1、大学英语四级-147 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国饮食 (Chinese cuisine)不但花样繁多，而且具有色、香、味、形俱佳的特点。由于中国地域辽阔，各地的物产、气候和生活习惯不同，因此人们的口
2、味也各不相同。例如，南方人口味清淡，北方人口味较重，四川人喜欢吃辣，山西人喜欢吃酸。这样，在中国就形成了各具地方风味特色的菜系。其中，鲁菜、川菜、淮扬菜和粤菜被称为中国的四大菜系。 （分数：10.00）_2.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 闻名于世的丝绸之路是一条连接东西方的重要国际贸易路线。丝绸之路绵延 6,000 多公里，
3、得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东的文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术这四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和 瓷器 (porcelain)传遍全球。欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和作物。 （分数：10.00）_3.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet
4、 2. 中国园林 (the Chinese garden)是历经三千多年演变而形成的独具一格的园林 景观 (landscape)。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、 假山 (rockwork)、树木、花草以及由小路和走廊连接的建筑。 （分数：10.00）_4.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from C
5、hinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国将努力确保到 2015 年就业者平均接受过 13.3 年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数。除了关注高等教育外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力充分利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养。 （分数：10.00）_5.Directions: For this part, you are allowed
6、30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 北京大学成立于 1898 年，其成立标志着中国近代高等教育的开端。这所大学在中国历史上发挥了非常重要的作用，培养了一代又一代的优秀人才，创造了一批又一批重大的科学成果。近年来，北京大学在学术研究方面已经经历了恢复和调整的过程。北京大学正在努力成为一所教育中心和科学研究中心，以便为中国转变为一个高度文明的强大的现代化国家做出积极的贡献。 （分数：10.00）_6.Direction
7、s: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 自从 1978 年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转变为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。平均 10%的 GDP 增长已使五亿多人脱贫。联合国的“ 千年 (millennium)发展目标”在中国均已完成或即将完成。目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。政府已设定目标减
8、少污染，提高能源效率，改善人们接受教育和获得医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。 （分数：10.00）_7.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 今年，全国各地积极推进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变，实施科教 兴国 (rejuvenating our country)和可持续发展战略，国民经济继续保持良好的发展势头，年初确定的宏观调控目标(m
9、acro-regulation targets)有望实现。当前我国经济发展的一个 显著特点 (salient feature)是，既保持了经济的快速增长，又成功地抑制了 通货膨胀 (inflation)。今年各地都加大了国有企业的改革力度，各项试点工作全面展开，全年对外贸易仍将实现适当增长。 （分数：10.00）_8.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answ
10、er Sheet 2. 六十六年来，在 中国共产党 (the Chinese Communist Party)的领导下，各族人民团结奋斗，国家面貌发生了历史性的巨大变化。特别是 中国共产党十一届三中全会 (the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Communist Party Central Committee)以来，在邓小平建设有 中国特色社会主义 (building Socialism with Chinese characteristics)理论的指引下，我们找到了适合本国国情的发展道路，我国的各项事业取得了举世瞩目的成就。现在，中国人民正满怀
11、信心地在改革开放和现代化建设的道路上阔步前进。 （分数：10.00）_9.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 北京是中华人民共和国的首都，也是全国的政治和文化中心。大约 69 万年前， 北京人 (Peking Man)生活在北京西南 48 公里的周口店地区。10 世纪初期，北京成为辽代(Liao Dynasty)的第二个都城。从那
12、时起，北京先后成为金代、元代、明代和清代的首都，直至 1911 年。1949 年 10 月 1 日，毛主席在北京向全世界宣布了中华人民共和国的成立。 （分数：10.00）_10.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2. 北京计划在未来三年投资 7,600 亿元治理污染，从减少 PM 2.5 排放入手。这一新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染
13、源，包括 500 多万辆机动车的 尾气 (exhaust)排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑扬尘。另有 850 亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和 污水 (sewage)处理设施，加上 300 亿元投资未来三年的 植树造林 (forestation)。另外，北京还将更严厉地处罚违反限排规定的行为。 （分数：10.00）_大学英语四级-147 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to transl
14、ate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国饮食 (Chinese cuisine)不但花样繁多，而且具有色、香、味、形俱佳的特点。由于中国地域辽阔，各地的物产、气候和生活习惯不同，因此人们的口味也各不相同。例如，南方人口味清淡，北方人口味较重，四川人喜欢吃辣，山西人喜欢吃酸。这样，在中国就形成了各具地方风味特色的菜系。其中，鲁菜、川菜、淮扬菜和粤菜被称为中国的四大菜系。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Chinese cuisine enjoys
15、 the reputation for its color, scent, taste and design, as well as its variety. Due to the vast territory, abundant resources, varied climates and different living habits in China, people from different places have quite different flavors of food. For instance, southerners like light food while nort
16、herners are on the opposite. Sichuan people like spicy food, but Shanxi dwellers like sour food. As a consequence, a variety of cuisines unique to certain areas are formed, among which that of Lu, Chuan, Huaiyang and Yue are called the “Grand Four Categories of Chinese Cuisine“.2.Directions: For thi
