1、大学英语四级 135 及答案解析(总分：746.52，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Views on Cloning. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1有人认为克隆技术的应用利大于弊，理由是 2也有人认为弊大于利， 3我的看法 （分数：30.00）_二、Re
2、ading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Worlds Top Distance Races Weve scoured the globe to find the worlds best distance events and weve found the following races which you simply must run if you get the chance. A Swiss Alpine Races This is as beautiful and tortuous as it sounds: the Swiss Alpine races t
3、ake runners through verdant upland meadows and deep woods on primitive running trails. Runners travel through tunnels, over high wooden bridges, up flights of steps and through mountain villages, with only yodelling spectators to break the silence. Two of the three races (the 28-kilometre Landwasser
4、lauf and the 67-kilometre “marathon“) begin benignly enough on a stadium track in Davos( at 5,000 m). a centre for high-altitude sports training in Europe. The mid-distance Sertiglauf covers the last 39 kilometres of the marathon course, providing runners with the challenge of crossing the 3,000m Se
5、rtig Pass. Founded as recently as 1986. the races already attract more than 2,000 runners from over 20 countries to the south-eastern. Germanspeaking quadrant of Switzerland. A training camp, held the week before the race, includes alpine running and hiking in the mountains to help runners to acclim
6、atise to the altitude. B Stramilano 15km it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art. Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of
7、computers. But this is quite different form saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-
8、making. Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly“. Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase “learning to use a computer“
9、 mean? It sounds like “learning to drive a car“, that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a computer. In fact, “learning to use a computer“ is much more like “learning to play a game“, but learning the rules of one game may not help you pla
10、y a second game, whose rules may not be the same. There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to use a computer. One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished. （分数：177.50）(1).To be the competent citizens of tomorrow, people should_.（分数：35.50）A.t
11、ry to lay a solid foundation in computer scienceB.be aware of how the things that they use do what they doC.learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skillsD.understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car(2).In the second paragraph “violin-making“ is mentio
12、ned to show that_.（分数：35.50）A.programming a computer is as interesting as making a violinB.our society needs experts in different fieldsC.violin-making requires as much skill as computer programmingD.people who can use computer dont necessarily have to know computer programming(3).Learning to use a
13、computer is getting easier all the time because_.（分数：35.50）A.programs are becoming less complicatedB.programs are designed to be convenient to usersC.programming is becoming easier and easierD.programs are becoming readily available to computer users(4).According to the author, the phrase “learning
14、to use a computer“ (Line 3, Para. 3) means learning_.（分数：35.50）A.a set of rulesB.the fundamentals of computer scienceC.specific programsD.general principles of programming(5).The authors purpose in writing this passage is_.（分数：35.50）A.to stress the impact of the computer on societyB.to explain the c
15、oncept of computer literacyC.to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrowD.to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging jobUnless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids (小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it,
16、say some scientists. Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids (流星) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and dont threaten us, But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth. Buy $ 50 million worth of new telescopes
17、 fight now. Then spend $ 10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, well have a way to change its Course. Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldnt be cheap. Is it
18、 worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1) How likely the event is; and 2) How bad the consequences ff the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. Sounds pretty rare m but if one did fall, it wo
19、uld be the end of the world. “If we dont take care of these big asteroids, theyll take care of us,“ says one scientist. “Its that simple.“ The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting a- round on Earth? “The world has less to fear from doomsd
20、ay (毁灭性的) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them,“ said a New York Times article. （分数：177.50）(1).What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids?（分数：35.50）A.They are heavenly bodies different in composition.B.They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.C.There are more astero
21、ids than meteoroids.D.Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids.(2).What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?（分数：35.50）A.It is very unlikely but the danger exists.B.Such a collision might occur once every 25 years.C.Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur mor
22、e often than expected.D.Its still too early to say whether such a collision might occur.(3).What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids?（分数：35.50）A.It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem.B.It may create more problems than it might so
23、lve.C.It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely.D.Further research should be done before it is proved applicable.(4).We can conclude from the passage that _.（分数：35.50）A.while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the worldB.asteroids rac
24、ing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near futureC.the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetimeD.workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth(5).Which of the following best des
25、cribes the authors tone in this passage?（分数：35.50）A.Optimistic.B.Critical.C.Objective.D.Arbitrary.八、Section B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Since the majority of Indian reservations are in the arid West, it is understandable that water has been a central environmental issue. By 1900, whites actively competed with
