1、大学英语四级 107及答案解析(总分：746.54，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter of refusal. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese: 假设朋友 Gary 邀请你参加一个聚会，但你因故不能参加，写信向他说明原因，并祝聚会成功。 （分
2、数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)SAVING LANGUAGE There is nothing unusual about a single language dying. Communities have come and gone throughout history, and with them their language. But what is happening today is extraordinary, judged by the standards of the past. It is language ex
3、tinction on a large scale. According to the best estimates, there are some 6, 000 languages in the world. Of course, about half are going to die out in the course of the next century: thats 3,000 language in 1,200 months. On average, there is a language dying out somewhere in the world every two wee
4、ks or so. How do we know? In the course of the past two or three decades, linguists all over the world have been gathering comparative data. If they find a language with just a few speakers left, and nobody is bothering to pass the language on to the children, they conclude that language is bound to
5、 die out soon. And we have to draw the same conclusion if a language has less than 100 speakers. It is not likely to last very long. A 1999 survey shows that 97 per cent of the worlds languages are spoken by just four percent of the people. It is too late to do anything to help many languages, where
6、 the speakers are too few or too old, and where the community is too busy just trying to survive to care about their language. But many languages are not in such a serious position. Often, where languages are seriously endangered, there are things that can be done to give new life to them. It is cal
7、led revitalization. Once a community realizes that its language is in danger, it can start to introduce measures which can genuinely revitalize. The community itself must want to save its language. The culture of which it is a part must need to have a respect for minority languages. There need to be
8、 funding to support courses, materials, and teachers. And there need to be linguists to get on with the basic task of putting the language down on paper. Thats the bottom line: getting the language documentedrecorded, analyzed, written down. People must be able to read and write down. People must be
9、 able to read and write if they and their language are to have a future in an increasingly computer-literate civilization. But can we save a few thousand languages, just like that? Yes, if the will and funding were available. It is not cheap getting linguists into the field, training local analysts,
10、 supporting the community with language resources and teachers, compiling grammars and dictionaries, writing materials for use in schools. It takes time, lots of it, to revitalize an endangered language. Conditions vary so much that it is difficult to generalize, but a figure of $ 900 millions, is n
11、ot only stopping its steady decline towards extinction but showing signs of real growth. Two language Acts protect the status of Welsh now, and its presence is increasingly in evidence wherever you travel in Wales. On the other side of the world, Maori in New Zealand has been maintained by a system
12、of so-called “language nests“, first introduced in 1982. These are organizations which provide children under five with a domestic setting in which they are all intensively exposed to the language. The staff are all Maori speakers from the local community. The hope is that the children will keep the
13、ir Maori skills alive after leaving the nests, and that as they grow older they will in turn become role models to a new generation of young children. There are cases like this all over the world. And when the reviving language is associated with a degree of political autonomy, the growth can be esp
14、ecially striking, as shown by Faroese, spoken in the Faroe Islands, after the islanders received a measure of autonomy from Denmark. In Switzerland, Romansch was facing a difficult situation, spoken in five very different dialects, with small and diminishing numbers, as young people left their commu
15、nity numbers in the German-speaking cities. The solution here was the creation in the 1980s of a unified written language for all these dialects. Romansch Grischun, as it is now called, has official status in parts of Switzerland, and is being increasingly used in spoken form on radio and television
16、. A language can be brought back from the very brink of extinction. The Ainu language of Japan, after many years of neglect and repression, had reached a stage where there were only eight fluent speakers left, all elderly. However, new government policies brought fresh attitudes and a positive inter
17、est in survival. Several “semispeakers“ people who become unwilling to speak Ainu because of the negative attitudes by Japanese speakers were prompted to become active speakers again. There is fresh interest now and the language is more publicly available than it has been for years. If good descript
18、ions and materials arc available, even extinct languages can be revived. Kaurna, from South Australia, is an example. This language had been extinct for about a century, but had been quite well documented. So, when a strong movement grew for its revival, it was possible to reconstruct it. The revise
19、d language is not the same as the original, of course. It lacks the range that the original had, and much of the old vocabulary. But it can nonetheless act as a badge of present-day identity for its people. And as long as people continue to value it as a true marker of their identity, and are prepar
20、ed to keep using it, it will develop new functions and new vocabulary, as any other living language would do. It is too soon to predict the future of these revived languages, but in some parts of the world they are attracting precisely the range of positive attitudes and grass roots support which ar
21、e the preconditions for language survival. In such unexpected but heart-warming ways might we see the grand total of languages in the world increased. （分数：71.00）(1).The rate at which languages are becoming extinct has increased.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Research on the subject of language extinction be
22、gan in the 1990s.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).In order to survive, a language needs to be spoken by more than 100 people.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Language extinct more quickly in certain parts of the world than in others.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).The small community whose language is under threat can take meas
23、ures to revitalize the language.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).A few thousand languages can be saved if enough funds are raised to do so.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).A extinct language can never be revived no matter what you do about it.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Romansch Gri schun is a (an)_language in parts of Swit
24、zerland.（分数：7.10）_(9).The example of Ainu illustrates that a language can be saved_.（分数：7.10）_(10).The preconditions for a language to survive is the peoples_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.At a theatre.B.At a booking office.C.At a railway station.D.At a restaurant.A.The man is in
25、viting the woman to dinner.B.The woman is too busy to join the man for dinner.C.The woman is a friend of the Stevensons.D.The man is going to visit the Stevensons.A.The professors presentation was not convincing enough.B.The professors lecture notes were too complicated.C.The professor spoke with a
26、strong accent,D.The professor spoke too fastA.The furnished apartment was inexpensive.B.The apartment was provided with some old furniture.C.The furniture in the market was on sale every Sunday.D.The furniture he bought was very cheap.A.The man is thinking about taking a new job.B.The man likes a jo
27、b that enables him to travel.C.The man is sure that he will gain more by taking the job.D.The man doesnt want to stay home and take care of their child.A.Take the GRE test again in 8 weeks.B.Call to check his scores.C.Be patient and wait.D.Inquire when the test scores are released.A.She read it sele
28、ctively.B.She went over it chapter by chapter.C.She read it slowly.D.She finished it at a stretch.A.He was kept in hospital for a long time.B.He was slightly injured in a traffic accident.C.He was seriously wounded in a mine explosion.D.He was fined for speeding.A.Wait for a taxi.B.Buy some food.C.G
29、o on a trip.D.Book train tickets.A.Its not as hard as expected.B.Its too tough for some students.C.Its much more difficult than people think.D.Its believed to be the hardest optional course.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.They may not be able to take their vacation.B.It may snow during their vacation.C
30、.They are going to need more money.D.They may miss graduation.A.They are going skiing.B.Their plans include other friends.C.They will drive together.D.Their reservations have been canceled.A.He might lose his financial aid.B.He doesnt want to attend summer classes.C.He had already missed too many.D.
