1、大学英语四级 138 及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an Application for Admittance. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: Your role: Li Jin Your application should include: (1) 写明申请学校和所学专业。
2、(2) 提供申请人的个人资历。 (3) 索取申请学校相关的申请表等。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Health Care and Epidemics (流行病) Everyone suffers from disease at some time or another. However, millions of people around the world do not have good health care. Sometimes they have no money to pay for medical treatm
3、ent. Sometimes they have money, but there is no doctor. Sometimes the doctor does not know how to treat the disease, and sometimes there is no treatment. Some people are afraid of doctors. When these conditions are present in large population centers, epidemics can start. Epidemics can change histor
4、y. Explorations and wars cause different groups of people to come into contact with other. They carry strange disease to each other. For example, when the Europeans first came to North and South America, they brought diseases with them that killed about 95 percent of the Native American population.
5、People are very afraid of unknown things, especially diseases. People have all kinds of ideas about how to prevent and treat disease. Some people think that if you eat lots of onions or garlic, you won t get sick. Others say you should take huge amounts of vitamins. Scientific experiments have not p
6、roved most of these theories. However, people still spend millions of dollars on vitamins and other probably useless treatments or preventatives. Some people want antibiotics whenever they get sick. Some antibiotics are very expensive. Much of this money is wasted because some diseases are caused by
7、 a virus. Viruses are even smaller than bacteria, and they cause different kinds of diseases. Antibiotics are useless against viruses. Because of their fear, people can be cruel to victims of disease. Sometimes they fire them from their jobs, throw them out of their apartments, and refuse them trans
8、portation services. In the plague (瘟疫) epidemics a few hundred years ago, people simply covered the doors and windows of the victim s houses and left them to die inside, all in an effort to protect themselves from getting sick. Doctors know how most epidemic diseases spread. Some, like tuberculosis,
9、 are spread when people s sneeze (喷嚏) sends the bacteria shooting out into the air. Then they enter the mouth or nose of anyone nearby. Others are spread through human contact, such as on the hands. When you are sick and blow your nose, you get viruses or bacteria on your hands. Then you touch anoth
10、er person s hand, and when that person touches his or her mouth, nose, or eyes, the disease enters the body. Some diseases spread when people touch the same dishes, towels, and furniture. You can pick up a disease when you touch things in public buildings. Other diseases are spread through insects s
11、uch as flies, mosquitoes, and ticks. One disease that causes frequent, worldwide epidemics is influenza, or flu for short. The symptoms (症状) of influenza include headache and sometimes a runny nose. Some victims get sick to their stomachs. These symptoms are similar to symptoms of other, milder dise
12、ases. Influenza can be a much more serious disease, especially for pregnant women, people over sixty-five, and people already suffering from another disease, such as heart problems. About half of all flu patients have a high body temperature, called a fever. Flu is very contagious. One person catche
13、s the flu from another person; it doesnt begin inside the body as heart disease does. Sometimes medicine can relieve the symptoms. That is, it can make a person cough less, make headaches less intense, and stop noses from running for a while. However, medicine can t always cure the disease. So far,
14、there is no cure for many diseases and no medicine to prevent them. People have to try to prevent them in other ways. Some diseases can be prevented by vaccination (接种疫苗). A liquid vaccine is injected into the arm or taken by mouth and the person is safe from catching that disease. Other diseases ca
15、n be prevented by good health habits, such as drinking only clean water, boiling water that might carry disease, and washing the hands often. Epidemics usually start in areas of large population. Poor people in big cities who live crowded together in miserable conditions have the most health problem
16、s. They often have the least education about disease prevention. For example, it is difficult for a person who has no electricity to refrigerate food or boil drinking water. With no money, the person can t even buy soap to wash his or her hands. Disease prevention costs much less than disease treatm
17、ent. It seems completely illogical, but some countries like the United States spend much more health-care money on treatment for diseases than on programs to prevent disease in the first place. Most doctors and other hospital workers stay in their institutions. Only a few doctors go out into the str
