1、大学英语四级 109 及答案解析(总分：746.57，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on ability and good appearance in job-hunting. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1、在工作中，传统观点认为能力比相貌更重要 2、现在有人认为相貌比能力更重要
2、 3、阐述你的观点 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)How to Prevent Insomnia Do you have trouble falling asleep? Do you fall asleep easily, then wake up 5 hours later and cant fall back asleep? Do you wake up several times during the night and have trouble staying asleep? If so, you are one of
3、 over 100 million Americans who experience some form of insomnia (失眠) and your sleep may be improved by better sleep habits. Tips for better daytime habits Do not nap during the day. If you are having trouble sleeping at night, try not to nap during the day because you will throw off your body clock
4、 and make it even more difficult to sleep at night. If you are feeling especially tired, and feel as if you absolutely must nap, be sure to sleep for less than 30 minutes, early in the day. Limit caffeine and alcohol. Avoid drinking caffeinated or alcoholic beverages for several hours before bedtime
5、. Although alcohol may initially act as a sedative (镇定剂), it can interrupt normal sleep patterns. Dont smoke. Nicotine is a stimulant and can make it difficult to fall asleep and stay asleep. Many over-the-counter and prescription drugs disrupt sleep. Expose yourself to bright light/sunlight soon af
6、ter awakening. This will help to regulate your bodys natural biological clock. Likewise, try to keep your bedroom dark while you are sleeping so that the light will not interfere with your rest. Exercise early in the day. Twenty to thirty minutes of exercise every day can help you sleep, but be sure
7、 to exercise in the morning or afternoon. Exercise stimulates the body and aerobic activity before bedtime may make falling asleep more difficult. Check your iron level. Iron deficient women tend to have more problems sleeping. So if your blood is iron poor, a supplement might help your health and y
8、our ability to sleep. Tips for a better sleep environment Make sure your bed is large enough and comfortable. If you are disturbed by a restless bedmate, switch to a queen- or king-size bed. Test different types of mattresses. Try therapeutic (治疗的) shaped foam pillows that cradle your neck or extra
9、pillows that help you sleep on your side. Get comfortable cotton sheets. Make your bedroom primarily a place for sleeping. It is not a good idea to use your bed for paying bills, doing work, etc. Help your body recognize that this is a place for rest. Keep your bedroom peaceful and comfortable. Make
10、 sure your room is well ventilated and the temperature consistent. And try to keep it quiet. You could use a fan or a “white noise“ machine to help block outside noises. Hide your clock. A big, illuminated digital clock may cause you to focus on the time and make you feel stressed and anxious. Place
11、 your clock so you cant see the time when you are in bed. Tips for a better pre-sleep ritual Keep a regular schedule. Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time everyday, even on the weekends. Keeping a regular schedule will help your body expect sleep at the same time each day. Dont oversleep to
12、 make up for a poor nights sleep doing that for even a couple of days can reset your body clock and make it hard for you to get to sleep at night. Incorporate bedtime rituals. Listening to soft music, sipping a cup of herbal tea, etc., cues your body that its time to slow down and begin to prepare f
13、or sleep. Relax for a while before going to bed. Spending quiet time can make falling asleep easier. This may include meditation, relaxation and/or breathing exercises, or taking a warm bam. Try listening to recorded relaxation or guided imagery programs. Dont eat a large, heavy meal before bed. Thi
14、s can cause indigestion and interfere with your normal sleep cycle. Drinking too much fluid before bed can cause you to get up to urinate. Try to eat your dinner at least two hours before bedtime. Bedtime snacks can help. An amino acid called tryptophan, found in milk, turkey, and peanuts, helps the
15、 brain produce serotonin, a chemical that helps you relax. Try drinking warm milk or eat a slice of toast with peanut butter or a bowl of cereal before bedtime. Plus, the warmth may temporarily increase your body temperature and the subsequent drop may hasten sleep. Jot down all of your concerns and
