1、大学英语四级-229 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.泥人张“泥人张”是中国北方流传的一种民间彩塑，深得当地百姓喜爱。它创始于清代(the Qing Dynasty)末年，至今已有 180 多年的历史。“泥人张”的创始人叫张明山，生于天津，家境贫寒，从小跟父亲以捏泥人(clay figure)为业。张明山的泥人，有民间故事中的人物，也有小说、戏曲中的角色，有现实生活中的劳动人民，有正面人物，还有反面人物。因此，他的作品具有浓厚的趣味性。 （分数：20.00）_2.中国象棋中国象棋属于二人对抗战略型棋盘游戏，是最受欢迎的棋盘游戏之一。在中国古代，象棋被列为士大夫们的修身
2、之艺，现在则被视为一种益智的活动。象棋由两人轮流走子，以“将死”对方的将(帅)为胜。象棋棋盘共有 64 格，中间的“河界”将之分为两个“敌对”的部分。每人各有棋子 16 枚，包括 1 枚将(帅)、2 枚马、2 枚车(chariot)、2 枚象(相)、2 枚士(仕)、2 枚炮和 5 枚兵(pawn)(卒)。一般而言，执红色棋子的一方先走子。 （分数：20.00）_3.汉字汉语是一种很古老的语言。大量文献记载说明，汉字起源于新石器时代(the Neolithic Age)仰韶文化时期，最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化出不同的书写形式，例如篆书(seal script)、隶书
3、(official script)、楷书(regular script)和行书(cursive handwriting)。中国书法家笔下的汉字往往以字形的夸张取得艺术效果，例如一些旅游胜地的石刻碑文。 （分数：20.00）_4.西安古都西安，一座闪烁着古代文明和高科技之光的历史文化名城。西安古名长安，是世界四大古都之一。踏上这古老的黄土地，无处不在的是千古文人(literati)名士(people with literary reputation)传诵于世的古风古韵。历史文化的沉积，造就了一个著名的旅游城市。西安，这座让游人流连忘返的城市，在很久以前就享有“通史博物馆(General Hist
4、ory Museum)”的美誉。 （分数：20.00）_5.人口老龄化人口老龄化(the aging of population)牵涉到政治、经济、文化和社会发展诸多方面，带来了一系列问题，如：社会负担加重，社会文化福利(welfare)事业的发展与人口老龄化不适应，家庭养老功能(role of the family in providing for the elderly)减弱，老年人对医疗保健、生活服务的需求突出等。为了适应人口老龄化的发展，目前，许多国家或地区都在积极探索和制定相应的对策，为老年事业努力。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级-229 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间
5、：90 分钟)1.泥人张“泥人张”是中国北方流传的一种民间彩塑，深得当地百姓喜爱。它创始于清代(the Qing Dynasty)末年，至今已有 180 多年的历史。“泥人张”的创始人叫张明山，生于天津，家境贫寒，从小跟父亲以捏泥人(clay figure)为业。张明山的泥人，有民间故事中的人物，也有小说、戏曲中的角色，有现实生活中的劳动人民，有正面人物，还有反面人物。因此，他的作品具有浓厚的趣味性。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The “Clay Figure Zhang“The “Clay Figure Zhang“ is a kind of folk painted scu
6、lpture which is popular in Northern China, and deeply appreciated by local people. Its appearance can be dated back to late Qing Dynasty, having a history of more than 180 years until now. The “Clay Figure Zhang“ was founded by Zhang Mingshan, who was born in Tianjin. He had been living his life by
7、making clay figures with his father since childhood because of the poverty of his family. Zhang“s clay figures are based on the figures in folk stories together with characters in novels and traditional Chinese operas and working people in real life. Those figures can be positive or negative. Theref
8、ore, his works are of great interestingness.2.中国象棋中国象棋属于二人对抗战略型棋盘游戏，是最受欢迎的棋盘游戏之一。在中国古代，象棋被列为士大夫们的修身之艺，现在则被视为一种益智的活动。象棋由两人轮流走子，以“将死”对方的将(帅)为胜。象棋棋盘共有 64 格，中间的“河界”将之分为两个“敌对”的部分。每人各有棋子 16 枚，包括 1 枚将(帅)、2 枚马、2 枚车(chariot)、2 枚象(相)、2 枚士(仕)、2 枚炮和 5 枚兵(pawn)(卒)。一般而言，执红色棋子的一方先走子。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Chinese C
9、hessChinese chess, known as Xiangqi, is a strategic board game for two players. It is one of the most popular board games. In ancient China, Chinese chess used to be listed as a way for scholar-officials to cultivate their moral characters, while now it“s regarded as a kind of activities to develop
10、intelligence. The two players move by turn in the game with the objective of checkmating the opponent“s general or king. The board itself has 64 squares and has a “river“ in the middle that divides the board into two opposing parts. Each player has 16 pieces, including 1 general (king), 2 horses, 2
11、chariots, 2 elephants (bishops), 2 guards, 2 cannons and 5 pawns. Generally speaking, the player with the red pieces moves first.3.汉字汉语是一种很古老的语言。大量文献记载说明，汉字起源于新石器时代(the Neolithic Age)仰韶文化时期，最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化出不同的书写形式，例如篆书(seal script)、隶书(official script)、楷书(regular script)和行书(cursive handw
12、riting)。中国书法家笔下的汉字往往以字形的夸张取得艺术效果，例如一些旅游胜地的石刻碑文。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Chinese CharactersChinese is a very old language. A host of documental records shows that Chinese characters originated in Yangshao Culture Period of the Neolithic Age, and its earliest characters date back to nearly 4,000 years ag
13、o. During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as seal script, official script, regular script and cursive handwriting. Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in a way that is exaggerated in form to yield art
14、istic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen at some tourist resorts.4.西安古都西安，一座闪烁着古代文明和高科技之光的历史文化名城。西安古名长安，是世界四大古都之一。踏上这古老的黄土地，无处不在的是千古文人(literati)名士(people with literary reputation)传诵于世的古风古韵。历史文化的沉积，造就了一个著名的旅游城市。西安，这座让游人流连忘返的城市，在很久以前就享有“通史博物馆(General History Museum)”的美誉。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：
15、()解析：Xi“anAncient capital Xi“an is a noted historic and cultural city shining the light of ancient civilization and high technology. Xi“an, once called Chang“an, is one of the four ancient capitals of the world. Setting foot on this ancient ground, you can feel ancient customs and rhymes everywhere,
16、 which have been widely read by literati and people with literary reputation for thousands of years. This famous tourism city is created by the sediment of historical culture. Xi“an, a city that let people linger on with no thought of leaving has long enjoyed the good name of the “General History Mu
17、seum“.5.人口老龄化人口老龄化(the aging of population)牵涉到政治、经济、文化和社会发展诸多方面，带来了一系列问题，如：社会负担加重，社会文化福利(welfare)事业的发展与人口老龄化不适应，家庭养老功能(role of the family in providing for the elderly)减弱，老年人对医疗保健、生活服务的需求突出等。为了适应人口老龄化的发展，目前，许多国家或地区都在积极探索和制定相应的对策，为老年事业努力。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Aging of PopulationThe aging of popula
18、tion, which involves politics, economy, culture and social development, brings about a series of problems such as the increasing burden on society, the incompatibility between the growth of social and cultural welfare programs and an aging population, the diminishing role of the family in providing for the elderly, and the pressing need of the elderly for medical care and living services, etc. Currently, in order to adapt to the ongoing trend of population aging, many countries or regions are actively exploring and formulating countermeasures in an effort to improve the cause of the elderly.