18、eets of the poor areas to educate the people. Only a few doctors and some nurses vaccinate people and supervise them to make sure they take their medicine. Most people who help the poor people with their health problems are volunteers. How can you use all this information for your own good health? W
19、hen someone you know becomes ill, try to avoid physical contact with that person. If you get sick yourself, keep your towel and dishes separate from everyone else s. Try not to touch things that belong to others. Don t touch other people, and don t shake hands. Explain why, however-you dont want peo
20、ple to think you are impolite. Wash your hands often if you are ill or if anyone around you is ill. Researchers continue searching for a way to cure or prevent epidemic diseases. Meanwhile, it is worth the money for governments to provide preventative health care for all of their people. Preventing
21、epidemics is much cheaper than stopping them after they have started and thousands of people are ill. （分数：71.00）(1).This passage is mainly about how epidemics spread and how to prevent in advance. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).When there are no efficient doctors in large population centers, epidemics start
22、. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Antibiotics have no effect on diseases caused by viruses. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).In the past, epidemics spread much faster than at present. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).The symptoms of influenza are quite similar to those of other more serious diseases. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Peop
23、le in remote areas who live in miserable conditions have the most health problems. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).The United States spend much more money on programs to prevent diseases than on treatment for diseases. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Besides pregnant women, people over sixty-five, Influenza can be an
24、 especially serious disease for people 1. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Epidemic diseases usually spread through peoples sneeze, human contact, and 1. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).Diseases can be prevented by means of vaccination or 1. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.He had only one foot.B.He
25、was five feet tall.C.He is six feet tall now.D.He was almost six feet tall.A.In an insurance company.B.At the railway station.C.At the post office.D.At the customs.A.A farmer.B.A dramatist.C.An actor.D.A politician.A.She hopes that she will do better during the interview.B.She could not forget about
26、 her interview.C.She forgot to take the interview.D.She thought the interview was pleasant.A.Exciting.B.Interesting.C.Moving.D.Dull.A.Students should wait a moment after class.B.Students should be careful in the examination.C.Students should pay attention to the time.D.Students should prepare for th
27、e exam early.A.He agrees with her.B.He expresses no opinion.C.He is angry with her remarks.D.He wants to get rid of the woman.A.It ran into a field.B.It ran into a river.C.It was badly damaged.D.It turned over and fell off the road.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.It has broken down before.B.She general
28、ly doesnt allow people to borrow it.C.She is trying to sell it.D.She bought it from a friend.A.It shouldnt cost a lot to repair.B.Its probably difficult to drive.C.The woman could probably fix it herself.D.Its rather small.A.He will probably overcharge her.B.He is one of her neighbors.C.He only work
29、s on new cars.D.He has fixed her car before.A.Help the woman pay the mechanics bill.B.Help the woman fix her car.C.Take the woman to her home.D.Test-drive the womans car.A.The speakers wanted coffee.B.The man lost money.C.The student center was crowded.D.The woman needed to make a phone call.A.The t
30、ime.B.The money.C.The coffee.D.The test.A.They decided that they did not want any coffee.B.They thought that the student center would be closed.C.They thought that the student center would be crowded.D.The man lost his money in the vending machine.A.It grows easily in various conditions.B.It gives h
31、igher yields than other grain crops.C.It is delicious but inexpensive.D.It can be cooked in many ways.A.Tomato juice.B.Chocolate beans.C.Sweet corn.D.Fried potatoes.A.They brought great wealth to Spain.B.They led to the discovery of America.C.They made native American lifestyles known.D.They made na
32、tive American foods popular.A.Cats and humans are similar creatures.B.Cat naps can get rid of tiredness.C.Cat naps can make peoples moods better.D.Cat napping is a way to build up bodys energy.A.They were well-known.B.They were energetic.C.They were frequently napping during the day.D.They could wor
