1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）-试卷 225 及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Be a Civic-minded Tourist. You should include in your essay tourists uncivil behaviors in the scenic spots and the
2、 corresponding solutions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.Be a Civic-minded Tourist（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.To reach an agreement between the two sides.B.To invi
3、te some celebrity to join the new firm.C.To publicize their activities.D.To wait for approval by an authority concerned.A.It wants to absorb more hot singers.B.It will fight against other music companies.C.It faces the challenge of the falling music sale.D.It can eliminate the problems they faced be
4、fore.A.Thursday.B.45 days ago.C.Tuesday.D.Wednesday.A.An assisted suicide organization.B.A travel agency.C.A hospital.D.A police station.A.1,970.B.1,980.C.4,700.D.2,600.A.The spirit of fair play.B.Mutual understanding.C.Respect to each other.D.Refusal to drugs.A.Intelligent.B.Imagine.C.Image.D.Impre
5、ssion.5.Section B_A.Recycling and its benefits.B.The group she belongs to.C.Her belief on environmental protection.D.The project her group is involved in.A.To get funding from the citys recycling center.B.To raise peoples awareness of recycling.C.To force the government to change its actions on plan
6、t funding.D.To prevent the government from funding the main plant.A.The council cares about the issues.B.The group has been dealing with the issues.C.The group has cut off the main plant.D.The woman has been interviewed several times.A.Writing an article in the newspapers.B.Dumping garbage on the ci
7、ty lawn.C.Publishing an editorial to show disapproval.D.Organizing several strikes in the streets.A.To spend a holiday and see Mends.B.To attend the Arts Festival.C.To visit the exhibition of cellos.D.To give private cello lessons.A.It was specially made for him by his uncle.B.He got it from his unc
8、le.C.He has been using it since the age of eight.D.A cello maker gave it to him as a present.A.Half size.B.Two-thirds size.C.Full size.D.Three-fifths size.A.He reserves a seat for it.B.He leaves it at home.C.He ships it by express.D.He shares the seat with it.6.Section C_A.It was published in 1608.B
9、.It was a list of everyday words.C.It included 3,000 important words.D.Each word in it was defined by one word.A.It was the first dictionary that also included easy words.B.It gave good sentences to show the usage of the words.C.It was the first English dictionary.D.It contained twenty volumes.A.It
10、has a lot of volumes.B.It was planned and prepared by scholars.C.It gives good meanings to the words.D.It traces each words history.A.Confident.B.Energetic.C.Discouraged.D.Anxious.A.This group exercises regularly in gyms.B.This group cares about body image.C.This group is more self-aware.D.This grou
11、p tends to feel tired more easily.A.Hiking is particularly beneficial.B.They should set a time limit to their exercise.C.There are other ways to work out.D.They had better not do exercises in a gym.A.The transactions are under close supervision.B.Paperwork has been totally replaced by computers.C.Th
12、e transactions are processed only by computers.D.There is no reason for the staff to steal money.A.It is hard to find evidence and witnesses.B.They dont use guns.C.Such kind of crimes are usually not detected.D.It is hard to catch them.A.By transferring money among different accounts.B.By replacing
13、the missing money through gambling.C.By making computer errors artificially.D.By changing the account information.A.Laws about computer crimes are imperfect.B.There are many potential criminals hiding in the bank.C.Computer crimes committed by minor employees exist widely.D.Computer crimes committed
14、 by real computer experts exist widely.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Over the last two years, in the PC business Michael Dell has been beaten like a rented mule. His company continues to lose market 1 particularly in the U.S. Industry analysts wou
15、ld say that Dell has done a poor job of bringing out 2 and attractive products. Apple Mac sales keep rising. HP, Sony, and Lenovo have 3 new product lines which have had warm 4 . Dells core business is being hit by three things. The first is that the company was fairly late at 5 into retail outlets
16、(零售店) overseas. It 6 on its direct sales model for too long. The second problem is that the recession has 7 Dells sales. Dells final problem is that it cannot find the right people to run the company. It 8 dumped most of the senior management that it hired just over a year ago. It takes time for new
17、 people to get up to speed. Word has gotten out that Dell plans to launch its own high-end smartphone. Dell does not do well what it is supposed to do well. It has become a second rate PC company. It proposes to partially offset that by entering a business which is controlled by Apple and RIM, the m
18、aker of the Blackberry. Because smartphone margins are high, Nokia, the world largest cellphone company, Samsung, and Sony Ericsson are also 9 into the market. The traffic jam is going to be 10 . So Dell cant win in the handset business. What it ought to do is to try to improve its PC business.A) re
19、ceptions E) targeting I) comprehensive M) expandingB) depended F) innovative J) recently N) consequentlyC) share G) launched K) rushing O) cutD) extraordinary H) declined L) expressions（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_Theres No Place Like H
20、omeA On almost any night of the week, Churchills Restaurant is hopping. The 10-year-old hot spot in Rockville Centre, Long Island, is packed with locals drinking beer and eating burgers, with some customers spilling over onto the street. “We have lots of regularspeople who are recognized when they c
21、ome in,“ says co-owner Kevin Culhane. In fact, regulars make up more than 80 percent of the restaurants customers. “People feel comfortable and safe here,“ Culhane says, “This is their place.“B Thriving neighborhood restaurants are one small data point in a larger trend I call the new localism. The
22、basic idea: the longer people stay in their homes and communities, the more they identify with those places, and the greater their commitment to helping local businesses and institutions thrive, even in a downturn. Several factors are driving this process, including an aging population, suburbanizat
23、ion, the Internet, and an increased focus on family life. And even as the recession has begun to yield to recovery, our commitment to our local roots is only going to grow deeper. Evident before the recession, the new localism will shape how we live and work in the coming decades, and may even influ
24、ence the course of our future politics.C Perhaps nothing will be as surprising about 21st-century America as its settledness. For more than a generation Americans have believed that “spatial mobility“ would increase, and, as it did, feed a trend toward rootlessness and anomie (社会道德沦丧). In 2000, Harv