16、 worries. Anxiety excites the nervous system, so your brain sends messages to the adrenal glands, making you more alert. Write down your worries and possible solutions before you go to bed, so you dont need to ruminate in the middle of the night. A journal or “to do“ list may be very helpful in lett
17、ing you put away these concerns until the next day when you are fresh. Go to sleep when you are sleepy. When you feel tired, go to bed. Avoid “over-the-counter“ sleep aids, and make sure that your prescribed medications do not cause insomnia. There is little evidence that supplements and other over-
18、the-counter “sleep aids“ are effective. In some cases, there are safety concerns. Antihistamine (抗组胺剂) sleep aids, in particular, have a long duration of action and can cause daytime drowsiness. Always talk to your doctor or healthcare practitioner about your concerns! Tips for getting back to sleep
19、 Do visualization. Focus all your attention on your toes or visualize walking down an endless stairwell. Thinking about repetitive or mindless things will help your brain to shut down and adjust to sleep. Get out of bed if unable to sleep. Dont lie in bed awake. Go into another room and do something
20、 relaxing until you feel sleepy. Worrying about falling asleep actually keeps many people awake. Dont do anything stimulating. Dont read anything job-related or watch a stimulating TV program (commercials and news shows tend to be alerting). Dont expose yourself to bright light. The light gives cues
21、 to your brain that it is time to wake up. Consider changing your bedtime. If you are experiencing sleeplessness or insomnia consistently, think about going to bed later so that the time you spend in bed is spent sleeping. If you are only getting five hours of sleep at night, figure out what time yo
22、u need to get up and subtract five hours (for example, if you want to get up at 6:00 am, go to bed at 1:00 am). This may seem counterproductive (反效果的) and, at first, you may be depriving yourself of some sleep, but it can help train your body to sleep consistently while in bed. When you are spending
23、 all of your time in bed sleeping, you can gradually sleep more, by adding 15 minutes at a time. （分数：71.00）(1).Though only a few people suffer from some form of insomnia, you still have a chance to get it treated.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).If you have trouble sleeping at night, you should never take a n
24、ap during the day.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Alcohol can serve as a sedative, so it can be used to improve your sleep.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Iron deficiency may result in sleeping problems for women.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).To ensure a good sleep environment, your bedroom should be solely kept for rest an
25、d sleeping instead of handling other businesses.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).If you have a poor sleep the previous night, you can sleep for a few more hours in the morning to make up for it.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Youd better take a warm bath for half an hour so that you can fall asleep easily.（分数：7.10）A.Y
26、B.NC.NG(8).If you still have some concern in your mind before you go to sleep, you may_.（分数：7.10）_(9).To avoid sleeping problems, you shouldnt_ or watch stimulating TV programs.（分数：7.10）_(10).As to whether supplements and other over-the-counter “sleep aids“ are effective, there_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listenin
27、g Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.The wind has stopped, but its still snowing.B.The snow has stopped.C.Its still snowing and the wind is blowing.D.Both the snow and the wind have stopped.A.He will take a summer course.B.He will stay at home.C.He will remain at school.D.He will visit some places.A.At hom
28、e.B.On a farm.C.At a birthday party.D.In a restaurant.A.The man has just started talking to the woman.B.The man has just finished talking to the woman.C.The man and the woman are husband and wife.D.The man and the woman are indifferent to each other.A.Cooler and drier.B.Cooler and rainier.C.Warmer a
29、nd drier.D.Warmer and rainier.A.The train is crowded.B.The train is late.C.The train is empty.D.The train is on time.A.She misplaced class card for biology.B.She arrived for registration too early.C.She missed registration.D.The man cannot spell her name.A.In the restaurant.B.At the railway station.