33、k late into night by napping.A.Cats are animals of habit.B.People may benefit from the cats behavior.C.Take naps in order to live long.D.Cats are lovely pets.A.Doctor.B.Pet keeper.C.News reporter.D.Scientist.A.He was wounded in the Spanish civil war.B.He was interested in the study of wild animals.C
34、.He started the organization Heifer International.D.He sold his cows to many countries in the world.A.To help starving families to become self-supporting.B.To make plans for the development of poor communities.C.To teach people how to use new skills to raise animals.D.To distribute food to the poor
35、around the world.A.They should help other families the way they have been helped.B.They should offer all baby animals to their poor neighbors.C.They should submit a report of their needs and goals.D.They should provide food for the local communities.A.It has improved animal breeding skills all over
36、the world.B.It has helped relieve hunger in some developing countries.C.It has promoted international exchange of farming technology.D.It has bridged the gap between the rich and the poor in America.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sending and reading (36) 1has quickly become one of the most (37) 2daily a
37、ctivities around the world, either for (38) 3or pleasure. Now, more and more teachers and students are using this form of (39) 4to improve their language skills, particularly English. Several reasons why has become a great tool are that it is fast, (40) 5, and affordable. One particular activity tha
38、t takes (41) 6of these points is a keypal (42) 7. In the past, teachers often organized pen friends (43) 8where their students would letters with another group of students in another country. However, (44) 9, and by that time, students might lose interest in the or the class might end before a serie
39、s of meaningful s can take place. Furthermore, (45) 10. With , however, messages can be sent at a click of a button at school, home, or an Internet cafe, and if you are using a free account, the cost is free (not taking into account any Internet Service Provider fees you have to pay). (46) 11. （分数：1
40、0.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)In the formal place settings, many people are afraid they will fail to choose the proper utensil (器具)for the stages of the meal. Just remember this point: use the outermost utensi
41、l or utensils, one set for each course, and you cant go wrong. Because for a formal place setting, you will receive exactly as much silverware as you will need, arranged in precisely the right order. Developing the habit of taking a moment to observe can be very useful in preventing awkward mistakes
42、. At smaller events, it is common to wait to take a bite until everyone at the table has received a serving and the hostess has begun eating. Sometimes a hostess may urge her guests to eat immediately upon receiving the food. This is especially true at larger events, where waiting for everyone would
43、 allow it to get cold. In this case, wait until one or two of the other guests are ready to begin as well, so that you are not the only person at the table who is eating. Elbows, elbows, if youre able keep your elbows off the table! Sit up straight, with your arms held near your body. You should nei
44、ther lean on the back of the chair nor bend forward to place the elbows on the table. It is permissible to lean forward slightly every now and then and press the elbows very lightly against the edge of the table, if it is obvious that you are not using them for support. When you are eating soup, dip
45、 the spoon into the soup, moving it away from the body, until it is about two-thirds full, then sip the liquid (without slurping) from the side of the spoon (without inserting the whole bowl of the spoon into the mouth). It is perfectly fine to tilt the bowl slightly again away from the body to get
46、the last spoonful or two of soup. The general rule for removing food from your mouth is that it should go out the same way it went in. Therefore, a piece of bone discovered in a bite of chicken should be returned to the plate by way of the fork. Fish is an exception to the rule. It is fine to remove
47、 the tiny bones with your fingers, since they would be difficult to drop from your mouth onto the fork. （分数：177.50）(1).What is the right order when using the tableware in the formal place settings?（分数：35.50）A.You may take any one as you like.B.Start from the one that is most distant from the center
48、or inside.C.You should use the one in the center first.D.You can use the one that is nearest to your right hand first.(2).What may be the proper time to start to eat when you are at smaller banquets?（分数：35.50）A.Wait until your host makes a toast and starts to eat.B.Wait until everyone at the table gets his share of food and the hostess has begun to eat.C.When the elder people take a bite.D.Wait until all the other guests start to eat.(3).Which of the following statement is true?（分数：35.50）A.You may place your el
