1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 242及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on peoples seeki
2、ng for happiness endlessly. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.The brick buildings are too old.B.Many people are still buried.C.Earthquakes keep occurring.D.Shelter and food
3、is not enough.A.It was the worlds worst earthquake in 80 years.B.It created great panic among the residents.C.Most residents spent the night outside in the open.D.Some witnesses were sent on a boat after the earthquake.A.To cultivate the next generation of smokers.B.To change peoples attitude toward
4、s smoking.C.To lure smokers into choosing their brands.D.To lift the smoking industrys position.A.They are be more difficult to quit for smokers.B.They are not as safe as traditional cigarettes.C.Their market has great potential.D.They are not attractive to young children.A.Extremely high crime rate
5、s.B.Troubled higher education.C.Limited natural resources.D.Poor government stability.A.The increasing number of college graduates means hope.B.The number of graduates should be decreased.C.Therere enough resources for the African students.D.The high number of students is the biggest problem.A.It wi
6、ll sooner or later be solved.B.It is one of the most serious issues.C.It isnt as hard as war or poverty.D.It is the root cause of other issues.5.Section B_A.He doesnt have a checklist-release card.B.He goes to the wrong place for registration.C.He ibrgets to return books to the library.D.He is on th
7、e library checklist.A.Calm.B.Angry.C.Interested.D.Funny.A.Go to the library.B.Pay the money.C.Go through registration.D.Get a checklist-release card.A.Give up registration and leave.B.Talk to the admissions representative.C.Go to the library immediately.D.Wait until the woman processes his registrat
8、ion.A.Doctor.B.Government official.C.Teacher.D.Babysitter.A.He is always ill.B.He is too active.C.He speaks too little.D.He does a bad thing.A.His parents disagree with that.B.His parents cant be with him.C.His parents think it is unhealthy.D.His parents order him to stay at home.A.It is signed by t
9、he state government.B.It could raise money from parents.C.It has been drawn up to protect children.D.It could help to fund afternoon programs.6.Section C_A.Automobiles are more destructive to human society.B.Peacebreakers pay little attention to law and morality.C.Modern technology brings more harm
10、than good.D.The lack of virtue is becoming more prevailing.A.Researchers show great interest in this.B.Few drivers know the dangers of accidents.C.Experts want to warn drivers of their own safety.D.It is a main reason leading to accidents.A.Raising safety standards for vehicles.B.Establishing speed
11、limits on more roads.C.Limiting the number of vehicles on express ways.D.Regulating the release of drivers licenses.A.To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.B.To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.C.To promote drivers social awareness and sense of responsib
12、ility.D.To warn drivers of the destruction of careless driving.A.They become more mature in a shorter time.B.They might be of different genes from their ancestors.C.They are much more nutritious with better taste.D.They might take a totally different look than before.A.Which food could be sold.B.How
13、 foods must be described.C.When certain foods are available.D.What nutrients food should contain.A.They have trouble in moving.B.They have trouble in speaking.C.They have trouble in sleeping.D.They have trouble in breathing.A.It plays an important role in the international economy.B.Japan is the lar
14、gest trading partner of America.C.American banks have the most branches globally.D.Trade between Japan and America is the most active of all.A.She was interested in living in different places.B.She wanted to know more about Japanese culture.C.She was promoted by her boss to a new position.D.She want
15、ed to gain more knowledge of the field.A.She is the manager of the Tokyo branch bank.B.She studies economics in Japan.C.She works for a Japanese bank in America.D.She set up her own business in Japan.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Would you be happ
16、ier if you spent more time discussing the state of the world and the meaning of lifeand less time talking about the weather? It may sound counterintuitive (违反直觉的), but people who spend more of their day having deep discussions and less time engaging in small talk seem to be happier, said Matthias Me
17、hl, a psychologist at the University of Arizona who published a study on the 1. “We found this so interesting, because it could have gone the other wayit could have been, Dont worry, be happyas long as you surf on the 2level of life youre happy, and if you go into the essential depths youll be unhap
18、py,“ Dr. Mehl said. But, he 3, deep conversation seemed to hold the 4to happiness for two main reasons: both because human beings are driven to find and create 5in their lives, and because we are social animals who want and need to 6with other people. “By engaging in meaningful conversations, we man
19、age to impose meaning on a(n) 7pretty chaotic world,“ Dr. Mehl said. “And interpersonally, as you find this meaning, you bond with your interactive partner, and we know that interpersonal connection and integration is a core 8foundation of happiness.“ Dr. Mehls study was small and doesnt 9a cause-an
20、d-effect relationship between the kind of conversations one has and ones happiness. But thats the 10next step, when he will ask people to increase the number of deep conversations they have each day and cut back on small talk, and vice versa.A) calculated E) fundamental I) nevertheless M) proveB) co
21、nnect F) key J) otherwise N) shallowC) contact G) love K) planned O) subjectD) fantastic H) meaning L) proposed（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_The End of AIDS?A On June 5th 1981 Americas Centres for Disease Control and Prevention reported
22、the outbreak of an unusual form of pneumonia (肺炎) in Los Angeles. When, a few weeks later, its scientists noticed a similar cluster of a rare cancer called Kaposis sarcoma (肉瘤) in San Francisco, they suspected that something strange and serious was coming. That something was AIDS.B Since then, 25m p
23、eople have died from AIDS and another 34m are infected. The 30th anniversary of the diseases discovery has been taken by many as an occasion for hand-wringing. Yet the war on AIDS is going far better than anyone dared hope. A decade ago, half of the people in several southern African countries were
24、expected to die of AIDS. Now, the death rate is dropping. In 2005 the disease killed 2.1m people. In 2009, the most recent year for which data are available, the number was 1.8m. Some 5m lives have already been saved by drug treatment. In 33 of the worst-affected countries the rate of new infections
