1、大学英语四级-132 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Each artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. He hopes the public will listen and understandhe wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him. What visual artis
2、t like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to 1 , because painters translate their experience into shapes and colors, not 2 . They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the 3 billions possibles, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing
3、 to us. Without their works we should never have noticed these 4 shapes and colors, or have felt the 5 which they brought to the artist. Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in 6 and at rest; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world a
4、re worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they 7 choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it Yet even they do not choose entirely without 8 to the character of their subjects, If one painter chooses to paint
5、 a decaying leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is 9 our attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, 10 somethingall of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us, A. words B. directing C. countle
6、ss D. crawl E. reference F. merely G. erect H. motion I. explain J. emphasizing K. sympathetic L. gloriously M. delight N. crisis O. particular（分数：30.00）三、Section B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Of the millions of inventions, what are the eight greatest?A I“ve drawn up a list, And there“s one thing I know about th
7、is list: You won“t agree with it, Some of you will write to tell me I forgot the gun, the airplane, or whatever, Which is fine: A top-eight list is all about starting a good argument, But to draw up such a list, you have to set some guidelines, and here are mine; I“m starting at the year zero, Other
8、wise, we“d never get out of prehistory, And I“m limiting inventions to physical devices. The scientific method, the university and electricity don“t countthey are, respectively, a concept, a social system, and something we discovered but which existed all along. B This is a list of end products. Tha
9、t is, I“m excluding components with no independent function. Take the gear, for example. A groundbreaking bit of technology to be sure. Without it, we“d scarcely have any machines at all. But we never say, “Oh, damn, I“m out of gears!“ Ditto microchips, transistors, and ball bearings. Here, then, in
10、 no particular order, are my nominees as the eight greatest inventions. 1. The Mechanical Clock C Before this invention, time was inseparable from events, the main one being the Sun crossing the sky. Only local time existed, no universal river of time. If you agreed to meet someone at sunset, you ha
11、d to say where, because the Sun is always setting somewhere. Then, mechanical clocks came around. Gradually, as these clocks all came to be coordinated, they created public time, a thing in itself: one single, universal current flowing everywhere throughout the universe, always at the same pace. Peo
12、ple could now communicate with each other by coordinating to this universal frame of reference. Thus, clocks made factories, offices, schools, meetings, and appointments possible. 2. The Printing Press D Unoriginal, I know, but still it“s true. Gutenberg“s press, with its movable type, launched publ
13、ishing. In the short term, this made the Reformation possible by putting a Bible in the hands of anybody who wanted one. The Church lost its lock on truth, and the sovereign individual soon emerged as the key unit of Western society. In the longer term, publishing universalized literacy. Before this
14、 invention, so few could read that, effectively, even those few lived in a world of oral tradition and memory. Humanity“s consensual picture of reality was shaped by stories, told and retold. In this fluid world, if the big picture shifted, no one knew, because they had nothing to check it against.