31、Hes afraid he might not graduate.A.She wants to find a job in this summer to pay for tuition fees.B.She lives far away from her parents.C.She will have no time to visit her parents in this summer.D.She doesnt miss her parents.A.They traveled around there.B.They taught English there.C.They did geolog
32、ical research there.D.They served as volunteer workers there.A.Her bills are already too high.B.She has enough money to pay off tuition fees.C.She prefers to be independent.D.She is disqualified to get a loan.A.They are delighted because they can enjoy the scenery while driving.B.They are frightened
33、 because traffic accidents are frequent.C.They are irritated because the bridge is jammed with cars.D.They are pleased because it saves them much time.A.They dont have their own cars to drive to work.B.Many of them are romantic by temperature.C.Most of them enjoy the drinks on the boat.D.They tend t
34、o be more friendly to each other.A.Many welcome the idea of having more bars on board.B.Many prefer the ferry to maintain its present speed.C.Some suggest improving the design of the deck.D.Some object to using larger luxury boats.A.Beauty.B.Loyalty.C.Luck.D.Durability.A.He wanted to follow the trad
35、ition of his country.B.He believed that it symbolized an everlasting marriage.C.It was thought a blood vessel in that finger led directly to the heart.D.It was supposed that the diamond on that finger would bring good luck.A.The two people can learn about each others likes and dislikes.B.The two peo
36、ple can have time to decide if they are a good match.C.The two people can have time to shop for their new home.D.The two people can earn enough money for their wedding.A.A film.B.A radio programme.C.A book.D.A TV programme.A.Four.B.Forty.C.Eight.D.A number of.A.A U. S. serviceman.B.A producer.C.A co
37、rrespondent.D.A Kuwait worker.A.A Just War.B.After the War Was Over.C.A War, Doubted but Rewarding.D.A War, Worthless and Meaningless.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)From Monday until Friday, most people are busy working or studying, but in the evenings and on (36) 1they are free to relax and enjoy thems
38、elves. Some watch television or go to the movies; others (37) 2in sports. It depends on (38) 3 interests. There are many different ways to spend our (39) 4time. Almost everyone has some kinds of (40 ) 5. It may be anything from collecting stamps to making model airplane. Some hobbies are very (41) 6
39、, but others dont cost anything at all. Some collections are worth a lot of money, while others are (42) 7only to their owners. I know a man who has a (43) 8collection worth several thousand dollars. (44) 9. On the other hand, my youngest sister collects matchboxes. She has almost 600 of them but I
40、doubt if they are worth any money. (45) 10. Thats what a means, I guess. (46) 11.The value in dollars is not important, but the pleasure it gives us is. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Although your Chinese
41、 host will not expect you to know everything about proper banquet behavior, he will greatly appreciate it when you are displaying some knowledge of the subject, because it shows that you have respect for Chinese culture, manners and traditions. Banquets are usually held in restaurants in private roo
42、ms that have been reserved for the purpose. You will be met at the door and guided to the banquet room. Traditionally, the head of your delegation should enter the room first. Do not be surprised if your hosts greet you with a loud round of applause. The proper response is to applaud back. Seating a
43、rrangements, which are based on rank, are stricter than in the West. Guests should never assume that they may sit where they please and should wait for hosts to guide them to their places. Traditionally, the Chinese regard the right side as the superior and the left side as the inferior. Therefore o
44、n formal occasions, including meetings and banquets, the host invariably arranges for the main guests to sit on his right side. At very formal banquets, people do not begin to eat until the principal host served a portion to the principal guest. Or, the host may simply raise his chopsticks and annou
45、nce that eating has begun. After this point, one may serve oneself any food in any amount. Remember to go slow on eating. Dont fill yourself up when five courses are left to go. To stop eating in the middle of a banquet is rude, and your host may incorrectly think that something has been done to off
46、end you. Drinking takes an important place in Chinese banquets. Toasting is necessary, and the drinking of spirits begins only after the host has made a toast at the beginning of the meal. When he says the words gan bei, which means bottoms up, all present should drain their glasses. After this init
47、ial toast, drinking and toasting are open to all. Subsequent toasts can be made from person to person or to the group as a whole. No words are needed to make a toast, and it is not necessary to drain your glass, although to do so is more respectful. （分数：177.50）(1).According to the passage, when you
48、are invited to dinner in China, your host_.（分数：35.50）A.will assume that you know very well about the Chinese culture.B.will be pleased if you do have some knowledge of the proper banquet behavior.C.will explain to you the proper banquet etiquette before dinner.D.will require you to show respect for Ch