26、Indians for this (47) 1 resource. At one Indian Reservation in Montana, white settlers diverted (使转向) water from the Milk River. When ordered to stop, they argued that the Indians had not made prior appropriation use. In 1908 the Supreme Court ruled in Winters v. United States that in establishing r
27、eservations, Congress implied and reserved the priority water rights necessary for (48) 2 and future use. Encouraged by the Winters decision, the Indian Bureau used Indian funds to construct elaborate irrigation (灌溉) systems to protect Indian water and improve the (49) 3 potential of the allotted la
28、nd. Irrigation promised to change the landscape and increase Indian self-sufficiency, but the systems suffered from poor construction, improper use and (50) 4, and often ended up in the hands of white (51) 5 who bought up the best Indian lands. Twentieth-century big dam projects also had unforeseen
29、consequences for Indians and their lands. As part of the Newlands Project in 1905, the government dammed and diverted the Truckee River for white irrigation. The diversion of water nearly killed Pyramid Lake. During the New Deal, the government completed numerous, if not always successful, water pro
30、jects on western reservations. Since the 1930s, dams on the Columbia River have prevented the migration of some fishes, flooded sacred sites and Indian fisheries (渔场), and (52) 6 upstream spawning grounds. On the Missouri River, the Pick-Sloan Plan for damming and flood control proved (53) 7 for Ind
31、ians of the nearby reservations. They watched the waters cover rich agricultural lands, villages, and sacred sites in the name of (54) 8. Similar things happened in the 1960s and 1970s. Today, these dams raise important environmental issues of water flow through reservations, of aquatic (水生的) specie
32、s (55) 9 and Indian fishing rights, and the ownership and sale of water. While the Winters Doctrine assured Indian water rights, it never quantified those rights. The issue of how much water tribes can legitimately use and sell has become (56) 10 in the arid West, especially for tribes in states mem
33、ber to the Colorado River Compact. Word Bank A) settlers B) critical C) progress D) beneficial E) ruined F) present G) function H) scarce I) term J) disastrous K) preservation L) agricultural M) maintenance N) appropriate O) decisions （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
34、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Cloze (15 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：71.00)For the past two years, I have been working on students evaluation of classroom teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversations 【B1】 some 300 students from at 【B2】 twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally 【B3】 and d
35、irect in their comments 【B4】 how course work could be better 【B5】 Most of their remarks were kindly 【B6】 with tolerance rather than bitterness and frequently were softened by the 【B7】 that the students were speaking 【B8】 some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless, 【B9】 the following suggestions and co
36、mments indicate, students feel 【B10】 with things as they are in the classroom. Professors should be 【B11】 from reading lecture notes. “It makes their 【B12】 monotonous (单调的).“ If they are going to read, why not 【B13】 out copies of the lecture? Then we 【B14】 need to go to class. Professors should 【B15
37、】 repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook. “【B16】 weve read the material, we want to 【B17】 it or hear it elaborated on, 【B18】 repeated.“ “A lot of students hate to buy a 【B19】 text that the professor has written 【B20】 to have his lectures repeat it.“ （分数：71.00）A.involvingB.countingC.c
38、overingD.figuringA.bestB.leastC.lengthD.largeA.reservedB.hard-workingC.politeD.frankA.overB.atC.onD.ofA.presentedB.submittedC.describedD.writtenA.receivedB.addressedC.madeD.takenA.occasionB.truthC.caseD.factA.onB.aboutC.atD.withA.thoughB.asC.whetherD.ifA.dissatisfiedB.unsatisfactoryC.satisfiedD.sati
39、sfactoryA.interferedB.interruptedC.discouragedD.disturbedA.voicesB.soundsC.pronunciationD.gesturesA.holdB.leaveC.dropD.giveA.couldntB.wouldntC.mustntD.shouldntA.refuseB.prohibitC.preventD.avoidA.OnceB.UntilC.HoweverD.UnlessA.rememberB.argueC.discussD.keepA.yetB.notC.andD.orA.desiredB.revisedC.requir
40、edD.deservedA.aboutB.howC.butD.only十、Translation (5 minu(总题数：5，分数：177.50)4._(要将英英词典放在手边) , and when you cannot, interpret a word with accuracy, you may refer to it anytime.（分数：35.50）_5._(就我所知) , this is the first British rider who has won the competition.（分数：35.50）_6._(尽管发了洪水) , the ship had reached
41、 its destination on time.（分数：35.50）_7.Nobody knows how the universe_(开始形成)（分数：35.50）_8.The boys_(退学)and went to work（分数：35.50）_大学英语四级 135 答案解析(总分：746.52，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Views on Cloning.
42、 You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1有人认为克隆技术的应用利大于弊，理由是 2也有人认为弊大于利， 3我的看法 （分数：30.00）_正确答案：( Views on Cloning Almost everyone would agree that the birth of Dolly, as the first clone of an adult animal, has opened a new way of seeing the creation of life for the wo
43、rld. But this agreement ceases to exist just when it comes to whether cloning will bring fortunes or misfortunes to human society. Many contend that the merits of cloning will outrun (超过) its demerits. They base their contention on the grounds that cloning is the most effective method of saving the
44、rare wild lives from dying out. Besides, as they also point out, cloning can help provide better ways to treat some serious or deadly sicknesses, such as diabetes, and Parkinsons disease. Yet others react to the issue the other way around and hold that the opposite is just reasonable. From their ang
45、le of view, cloning will threaten the ecological balance (生态平衡) by destroying the natural reproduction through the enjoyment of sexual love between the male and the female. And even worse, as they reveal, cloning will bring greater disasters to human society if it is used in creation of individuals
46、with extreme genetic qualities, like terrorists, desperate scoundrels (无赖), and war manias (狂热). I stick to the opinion that anything new, including cloning, can bring human society fortunes or misfortunes, all depending on how it is exploited. On the one hand, it will be an inestimable blessing to the human world if it is applied to reproduction of best dairy cows or other choice domestic poultries. But on the other hand, it will form a big threat to human society once it is abused in copying those hostile toward humanity.