15、The proliferation of text fixed objective reality. Now, when two people disagree about what happened yesterday, they can look it up. Our modern collective picture of reality is founded on facts archived as text. 3. Immunization and Antibiotics E Three centuries ago, almost everyone died of infection
16、s diseases. When the plague broke out in 1347, it killed nearly haft of Europein about two years. When diseases such as smallpox reached North America, they reduced the indigenous population by about 90 percent within a century. As late as 1800, the leading cause of death in the West was tuberculosi
17、s. Hardly anyone died of old age back then, one reason why elders were revered. Today, elders are a dime a dozen: nothing unusual about surviving past 70. In the United States, 73 percent of people die of heart failure, cancer, and stroke. It“s a different world, folks. 4. The Telephone F Lots of pe
18、ople imagined the telephone before any telephone existed. Once the device was invented, and businessmen had wrested it away from the inventors, the Network began to form. That“s the actual inventionthe Network. It enables anyone to talk to anyone anywhere at any given moment. So today, anyone“s real
19、-time group includes people not physically present, and they could be anywhere. The infrastructure took some time to develop, but the telephone implied all this from the start. 5. The Electrical Grid G Electricity existed all along, but the system of devices needed to generate this force and distrib
20、ute it to individual buildings was an invention, launched initially by Edison: He effectively turned electricity into a salable commodity and his Pearl Street station was the world“s first electric power station. Nikola Tesla“s invention of alternating current (AC) technology then made it possible t
21、o transmit electricity over long distances, leading to the nationwide grid we know today. Now, anyone in the West and throughout most of the world can tap into the grid to power everything from light bulbs to computers. We are, in fact, a social organism animated by electricity. 6. The Automobile H
22、Once cars were invented, roads were improved. Once roads were improved, cities sprouted suburbs, because people could now live in the country, yet work in the city. And thus we have become a nation of sprawl, rather than density. Furthermore, as cars grew popular, the off industry boomed. Oil became
23、 a key to power and wealthand one of the major factors for political and economic unrest in the Middle East. And here we are today. 7. The Television I Wherever a television set is on, it absorbs attention like no other piece of furniture. Jane Healy, in her book Endangered Minds , says television h
24、as changed the human brain itself. Our neural networks are not hardwired at birth but continue to develop for several years, new circuits forming in response to our first interactions with the environment. In much of the developed world, young children interact largely with television, so their neur
25、al networks can accommodate its warm, one-way, pacifying, activity-dampening stimulus. 8. The Computer J My deepest, richest, most diverse, and rewarding relationship is with my computer. It plays games with me, tells me jokes, plays music to me, and does my taxes. I have great conversations with it
26、, too. These conversations appear as e-mail and take on the personalities of supposed “friends,“ but the human embodiments of those “friends“ are rarely with me. My concrete relationship is with this object on my desk (or in my lap).（分数：30.00）(1).Endangered Minds suggests that television has somethi
27、ng to do with the change of our brain.（分数：3.00）(2).In the era before birth of immunization, old people were respected because almost no one died of old age then.（分数：3.00）(3).Nikola Tesla invented alternating current technology that enabled electricity to be transmitted over long distances.（分数：3.00）(
28、4).Gear, though a great invention, is excluded from the list because it doesn“t have independent function.（分数：3.00）(5).The political and economic unrest in the Middle East is principally attributed to oil.（分数：3.00）(6).The telephone network enables people communicate to anyone anywhere at any time.（分
29、数：3.00）(7).Electricity is something existed all along that can“t be described as an invention.（分数：3.00）(8).The plague that trilled nearly half of Europe broke out in 1347.（分数：3.00）(9).Before the clock was invented, there was not a universal reference of time.（分数：3.00）(10).After the invention of prin
30、ting press, people no longer had to live by oral tradition and memory.（分数：3.00）四、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The communications explosion is on the scale of the rail, automobile or telephone revolution. Very soon you“ll be able to record your entire life electronicallyanythi
31、ng a microphone or a camera can sense you“ll be able to store. In particular, the number of images a person captures in a lifetime is sure to rise dramatically. The thousand images a year I take of my children on a digital camera are all precious to me. In a generation“s time, my children“s children
32、 will have total image documentation of their entire livesa visual diary of tremendous personal value. In Cambridge, we“re already working on millimeter-square (平方毫米) computing and sensing devices that can be linked to the Internet through the radio network. This sort of connectivity will expand dra