25、ards Robert Putnam made a point in Bowling Alone, in which he wrote about the “civic malaise“ he saw gripping the country. In Putnams view, society was being undermined, largely due to suburbanization and what he called “the growth of mobility.“D Yet in reality Americans actually are becoming less n
26、omadic (游牧的). As recently as the 1970s as many as one in five people moved annually; by 2006, long before the current recession took hold, that number was 14 percent, the lowest rate since the census (人口普查) starting following movement in 1940. Since then tougher times have accelerated these trends,
27、in large part because opportunities to sell houses and find new employment have dried up. In 2008, the total number of people changing residences was less than those who did so in 1962, when the country had 120 million fewer people. The stay-at-home trend appears particularly strong among aging boom
28、ers, who stay tied to their suburban homesclose to family, friends, clubs, churches, and familiar surroundings.E The trend will not bring back the corner grocery stores and the declining organizationsbowling leagues, Boy Scouts, and suchcited by Putnam and others as the traditional glue of American
29、communities. Nor will our car-oriented suburbs copy the close neighborhood feel so celebrated by romantic urbanists. Instead, were evolving in ways fit for a postindustrial society. It will not spell the decline of Wal-Mart or Costco, but will express itself in scores of alternative institutions, su
30、ch as thriving local weekly newspapers that have withstood the shift to the Internet far better than big-city dailies.F Our less mobile nature is already reshaping the corporate world. The kind of corporate mobility described in Peter Kilborns recent book, Next Stop, Reloville: Life Inside Americas
31、Rootless Professional Class, in which families relocate every couple of years so the breadwinner can reach a higher step on the managerial ladder, will become less common in years ahead. A smaller group of corporate executives may still move from place to place, but surveys reveal many executives ar
32、e now unwilling to move even for a good promotion. Why? Family and technology are two key factors working against mobility, in the workplace and elsewhere.G Family, as one Pew researcher notes, “matters more than money when people make decisions about where to live.“ Interdependence is replacing ind
33、ependence. More parents are helping their children financially well into their 30s and 40s; the numbers of “boomerang kids“ moving back home with their parents, has also been growing as job options and the ability to buy houses has decreased for the young. Recent surveys of the emerging generation s
34、uggest this family-centric focus will last well into the coming decades.H Nothing allows for geographic choice more than the ability to work at home. Demographer (人口学家) Wendell Cox suggests there will be more people working electronically at home full time than taking mass transportation, making it
35、the largest potential source of energy savings on transportation. In the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles, almost one in 10 workers is a part-time telecommuter. Some studies indicate that more than one quarter of the U.S. workforce could eventually participate in this new work pattern. Even IB
36、M, whose initials were once jokingly said to stand for “Ive Been Moved,“ has changed its approach. About 40 percent of the companys workers now labor at home or remotely from a clients location.I These home-based workers become critical to the local economy. They will eat in local restaurants, atten
37、d fairs and festivals, take their kids to soccer practices, ballet lessons, or religious youth-group meetings. This is not merely a suburban phenomenon; localism also means a stronger sense of identity for urban neighborhoods as well as smaller towns.J Could the new localism also affect our future p
38、olitics? Throughout our history, we have always preferred our politics more on the home-cooked side. On his visit to America in the early 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville was struck by the decentralized nature of the country. “The intelligence and the power are spread abroad,“ he wrote, “and instead of
39、radiating from a point, they cross each other in every direction.“K This is much the same today. The majority of Americans still live in a combination of smaller towns and cities, including many suburban towns within large metropolitan regions. After decades of hurried mobility, we are seeing a retu
40、rn to placeness, along with more choices for individuals, families, and communities. For entrepreneurs like Kevin Culhane and his workers at Churchills, its a phenomenon that may also offer a lease on years of new profits. “Were holding our own in these times because we appeal to the people around h
41、ere,“ Culhane says. And as places like Long Island become less bedroom community and more round-the-clock location for work and play, hes likely to have plenty of hungry customers.（分数：20.00）(1).When visiting the US in the early 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville found that the country had the nature of de
42、centralization.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).The stay-at-home trends have accelerated since 2006 mainly because it was harder to sell houses and find jobs.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Putnam believed that suburbanization and growing mobility were undermining the society.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Most customers of Churchills
43、 Restaurant are old customers.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).The tendency of settledness will result in prosperity of local newspapers.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).A demographer predicates that more people will take full-time jobs at home.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).With the economic recovery, new localism tends to become stro
44、nger.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).The changes from bedroom community to round-the-clock location in some places make profits for local economy.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).With the fading of hurried mobility, placeness is returning, providing more choices for individuals, families and communities.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10)
45、.As is described in a recent book, people relocate constantly to get a promotion.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_Pregnancy mothers are getting a new tool to help keep themselves and their babies healthy: pregnancy tips sent directly to their cell phones. The so-called text4baby campaign is the first free, health education program in the U.S. to harness the reach of mobile phones, according to its sponsors. Organizers say texting is an effective means of delivering wellness tips because 90 percent of people in the U.S
