1、大学英语四级-120 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Thoughts of suicide haunted Anita Rutnam long before she arrived at Syracuse University. She had a history of mental illness and had even attempted to kill herself. During her junior year of college, she tried again. On a F
2、ebruary morning in 1998, just days after a campus counselor recommended she be hospitalized for her suicidal tendencies, Rutnam threw herself off the eighth floor of a Syracuse dormitory. Miraculously, she survived. But three years later, Rutnam still feels the effects of that day. She has not been
3、able to finish college and is suing her former school for malpractice. Her suit asserts that, given the campus counselor“s advice, school officials should have done more to prevent her suicide attempt. This incident and others have thrown a spotlight on an issue that is causing growing concern in do
4、rm rooms and students center. Are colleges providing adequate care for students who may be struggling with a range of mental illnesses? In the Syracuse case, a spokesman for the school contends, “The University tried repeatedly to help Anita, and we felt that they acted appropriately.“ But lawyers a
5、re busy there and elsewhere. After accidents, suicide is the second biggest killer of kids in college. And while the number of students who kill themselves on campus is no higher than that of 18-to-24-year-olds In the general population, a series of sensational incidents has raised the question of w
6、hether troubled students are getting proper attention. So what are the schools“ responsibilities to at-risk students, particularly those who may be genetically predisposed (易患病的) to mental illness? College can be a breeding ground for psychiatric problems. Poor eating habits and irregular sleeping p
7、atternsespecially combined with the academic stress of college lifemay all play roles in triggering mental problems. Additionally, many of the major psychiatric illnesses including depression often do not manifest themselves until the late teens or early 20s.（分数：25.00）(1).Anita Rutnam couldn“t finis
8、h college most probably because _.（分数：5.00）A.she couldn“t get enough concern from Syracuse UniversityB.she wasn“t physically healthy enough to continue schoolingC.she still kept thinking about killing herself whenever at schoolD.she has been troubled by the memory of the incident very often(2).What
9、does the author want us to know through Anita Rutnam“s story?（分数：5.00）A.The universities are not responsible for their students.B.Suicides are popular on college campus and should be handled properly.C.Why Anita committed suicide is still a mystery.D.Universities should get prepared in case their st
10、udents sue them.(3).What does Anita accuse her former school of?（分数：5.00）A.Ignorance of her abnormal behaviors.B.Lack of safeguard against her suicidal intention.C.Failure to give her proper academic instructions.D.Indifference to her physical disease.(4).How does Syracuse University defend itself a
11、gainst Anita“s suit?（分数：5.00）A.It has given her due attention as well as help.B.Adult students should be able to control their own behavior.C.It is more than the school“s responsibility to supervise the students.D.Colleges can be a breeding ground for psychiatric problems.(5).All the following probl
12、ems are implied as possible causes of campus suicide incidents EXCEPT _.（分数：5.00）A.poor academic resultsB.failing to get proper sleepC.lack of family concernD.family history of mental illnessIt is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th cen
13、turies. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry (彩礼) or decimum. Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The decimum was the wife“s right t
14、o receive a tenth of all her husband“s property. The wife had the right to withhold consent, in all transactions the husband would make, and more than just a right: the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision equal to that of her husband. In no case did the documents indicate any de
15、gree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife. The wife shared in the management of her husband“s personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion t
16、hey showed a fine fighting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas, a Catalan woman of Barcelona. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to th
17、e scribe (法学家) to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Miro“s personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake of peace.“ Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the Catalan wife knew how to win hersel
18、f, with the context of the family, a powerful economic position.（分数：25.00）(1).A decimum was _.（分数：5.00）A.the wife“s inheritance from her fatherB.a gift of money to the new husbandC.a protection of the wife“s rightD.a written contract(2).In the 10th and 11th centuries in southern European, women“s so
19、cial position was _.（分数：5.00）A.higher than men“sB.as high as men“sC.lower than men“sD.never recognized(3).The purpose of mentioning the case of Maria Vivas is _.（分数：5.00）A.to show women had the same rights as, if not more than, their husbandsB.to prove hot-tempered woman held a powerful economic pos
20、itionC.to tell the readers the real situations in some countriesD.to show the fight spirits of women(4).Could a husband sell his wife“s inheritance according to this passage?（分数：5.00）A.Yes, if she agreed.B.No, under no circumstances.C.Yes, whenever he wished to.D.Yes, when they needed money for the
21、household.(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an effect of the dowry system?（分数：5.00）A.The husband had to share the power of decision in marriage.B.The wife could manage her husband“s personal property.C.The wife gained a powerful economic position.D.The wife would not be deserted by her
22、husband.In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member“ were high on the list, but so were some positive lif
23、e-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stressit only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy. By t
24、he early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women“s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!“ If you want to stay
25、 physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events. But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even ff stressful events are dangerous, manylike the death of a loved oneare impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方
26、) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move. The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assu
27、mes we“re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and p
28、hysical and mental strain.（分数：25.00）(1).The result of Holmes-Rahe“s medical research tells us _.（分数：5.00）A.the way you handle major events may cause stressB.what should be done to avoid stressC.what kind of event would cause stressD.how to cope with sudden changes in life(2).The studies on stress in
29、 the early 1970“s led to _.（分数：5.00）A.widespread concern over its harmful effectsB.great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC.an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD.popular avoidance of stressful jobs(3).The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows _.（分数：5.00）A.how much pressure y
30、ou are underB.how positive events can change your lifeC.how stressful a major event can beD.how you can deal with life-changing events(4).Why is “such simplistic advice“ (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow?（分数：5.00）A.No one can stay on the same job for long.B.No prescription is effective in relie
31、ving stress.C.People have to get married someday.D.You could be missing opportunities as well.(5).According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become _.（分数：5.00）A.nervous when faced with difficultiesB.physically and mentally strainedC.more capable of coping with adversityD.