33、matically as tiny communications devices become dirt-cheap and multiply. Just imagine what the paint on the wall could do if it had this sort of communications dust in it: change color, play music, show movies or even speak to you. Falling costs raise other possibilities too. Because launching space
34、 vehicles is about to become very much cheaper, the number of satellites is likely to go up greatly: There“s lots of space up there so we could have millions of them. And ff you have millions of low-orbit satellites you can establish a global communications network that completely does away with tow
35、ers and poles. Speech is so flexible that I expect voice communication to become almost free eventually: you“ll pay just a monthly fixed charge and be able to make as many calls as you want, By then people will also have fixed links with business contacts, friends and relatives. One day I anticipate
36、 being able to keep in touch with my family in Poland on an optical-fiber audio-video link; we“ll be able to sit down “together“ to eat, Cars are an interesting IT-platform because they have big batteries and lots of so far unconnected digital devices. Soon each one will be on the Internet so your c
37、hildren can play games while you“re traveling and your partner can deal with their email, And every lamppost could be on the Internet tooeach one with sensors to monitor light, pollution, air quality and traffic flow,（分数：20.00）(1).By saying that he takes many Images of his children, the author wants
38、 to _.（分数：4.00）A.show his great interest in photographyB.compare his own life with his children“sC.display the influence of communications on lifeD.demonstrate the ease of enjoying life electronically(2).The author most probably thinks that the communications dust is _.（分数：4.00）A.worthlessB.amazingC
39、.smallD.cheap(3).Which of the following statements about the low-orbit satellites is true?（分数：4.00）A.The low-orbit satellites can help reduce the costs of communications network,B.The low-orbit satellites will enable all the communications networks to combine,C.The low-orbit satellites would replace
40、 towers and poles functionally.D.There will be more low-orbit satellites than other kinds of satellites.(4).According to the passage, an optical-fiber audio-video link can enable us to _.（分数：4.00）A.talk and see each other no matter where we areB.eat with our family no matter where we areC.talk or se
41、e anyone we want free of chargeD.find more business palmers and friends(5).The phrase “each one“ (Line 2, Para. 5) can be best replaced by _.（分数：4.00）A.each digital deviceB.each carC.each batteryD.each person六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The small coastal town of Broome, in northwest Australia, is a
42、remote village in the vast countryside. There are no traffic jams and hardly any roads. There is only the massive Australian wild land, where some houses are 500 miles apart and some driveways are 50 miles long. There seem to be only two main sources of entertainment out here: the sunset at the beac
43、h and Sun Pictures. Sun Pictures is a very different movie theater: The seats are park benches and deck chairs, but you“re also welcome to sit on the grass. It is the world“s oldest outdoor movie garden. Sun Pictures was built in 1916 on the other side of the globe from Hollywood. All the big films
44、were shipped here and the lonely country was amazed. Broome resident Pearl Hamaguchi has never traveled far from home. But in the Sun Pictures chairs, under the deep blue night sky, she has been almost everywhere. “And we came back excited about Gregory Peck,“ she recalled. This is one of the few pl
45、aces left in the world where you can see two sets of stars at the same timeone set in the sky, the other in the film. Each night, dozens of people from around the world line up at the old wooden stand, with no computer in sight, and buy their tickets to the latest films. Sun Pictures is also a museu
46、m, exhibiting projectors (放映机) that date back to the silent films, a portrait gallery of the famous people who never knew about this placeeven though they came here all the time. Every once in a while, I“m told, you might find a non-ticket holder in your seat. That“s why it“s always a good idea to s
47、hake out your chair to make sure there are no spiders or scorpions. “We“ve only had a couple of scorpion incidents but no one“s been stung yet,“ said Aaron Mestemaker, a tourist visiting from Michigan. Sun Pictures is a holy hall of movie history and a reminder that air conditioning and carpet are n
48、o match for grass and fresh aireven when the lizards steal the scene.（分数：20.00）(1).The first two paragraphs want to show that _.（分数：4.00）A.living in Broome is inconvenientB.the life in Broome is boringC.few people like to live in BroomeD.Broome is simple but vast(2).Sun Pictures is different from ot
49、her theater in that _.（分数：4.00）A.it is the most historical outdoor theater in the worldB.the audience can either sit on chairs or on the grassC.it was built by some constructor from HollywoodD.all the films were imported here from Hollywood(3).Gregory Peck is most probably the name of _.（分数：4.00）A.a placeB.a filmC.a movie starD.a country fellow(4).The “non-ticket holder“, as is mentioned In the passage, refers to _.（分数：4.00）A.a country fellow who does not buy the film ticketB.an elderly people who enjoys free-ticket privilegeC.an insect which