25、 is down by 25% or more from its peak.C Even more hopeful is a recent study which suggests that the drugs used to treat AIDS may also stop its transmission. If that proves true, the drugs could acliieve much of what a vaccine (疫苗) would. The question for the world will no longer be whether it can wi
26、pe out the plague, but whether it is prepared to pay the price.The appliance of scienceD If AIDS is defeated, it will be thanks to an alliance of science, activism and unselfishness. The science has come from the worlds drug companies, which leapt on the problem. In 1996 a batch of similar drugs, al
27、l of them inhibiting the activity of one of the AIDS viruss crucial enzymes (霉素), appeared almost simultaneously. The effect was miraculous, if you (or your government) could afford the $15,000 a year that those drugs cost when they first came on the market.E Much of the activism came from rich-worl
28、d gays. Having persuaded drug companies into creating the new medicines, the activists bullied them into dropping the price. That would have happened anyway, but activism made it happen faster. The unselfishness was aroused as it became clear by the mid-1990s that AIDS was not just a rich-world dise
29、ase. Three-quarters of those affected wereand still arein Africa. Unlike most infections, which strike children and the elderly, AIDS hits the most productive members of society: businessmen, civil servants, engineers, teachers, doctors, nurses. Thanks to an enormous effort by Western philanthropist
30、s (慈善家) and some politicians (this is one area where even the left should give credit to George Bush junior), a series of programmes has brought drugs to those infected.F The result is unsatisfactory. Not enough peoplesome 6.6m of the 16m who would most quickly benefitare getting the drugs. And the
31、pills are not a cure. Stop taking them, and the virus bounces back. But it is a huge step forward from ten years ago.G What can science offer now? A few peoples immune systems control the disease naturally, which suggests a vaccine might be possible, and antibodies have been discovered that neutrali
32、se the virus and might thus form the basis of AIDS-clearing drugs. But a cure still seems a long way off. Prevention is, for the moment, the better bet.A question of moneyH In the early days scientists were often attacked by activists for being more concerned with trying to prevent the epidemic spre
33、ading than treating the affected. Now it seems that treatment and prevention will come in the same pill. If you can stop the virus reproducing in someones body, you not only save his life, you also reduce the number of viruses for him to pass on. Get enough people on drugs and it would be like vacci
34、nating them: the chain of transmission would be broken.I That is a huge task. It is not just a matter of bringing in those who should already be on the drugs (the 16m who show symptoms or whose immune systems are critically weak). To prevent transmission, treatment would in theory need to be expande
35、d to all the 34m people infected with the disease. That would mean more effective screening, which is planned already, and also a willingness by those without the symptoms to be treated. That willingness might be there, though, if it would protect peoples uninfected lovers.J Such a programme would t
36、ake years and also cost a lot of money. About $16 billion a year is spent on AIDS in poor and middle-income countries. Half is generated locally and half is foreign aid. A report in this weeks Lancet suggests a carefully crafted mixture of approaches that does not involve treating all those without
37、symptoms would bring great benefit for not much more than thisa peak of $22 billion in 2015, and a fall thereafter. Moreover, most of the extra spending would be offset by savings on the treatment of those who would have been infected, but were notsome 12m people, if the scientists have done their s
38、ums right. At $500 per person per year, the benefits would far outweigh the costs in purely economic terms: though donors will need to compare the gain from spending more on knocking out AIDS against other worthy causes, such as eliminating malaria (疟疾).K For the moment, the struggle is to stop some
39、 rich countries giving less. The Netherlands and Spain are cutting their contributions to the Global Fund, one of the two main distributors of the life-saving drugs, and Italy has stopped paying altogether. On June 8th the United Nations meets to discuss what to do next. Those who see the UN as a me
40、re talking-shop should remember that its first meeting on AIDS launched the Global Fund. It is still a long haul. But AIDS can be beaten. A plague that 30 years ago was blamed on mans wickedness has ended up showing him in a better, more inventive and generous light.（分数：20.00）(1).If the anti-AIDS dr
41、ugs can stop AIDS from transmitting, the wipe-out of the plague will be out of question.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Activists forced the drug institutions not only to create new drugs but also to lower the drug price.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).People used to blame scientists for paying more attention to preventing
42、 the spread of AIDs than treating patients infected with it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).AIDS was first discovered by American scientists about some thirty years ago.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Even though drugs with amazing effect appeared in 1990s, they were too expensive for most patients to afford.（分数：2.00）填空项 1
43、:_(6).About 50% of the money spent on AIDS, in the poor and middle-income countries, comes from foreign assistance.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).Some rich countries in Europe are decreasing their anti-AIDS investment to Global Fund.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).More effective screening and willingness are required to p
44、revent AIDS from transmitting.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).Unlike most infectious diseases that hit the weak members, AIDS strikes the most capable members of society.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).Scientists have discovered some antibodies which might help to produce drugs that can clear AIDS.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Secti
45、on C_By and large, married people appear to have better health than their single peers. However, if the marriage ends, that healthy edge tends to disappear, with divorced and separated people reporting one of the highest rates of illness. Now, a new study published in the May issue of the Journal of Marriage and Family shows that co-habitating (同居的) couples also experience a decrease in health after splitting up. “Leaving a co-habitation, like a marriage, tends to have a harmful effect on health,“ said le