17、s part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 闻名于世的丝绸之路是一条连接东西方的重要国际贸易路线。丝绸之路绵延 6,000 多公里，得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东的文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术这四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和 瓷器 (porcelain)传遍全球。欧洲也通
18、过丝绸之路出口各种商品和作物。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The world-renowned Silk Road is an important international route linking the East and West. Extending over 6,000 kilometers, the Silk Road attains its name from the silk trade of ancient China. The trade on the Silk Road had a profound influence on the civilizati
19、on development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that the Four Great Inventions of ancient China, namely papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing, were introduced to other parts of the world. Similarly, China“s silk, tea and porcelain were also spread
20、 all over the world through it. Europe, in return, exported various commodities and plants by means of the Silk Road.3.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国园林 (the Chinese garden)是历经三
21、千多年演变而形成的独具一格的园林 景观 (landscape)。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、 假山 (rockwork)、树木、花草以及由小路和走廊连接的建筑。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Chinese garden has witnessed 3,000 years of evolution and become a unique landscape. It includes not onl
22、y the large gardens constructed as entertainment venues for theroyal family, but also the private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials. These gardens have constituted a miniature designed to express the harmonious relationship between man and na
23、ture. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of buildings linked by trails and corridors, with ponds, rockworks, trees and flowers scattered in it.4.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your ans
24、wer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国将努力确保到 2015 年就业者平均接受过 13.3 年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数。除了关注高等教育外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力充分利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：China will strive to ensure that job hunters have received education of 13.3 year
25、s on average by 2015. Once this goal could be attained, most of the people entering the labor market are needed to acquire the college diploma in the future. In the upcoming years, China will put forth efforts to increase the number of recruitment of vocational institutes. In addition to paying atte
26、ntion to higher education, China will seek new breakthroughs to ensure a fairer educational system. In the meantime, China is exerting every effort to make the best use of educational resources. As a result, the rural and underdeveloped areas will get more support. Besides, the Ministry of Education
27、 also decides to improve the nutriment of students in underdeveloped areas.5.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 北京大学成立于 1898 年，其成立标志着中国近代高等教育的开端。这所大学在中国历史上发挥了非常重要的作用，培养了一代又一代的优秀人才，创造了
28、一批又一批重大的科学成果。近年来，北京大学在学术研究方面已经经历了恢复和调整的过程。北京大学正在努力成为一所教育中心和科学研究中心，以便为中国转变为一个高度文明的强大的现代化国家做出积极的贡献。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Peking University was founded in 1898, symbolizing the beginning of modern China“s higher education. The university has played an extremely vital role in Chinese history, which has
29、cultivated generations of outstanding talents and created series of important scientific achievements. In recent years, the university has undergone a process of restoration and readjustment in its academic studies. It is striving to become both a centre of education and scientific research, so as t
30、o contribute positively to the transformation of China into a powerful modem country which is highly cultured.6.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 自从 1978 年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转变为以市场为基础的经济
