit them. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening
34、 Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Company and customer.B.Repairman and customer.C.Teacher and students parent.D.Wife and husband.A.She didnt like working in a company.B.She disliked machines.C.She was not good at doing business.D.She didnt like accounting.A.He has some money to buy a new car.B.He fails i
35、n borrowing enough money from the woman.C.He will spend much money on his house.D.He wants to buy a new house and a new car.A.He had much trouble with his pronunciation.B.He began studying English too early.C.No one can understand him.D.He knew nothing about English.A.Frustration.B.Joy.C.Excitement.
36、D.Sorrow.A.He likes to go out of town.B.He cant attend.C.He never attends novel reading.D.He isnt going out of town next week.A.He doesnt like that kind of food.B.The woman can do some cooking herself.C.He doesnt intend to buy them.D.The woman should stop looking at him.A.Mrs. Fisher wants to go abr
37、oad.B.Mrs. Fisher is in hospital.C.Mrs. Fisher has no family.D.There are three people in Mrs. Fishers family.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.19.B.28.C.36.D.42.A.They are an unexpected and unnatural disaster.B.They are an irreversible chemical production in waters.C.They are an unpreventable pollution t
38、o waters.D.They are an explosive, wild growth of aquatic organisms.A.Natural influences.B.Red tide organisms.C.Human activities.D.Dead aquatic animals.A.The possible cease operation of aquacultural production.B.Efforts to be made to enhance peoples awareness about red tides.C.An early-warning system
39、 and a nationwide mechanism for red tides.D.The establishment of law and law-enforcing department.A.Linguistics.B.Politics.C.Psychology.D.LiteratureA.War.B.Human and Nature.C.Mass media.D.Anti-terrorism.A.In a library.B.In a classroom.C.In a teachers office.D.In a school canteen.A.9.B.10.C.13.D.15.A
40、.To protect persons and property.B.To collect taxes.C.To teach and train citizens.D.To save natural resources for future use.A.By selling services that make life comfortable.B.By selling land-containing oil.C.By selling public lands.D.By selling coal and other natural products.A.Environmental pollut
41、ion and protection.B.Taxes and services for the public.C.Police efforts to protect people.D.Peoples attitude toward taxes.A.Practical experience and ability.B.Years of patient practice.C.A degree certificate.D.A set of course of instructions.A.Because he had no paper.B.Because he had no degree.C.Bec
42、ause he had no practical skills.D.Because he couldnt put up with the pressure.A.The author is very optimistic.B.Too much emphasis has been given to degree education while less to practical skills.C.Education in modern times is totally a failure.D.The author is quite pessimistic.A.An examination of f
43、anners in northern Japan.B.Tests given on a thousand old people.C.Examining the brain volumes of different people.D.Using computer technology.A.Our brain contract as we grow old.B.One part of the brain does not contract.C.Sixty-year olds have better brains than thirty-year olds.D.Some peoples brains
44、 have contracted earlier than other peoples.A.Most of us should take more exercise.B.Its better to live in the town.C.The brain contracts if it is not used.D.The more one uses his brain, the sooner he becomes old.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Doctors perform transplant operations to replace tissue or o
45、rgans in a person who is sick or injured. Organ transplants help save (36) 1of lives each year. The year of 2004 marked the (37) 2anniversary of the first successful transplant of a human organ. An American medical team performed the first successful organ transplant on December 23, 1954. The patien
46、t, Richard Herrick, was (38) 3 from a kidney (39) 4. Doctor Joseph Murray gave Richard a kidney from his twin brother, Ronald. Ronald had the same (40) 5as Richard. Richard survived for eight more years with the kidney. In 1990, Doctor Murray was given the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work. The f
47、irst transplant operation was carried out in (41) 6. A German doctor placed skin from a womans leg on her nose. By 1863, a (42) 7 scientist showed that the body rejects tissue transplants from one person to another. Forty years later, a German scientist found that this rejection was carried out by t
48、he bodys defense system (43) 8the foreign tissue. Rejection continued to be a problem well into the 20th century. In 1958, doctor Jean Dausset discovered a system for tissue matching. (44) 9. In 1972, Swiss scientist Jean Borel discovered that the drug cyclosporine (环孢菌素)could stop the body from rejecting the new organ or tissue. (45) 10. Experts say (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Unless we