32、indifferent toward what happens to themTaste is such a subjective matter that we don“t usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you car, say about anyone“s preference, is that it“s one person“s opinion. But because the two big cola (可乐) companiesCoca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so ag
33、gressively, we“ve wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting. We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Co
34、ca-Cola Classic (传统型) or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的) Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought they“d have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, r
35、egular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants“ choices with what mere guess-work could have accomplished. Getting all four samples right was a tough t
36、est, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worseonly 7 of 27 identified all four samples correctly.
37、 While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people go all four samples wrong. Overall, haft the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burno
38、ut, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.（分数：25.00）(1).According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to _.（分数：5.00）A.find out the role taste pref
39、erence plays in a person“s drinkingB.reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkersC.show that a person“s opinion about taste is mere guess-workD.compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks(2).The statistics recorded in the preference tests show _.（分数：5.00）A.Coca-Cola a
40、nd Pepsi are people“s two most favorite drinksB.there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and PepsiC.few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from PepsiD.people“s tastes differ from one another(3).It is implied in the first paragraph that _.（分数：5.00）A.the purpose of taste tests is to p
41、romote the sale of colasB.the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companiesC.the competition between the two colas is very strongD.blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans(4).The word “burnout“ (Line 3, Para. 5) here refers to the state of _.（分数：5.00）A.being seriously
42、burnt in the skinB.being unable to burn for lack of fuelC.being badly damaged by fireD.being unable to function because of excessive use(5).The author“s purpose in writing this passage is to _.（分数：5.00）A.show that taste preference is highly subjectiveB.argue that taste testing is an important market
43、ing strategyC.emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each otherD.recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas大学英语四级-120 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Thoughts of suicide haunted Anita Rutnam long before she arrived at Sy
44、racuse University. She had a history of mental illness and had even attempted to kill herself. During her junior year of college, she tried again. On a February morning in 1998, just days after a campus counselor recommended she be hospitalized for her suicidal tendencies, Rutnam threw herself off t
45、he eighth floor of a Syracuse dormitory. Miraculously, she survived. But three years later, Rutnam still feels the effects of that day. She has not been able to finish college and is suing her former school for malpractice. Her suit asserts that, given the campus counselor“s advice, school officials
46、 should have done more to prevent her suicide attempt. This incident and others have thrown a spotlight on an issue that is causing growing concern in dorm rooms and students center. Are colleges providing adequate care for students who may be struggling with a range of mental illnesses? In the Syra
47、cuse case, a spokesman for the school contends, “The University tried repeatedly to help Anita, and we felt that they acted appropriately.“ But lawyers are busy there and elsewhere. After accidents, suicide is the second biggest killer of kids in college. And while the number of students who kill th
48、emselves on campus is no higher than that of 18-to-24-year-olds In the general population, a series of sensational incidents has raised the question of whether troubled students are getting proper attention. So what are the schools“ responsibilities to at-risk students, particularly those who may be
49、 genetically predisposed (易患病的) to mental illness? College can be a breeding ground for psychiatric problems. Poor eating habits and irregular sleeping patternsespecially combined with the academic stress of college lifemay all play roles in triggering mental problems. Additionally, many of the major psychiatric illnesses including depression often do not manifest themselves until the late teens or early 20s.（分数：25.00）(1).Anita Rutnam couldn“t finish college most probably because _.（分数：5.00）A.she couldn“t g