31、，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。平均 10%的 GDP 增长已使五亿多人脱贫。联合国的“ 千年 (millennium)发展目标”在中国均已完成或即将完成。目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。政府已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善人们接受教育和获得医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Since the reform was activated in 1978, China has converted from the planned economy into the economy based on the market
32、 and undergone the rapid development of economy and society. More than 500 million people have already been shrugged off poverty by means of the average GDP growth of 10%. The “Millennium Development Goal“ of the United Nations has already been or will nearly be accomplished in China. At present, th
33、e 12th Five-Year Plan of China puts emphasis on developing the service industry and overcoming the problems of environment and social unbalance. The Chinese government has already set goals to reduce pollution, improve energy efficiency, better the opportunity of receiving education and medical insu
34、rance, and extend social safeguards.7.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 今年，全国各地积极推进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变，实施科教 兴国 (rejuvenating our country)和可持续发展战略，国民经济继续保持良好的发展势头，年初确定的宏观调控目标(macro-regulat
35、ion targets)有望实现。当前我国经济发展的一个 显著特点 (salient feature)是，既保持了经济的快速增长，又成功地抑制了 通货膨胀 (inflation)。今年各地都加大了国有企业的改革力度，各项试点工作全面展开，全年对外贸易仍将实现适当增长。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：This year, vigorous efforts have been made throughout the country to transform the economic system and the mode of economic growth, to implement
36、 the strategy of rejuvenating our country by relying on science and education and achieving sustainable development, The national economy has maintained a good development momentum, and the macro-regulation targets set at the beginning of the year are expected to be met. A salient feature in China“s
37、 economic development at present is that we have been able to achieve rapid economic growth and successfully keep inflation under control at the same time. State-owned enterprises throughout the country have stepped up reform this year and all pilot work is in full swing. A modest growth of foreign
38、trade is still anticipated for the whole year.8.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 六十六年来，在 中国共产党 (the Chinese Communist Party)的领导下，各族人民团结奋斗，国家面貌发生了历史性的巨大变化。特别是 中国共产党十一届三中全会 (the Third
39、 Plenary Session of the Eleventh Communist Party Central Committee)以来，在邓小平建设有 中国特色社会主义 (building Socialism with Chinese characteristics)理论的指引下，我们找到了适合本国国情的发展道路，我国的各项事业取得了举世瞩目的成就。现在，中国人民正满怀信心地在改革开放和现代化建设的道路上阔步前进。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Over the past sixty-six years, the Chinese people of all ethnic gro
40、ups, led by the Chinese Communist Party, have made concerted efforts and brought enormous historic changes to the landscape of the country. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Communist Party Central Committee, in particular, we have, under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping“s theory of build
41、ing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, found a road to development suited to our national conditions and scored remarkable achievements in various undertakings. Now, the Chinese people, filled with confidence, are advancing in giant strides along the road of reform, opening-up and modernization
42、.9.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 北京是中华人民共和国的首都，也是全国的政治和文化中心。大约 69 万年前， 北京人 (Peking Man)生活在北京西南 48 公里的周口店地区。10 世纪初期，北京成为辽代(Liao Dynasty)的第二个都城。从那时起，北京先后成为金代、元代、明代和清代的首都，直至 1911 年。
43、1949 年 10 月 1 日，毛主席在北京向全世界宣布了中华人民共和国的成立。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Beijing, the capital of the People“s Republic of China, is the nation“s political and cultural center. Some 690,000 years ago, Peking Man lived at Zhoukoudian, 48 kilometres southwest of Beijing. At the beginning of the 10 th century, it
44、became the second capital of the Liao Dynasty. From then on, the city had been the capital of the Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties until 1911. On October 1 st , 1949, it was in Beijing that Chairman Mao proclaimed to the whole world the founding of the People“s Republic of China.10.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write you