30、C.In the post office.D.At the airport.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.A present for her mother.B.A present for a friend.C.A present for her father.D.A present for her brother.A.There isnt a place to put pictures.B.Its too big and heavy.C.She doesnt like the color.D.Its of poor quality.A.She helps her m
31、other with housework.B.She does a part-time job.C.She borrows it from a friend.D.She saves it out of her allowance.A.A black wallet.B.A brown belt.C.A tie.D.A hat.A.He didnt really enjoy it very much.B.He liked its story, but the music was awful.C.He enjoyed every minute of the movie.D.He was excite
32、d with the development of the story.A.The usher.B.The people sitting next.C.The people sitting in front of him.D.The people standing in the back.A.The man was cutting jokes all the time.B.The woman was talking about her boss.C.The woman was making comments on the performance of the actress.D.The man
33、 was telling the woman the entire story of the movie.A.An examination of fanners in northern Japan.B.Tests given on a thousand old people.C.Examining the brain volumes of different people.D.Using computer technology.A.Our brain contract as we grow old.B.One part of the brain does not contract.C.Sixt
34、y-year olds have better brains than thirty-year olds.D.Some peoples brains have contracted earlier than other peoples.A.Most of us should take more exercise.B.Its better to live in the town.C.The brain contracts if it is not used.D.The more one uses his brain, the sooner he becomes old.A.Call on peo
35、ple to protect sharks.B.Point out the living environment of sharks.C.Explain why the sharks are dangerous.D.An introduction to sharks.A.By good sense of water waves made by quarries.B.By good sense of smell and electrical magnetic power.C.By good sense of light.D.By good sense of blood.A.Bone struct
36、ure.B.Smell ability.C.Birth mode.D.Recover ability against disease.A.Their tasty meat.B.The principle of their defense system against disease.C.Their solid skin.D.The principle of their birth modes.A.The number of students they take in is limited.B.They receive little or no support from public taxes
37、.C.They are only open to children from rich families.D.They have to pay more taxes.A.Private schools admit more students.B.Private schools charge less than religious schools.C.Private schools run a variety of programs.D.Private schools allow students to enjoy more freedom.A.The churches.B.The progra
38、m designers.C.The local authorities.D.The state government.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Its never too early to (36) 1 your skinor your childrensfrom the sun. The sun produces (37) 2 rays(38) 3 A (UVA) and B (UVB) that can cause short - and longterm skin damage. The immediate effects of harmful (39) 4(
39、40) 5, photosensitive (41) 6, and cell and (42) 7 damageare bad enough. But (43) 8 experts believe that (44) 9. Health experts also believe that UVA may weaken the immune system. (45) 10. Using sunscreens regularly on children, for example, can reduce their risk of skin damage later in life. Sunscre
40、ens provide some protection by blocking the suns rays on the skin. They are labeled with a sun protection factor (SPF): (46) 11. But no sunscreen totally blocks the suns rays. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.0
41、0)In a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come, work and live here? In the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressing. On Dec. 11, 2001, as part of the effort to increase homeland security, federal and local authorit
42、ies in 14 states staged “Operation Safe Travel“ raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification (身份证明). In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests. But those captured were anything but terrorists, most of them illegal immigrants from Central or South America. Authorities said the undocu
43、mented workers illegal status made them open to blackmail (讹诈) by terrorists. May or immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods. Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent. “ Were saying w
44、e want you to work in these places, were going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when its convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in term of national security, especially after Sept. 11, then youre disposable. There are whole families being uprooted for all
45、of the wrong reasons,“ Anderson said. If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America, probably indefinitely. Ana Castro, a manager at a Ben and 2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroi
46、d big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. Sounds pretty rare but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world. “If we dont take care of these big asteroids, theyll take care of us,“ says one scientist. “Its that simple.“ The cure, though, might be worse t
47、han the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? “The world has less to fear from doomsday (毁灭性的) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them,“ said a New York Times article. （分数：177.50）(1).What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids?（分数：35.50）A.They are heavenly bodies different in composition.B.They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.C.There are more asteroids than meteoroids.D.Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids.(2).What do scientists say about the collision of an astero
